76023
Description
Mind Map by siobhan.quirk, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by siobhan.quirk
over 11 years ago
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Reducing the Impact of Earthquakes
- Planning
- Forecasting the likely
number and magnitude of
future eathquakes.
- May ban buildings from fault lines,
areas of alluvial deposits which may
suffer liquefaction, and areas liable
to landslides
- Plan emergency procedures
when earthquakes happen
- Forecasting the likely
number and magnitude of
future eathquakes.
- Building Design
- Too expensive to
completely prevent
damage to buildings.
- Designed to protect people
from total collapse, falling
structures and broken glass.
- Wooden sturctures are
flexible and accept a
certain amount of strain.
- Steel-reinforced concrete is
safer than bricks and
masonry for larger buildings.
- Foundations
reinforced by pumping
liquid cement into
network of micropiles
drilled into ground.
- Wooden sturctures are
flexible and accept a
certain amount of strain.
- Too expensive to
completely prevent
damage to buildings.
- Ground or base isolation systems
- Building rests on
large rollers, rubber
pads, springs or
sliders coated with
non-stick Teflon
- Inertial mass of
building keeps it
stationary while
ground moves
beneath, or allows
building to move
without damage.
- Older buildings can have this
system inserted for future
protection (Utah State Capitol)
- Inertial mass of
building keeps it
stationary while
ground moves
beneath, or allows
building to move
without damage.
- Building rests on
large rollers, rubber
pads, springs or
sliders coated with
non-stick Teflon
- Resisting shear forces
- Each part of the structure is
connected to other parts to
prevent collapse.
- Diagonal bracing by cables or rigid
girders strengthens framework.
- Floors are fixed to walls to add
rigidity and prevent pancaking.
- Shear walls (extending full height
of the building) add rigidity
- Diagonal bracing by cables or rigid
girders strengthens framework.
- Each part of the structure is
connected to other parts to
prevent collapse.
- Absorbing sway
- Tall buildings are designed
to sway, absorbing energy
through flexible supports
and materials (rubber)
- Hydraulic systems, (sometimes
computer controlled) dampen the
movement, like shock absorbers
in cars
- Flexible connections between different
parts of buildings can help to counter
movements
- Tall buildings are designed
to sway, absorbing energy
through flexible supports
and materials (rubber)
- Services
- Broken gas mains
and power lines can
cause fires, and
fractured water mains
prevent fire being put
out.
- Use flexible piping for movement
- Use flexible piping for movement
- Broken gas mains
and power lines can
cause fires, and
fractured water mains
prevent fire being put
out.
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