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836902
Age of witness: Factors affecting the accuracy of children's EWT
Description
A-Levels Psychology A-Level AQA A (Unit 1 Memory) Mind Map on Age of witness: Factors affecting the accuracy of children's EWT, created by moeingthelawn on 06/05/2014.
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psychology
memory
aqa
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psychology a-level aqa a
unit 1 memory
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Mind Map by
moeingthelawn
, updated more than 1 year ago
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moeingthelawn
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Resource summary
Age of witness: Factors affecting the accuracy of children's EWT
ENCODING
CECI and BRUCK (1993)
Children lack appropriate schemas
Results in inaccurate recall of events
Difficult to encode event accurately
Adults' prior knowledge/expectations due to schemas may sometimes cause them to imagine things that were actually not present
STORAGE
Annotations:
As time between encoding and retrieval increases, recall and recognition declines in both adults and children.
THOMSON (1988)
The longer the interval between encoding and retrieval, the higher are the chances of inaccurate details provided by children compared to adults
Type of information
Descriptions of people seem to be less accurately reported than details of actions
RETRIEVAL
Children omit more information than adults
Non-suggestive cues can help elicit accurateinformation
SAYWITZ (1987)
When asked leading questions, they are more likely than adults to give the answer implied by the question
GOODMAN and REED (1986)
Misleading questions: Questions that wrongly imply that something has happened
Children will eventually incorporate misleading information if given repeatedly
LEICHTMAN and CECI (1995)
CECI and BRUCK (1993): Factors that can affect children's EWT
Interviewer bias
Annotations:
- interviewer has fixed about about what really happened - use leading questions to try to get the child to confirm their bias
Repeated questions
Annotations:
- more likely to change answers if same question is repeated
Stereotype induction
Annotations:
- person has previously been described as bad - children may assume and report negative things about the person
Encouragement to imagine and visualize
Annotations:
- children may 'remember' events that never actually happened if they are encouraged too much to think about the event - pressure to give an answer?
Peer pressure
Annotations:
- children may incorporate events into their own memories that others have told them about
Authority figures
Annotations:
- desire to please authority figure - more susceptible to misleading information
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