It is the type of research characterized by the
usage of descriptive data mostly without
applying treatments to see the posttreatments.
DATA GATHERING TECHNIQUES
ETHNOGRAPHIES
The purpose of this is to provide a holistic description of cultural
patterns from an emic perspective.
CASE STUDIES
The purpose of this is to provide a detailed description of specific participants
and it is developed through periodic intervals for an extended period of time.
INTERVIEWS
This offers the researcher the opportunity to use structured, semistructured and
unstructured interviews that allow him to work with the group and acquire information
that surveys could not provide.
OBSERVATIONS
The purpose of this is to provide careful descriptions of learner's
activities without influencing their context.
DIARIES/JOURNALS
The purpose of this is to provide an inside perspective that can
complement the researcher's process.
ANALYZING QUALITATIVE
DATA
THE THREE STAGES OF
ANALYSIS.
COMPREHENSIVE
In this stage of aspects of a
chosen context are researched.
TOPIC
ORIENTED.
In this stage the topic has been clarified
through preliminary analysis and the data
collection becomes focused.
HYPOTHESIS ORIENTED
In this stage, the hypothesis are
created based on the data collected.
STRATEGIES
TRIANGULATION
THEORETICAL
Usage of multiple
perspectives to analyze the
same set of data
INVESTIGATOR
Usage of multiple
observers and
interviews
METHODOLOGICAL
Usage of multiple measures
and research methods to
analyze the same phenomena
THE ROLE OF QUANTIFICATION IN
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
Quantification can assuredly be helpful in the generation of hypotheses and
detection of patterns: It is specially important when presenting the results.
CHARACTERISTICS
Usage of rich detailed descriptions.
Usage of natural and holistic representation of the phenomena.
Few participants.
Emic perspectives
Cyclical and open-ended processes.
Possible ideological orientations
General and open-ended research questions.
EMIC VS ETIC
INTERPRETATION.
In the Emic interpretation the perspective and input of the participants is taken into
account while in Etic the researcher´s perspective is the one that is taken into account.
DISADVANTAGES OF QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
CREDIBILITY
Lack of naturality
of the
participants.
TRANSFERABILITY
Lack of similarity
on the context to
pass results
between contexts
CONFIRMABILITY
Lack of detailed
data.
DEPENDABILITY
Lack of
characterization of the
research context and
relationships among
the participants.