Case Study: Volcanic Eruption - Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat

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GCSE Geography (G1A.1 - Restless Earth) Flashcards on Case Study: Volcanic Eruption - Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat, created by alecmorley2013 on 12/04/2014.
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Flashcards by alecmorley2013, updated more than 1 year ago
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Question Answer
What volcano erupted? The Soufrière Hills Volcano
Where is this volcano? Montserrat, small island Caribbean, South East of Cuba, North Atlantic Ocean, Northern Hemisphere
What was the original population of the island? 12,000
When did this eruption occur? 25th June 1997
Since when had eruptions been occurring? 1995
How much volcanic material was released? 4-5 million metres sq.
What is the tectonic geology of the mountain? Destructive plate margin - Atlantic / Caribbean.
What caused the volcano to erupt? In the hills are magma weak points, so the rock above the chamber collapsed and a vent opened.
What was the name of the capital? Plymouth
How much volcanic material landed on the capital? 12 m
What caused the destruction of homes and villages and how many were destroyed? Pyroclastic Flow (hot cloud of dust and ash). 20 villages and 2/3 houses destroyed.
How many died? 19
How many were injured? 7
What happened to the environment? Vegetation and farmland were gone.
What vital buildings were destroyed? School, hospital, airport and port.
How was the population affected? [s] 8000 left since 1995.
Negative secondary effects? Fires (police, gvmt. offices, main petrol station), tourism down and businesses destroyed.
Positive secondary effects? Tourism for volcano, improve soil fertility.
Which country sent immediate aid and why? UK (£17 million) as overseas UK territory.
Immediate response? Local emergency services look for survivors, shelters set up, temp infrastructure and evacuate South.
Long term response? Risk map (exclusion zone - south), UK sen £41 million to develop North (docks, houses, airport) and Montserrat Volcano Observatory established.
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