Sniffing / snorting: known to damage
the inside lining of the nostrils,
damaging the nasal cavity and even
destroying the septum, the wall of
cartilage between the two nostrils
IV: can enter into the bloodstream
without any trouble, Scarring of the
veins, contaminated needles lead to
HIV & hepatitis
Swallowing: the substance will be
slowly absorbed through the stomach
lining resulting in effects which are
less extreme and therefore less
dangerous. Secondly, an individual’s
digestive system is designed to
induce vomiting if that person
ingests anything risky.
Mechanism
Misuse & abuse
Abuse:Is a patterned use of a drug in which
the user consumes the substance in
amounts or with methods which are
harmful to themselves or others
Addiction
how it
happens
tolerence & dependance
Dependence develops when
the neurons adapt to the
repeated drug exposure and
only function normally in the
presence of the drug.
When the drug is
withdrawn, several
physiologic reactions occur:
seizures, anxiety attacks,
aggression, nausea, muscle
spasms
Tolerance occurs when the person no
longer responds to the drug in the
way that person initially responded.
Stated another way, it takes a higher
dose of the drug to achieve the same
level of response achieved initially.
build up a resistance against the
effects of some drugs
factors
genetic
Enviromental
Craving: The compulsive
desire for more of a
substance or activity
why
risk factors
prevention
Screening for
prescription drug abuse
can be incorporated into
routine medical visits
listening to teenagers
and supporting them
set a good example as a
parent
when
puberty
risk factors
Family history of
addiction
having another
mental health
disorder
peer pressure
lack of family
involvement
physical
psychological
Mood Swings &
Tiredness
Self-consciousness
irritability & Anger
Anxiety
social
Seeking more
responsibility &
independence
Searching for
identity
Influenced by
friends
Looking for new
experiences
what
definition
substance use disorder, it is
the compulsive use of drugs
for non-medical reasons
than medical reasons
not able to control your drug
use and you may continue
using the drug despite the
harm it causes
withdrawal symptoms
examples
painkillers
sedatives
psychoactive polysubstance abuse
signs and symptoms
vital signs
physical examination
observing , palpating , tapping,
and auscultating to evaluate
the patient’s health
eyes
face
needle marks
skin
tests
Breath test
Hair test
Blood test
urine test
Saliva test
how it can
be treated
rehabiliation centers
Rehabilitation Services
Build patients personal
and self- confidence
Education Services
several prevention and
training program
preventing relapse
stick with treatment
plan
avoid high risk
situations
get help immediately if
you feel like ure
craving the drug
substituting
addiction
alcohol
effect on body
liver
detox
Regulates the balance of
many hormones.
Regulates body cholesterol.
Regulates the supply of
essential vitamins and
minerals such as iron and
copper.
Produces bile which
eliminates toxic substances
from the body and aids
digestion.
liver cirrhosis
headaches, blackouts, confusion
bad digestion
weak and fatty heart
metabolism
replace one addiction for another
during or after the recovery
process from their original
addiction in an attempt to
compensate for a perceived
“lack”—emotionally or
psychologically.
chronic users:
poly drug use: is
using two or
more drugs to
achieve specific
effect or extra
effect.
intoxication
accidents
more drug
dependency
A Drug is any
chemical substance
affects the way the
body works and it
has physiological
effects when ingested
or introduced into
the body.
Confidentiallity
make patients
feel comfortable
enough
providing any
and all relevant
information