9858029
Description
Flashcards by Latifah Abdur, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Latifah Abdur
over 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Cosmetology | the art and science of beautifying and improving the skin, nails, and hair and includes the study of cosmetics and their application. |
| Where does the term Cosmetology Come from? | The Greek word: Kosmetikos |
| How early does archaeological studies reveal that haircutting and hairstyling were practiced? | as early as the Ice Ages |
| What were cosmetic implements shaped from at the dawn of history? | Sharpened flints, oyster shells, or bone |
| What where used to tie hair back or as adornments? | Animal Sinew or strips |
| What ere pigments made of ? | berries, tree bark, minerals, insects, nuts, herbs, leaves, and other materials |
| Who were the first to cultivate beauty in a extravagant fashion? | The Egyptians |
| When did Egyptians use cosmetics? | personal beautification habits, religious ceremonies, and preparation of the deceased for burial |
| When (date) did Egyptians use minerals, insects, and berries to create makeup for their eyes, lips and skin? | as early as 3000 BC |
| What did Egyptians use to stain their hair and nails a rich warm red? | Henna |
| Who was the first civilization to infuse essential oils from leaves, bark and blossoms of plants for use as perfume and for purification purposes? | The Egyptians |
| Who circa 1400 BC stained their nails red, wore lavish makeup designs, and used custom-blended oils as a signature scent? | Queen Nefertiti |
| Who circa 50 BC started a cosmetic factory next to the Dead Sea? | Queen Cleopatra |
| Who created Kohl makeup? | The Egyptians |
| What was Kohl Makeup originally made of? | ground galena, sulfur and animal fat |
| What was the purpose of Kohl Makeup? | 1.To heavily line the eyes 2. alleviate eye inflammation 3. protect the eyes from the glare of the sun |
| Who stained their lips and nails matching colors before important battles? | The Egyptians and the Romans |
| What did The Chinese (Shang Dynasty - circa 1600 BC use to color their nails crisom and ebony? | a tinted mixture of gum Arabic, gelation, beeswax, and egg whites |
| What was the royal colors during The Chou Dynasty? | Gold and Silver |
| During the early periods in Chinese history what would happen if a commoner wore the royal nail color? | Punishment to death |
| What is Vermillion? | a brilliant red pigment, made by grinding cinnabar to a fine powder. Mixed with ointment or dusted on the skin |
| What facials were popular to the Romans? | Facials made of milk and bread or fine wine |
| The Romans Facial ingredients? | Corn with flour and milk or from flour and fresh butter. |
| What did the Romans use as facial cosmetics? | A mixture of chalk and white lead |
| The Romans: What color did noblewoman tint their hair? | Red |
| The Romans: What color did middle class women tint their hair? | Blonde |
| The Romans: What color did poor women dye their hair? | Black |
| Why type of makeup did women of the Middle Ages wear? | Color checks and lips no makeup on the eyes. |
| Who refined the process of steam distillation? | A Persian physical alchemist named Avicenna |
| During what period in history did people shave their eyebrows? | The Renaissance |
| What was the meaning behind shaved eyebrows? | Gave the women a look of greater intelligence |
| What type of makeup style was used during the renaissance? | Simple Style. Though cosmetics were used highly colored pigments were discouraged. |
| During the Victorian Age what was used to preserve the health and beauty of the skin? | beauty mask and packs made of honey, eggs, milk oatmeal, fruits, vegetables and other natural ingredients. |
| How are Victorian women said to create rosy cheeks and lips | by pinching cheeks or biting lips to induce color |
| What happen to beauty during the 29th Century | Hollywood happened and trends where lead by celebrities |
| Who is Max Factor? | Cosmetic Maker who emigrated from Lodz Poland to the US and started selling makeup |
| what year did Max Factor move to US? | 1904 |
| what year did Max factor start selling makeup? | 1908 |
| Who invented a heavily wired machine that supplied electrical current to metal rods around which hair strands were wrapped? | Charles Nessler |
| What was invented October 8th 1906 | Charles Nessler Heavy machine for waves Nessler Machine |
| Who is Sarah Breedlove? | Madam C.J. Walker |
| Who is Marcel Grateau aka Francios Marcel? | Inventor of the 1st curling iron |
| What year was the first curling iron invented? | 1872 Marcel Grateau |
| What year was the electrical curling iron invented? | 1932 Marcel Grateau |
| Who developed the permanent wave machine, barbers clippers and a safety razor? | Marcel Grateau |
| What happened to the cosmetic industry during the 1920's? | it grow rapidly $390,000 in 1927 to $3.2 million in 1930 |
| When was the preheat perm method introduced? | 1931 |
| What is the Croquinole Method? | a method of waving the hair by curling it around metal rods from the ends inward toward the scalp |
| Who invented to 1st machineless permanent curl method? | Chemist Ralph L. Evans and Everett G. McDonough |
| Who invented Nail Polish? | Charles Revson of Revlon |
| what year was nail polish invented? | 1932 |
| What year was permanent hair color introduced? | 1932 |
| Who (person) made the 1st permanent hair color? | New York Chemist, Lawrence Gelb |
| Clairol was founded by who? | New York Chemist, Lawrence Gelb |
| When was the cold wave machine invented? | 1938 |
| Who invented the cold wave machine | Arnold F. Willatt |
| When did Max Factor create pancake makeup that looked like natural skin on color film? | 1935 |
| another method of permanent waving that used waving lotion was called what? | Perm Cold Wave |
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