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The Biological Bases of Behaviour: The Nervous System
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Psych 104
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communication in the nervous system
organization of the nervous system
nervous tissue
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jadelee.gorst
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jadelee.gorst
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Resource summary
The Biological Bases of Behaviour: The Nervous System
Communication in the Nervous System
Nervous tissue: the Basic Hardware
Parts of the neuron: Cell body, dendrites, axon, myeln sheath, terminal buttons, synapse
Gila- cells that provide support to the neurons
Most of the work is done by the neurons
The Neural impulse: using energy to send information
The Neuron at rest: resting potential of a neuron is stable, negatively charged when cell is NOT active
Action Potential- travels along the neuron
The neural impulse is an all or none proposition
The Synapse: Where Neurons Meet
Sending signals: chemicals as Couriers
Neurons do not touch-seperated by the cleft
Receiving Signals: Postsynaptic potentials
Integrating signals: Neural networks- one message can be passed on to thousands of other neurons
Neurotransmitters and behaviour
Acetylcholine- activates motor neurons controlling skeletal muscles
Dopamine- contributes to control of voluntary movement, pleasurable emotions
Norepinephrine- modulation of mood and arousal
serotonin- regulation of sleep and wakefulness, eating, agression
GABA- distributed inhibitory transmitter
Glutamate- implicated in learning and memory
Endorphins- helps pain relief and pleasurable emotions
Organization of the Nervous system
The peripheral nervous system
The somatic nervous system: connect voluntary skeletal muscles and to sensory receptors
The Autonomic Nervous system: nerves that connect to the heart, blood vessels, smooth muscles, and glands
Sympathetic division- branch of autonomic nervous system that mobilizes the body's resources for emergencies
Parasympathetic division- the branch of the autonomic nervous system that generally conserves bodily resources
The Central Nervous System
Cerebrospinal fluid- nourishes the brain ad provides a cushion for it
Spinal cord: connects the brain to the rest of the body
Brain: fills the upper portion of the skull . makes a person talk, think, plan, remember, create and dream
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