biology 5-9

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5.Respiration

Respiration is the release of energy from food

Aerobic respiration needs oxygen to release energy from food

The equation for aerobic respiration is:

food+oxygen---> energy + carbon dioxide + water vapour

Carbon dioxide turns limewater milky

Cobalt chloride turns pink in the presence of water

Exercise increases the rate of breathing in order to

supply extra oxygen

Remove the extra waste products formed during increased respiration

Respiration is the release of energy from glucose. Breathing involves taking gases in and out of the body.

The parts and functions of the breathing system:

the nose cleans, warms and moistens air

the trachea (windpipe) allows air to pass to and from the lungs

the bronchi allow air to pass to and from the trachea

the bronchioles allow air to pass to and from the alveoli

the alveoli allow gas exchange

the diaphragm and intercostal muscles cause air to move in or out of the lungs

In the lungs:

oxygen passes from the alveoli into the blood

carbon dioxide and water pass from the blood into the alveoli

Smoking damages health by:

clogging hairs in the nose

increasing mucous in the breathing system

increasing the risk of lung infections and cancers

increasing the risk of heart attacks

damaging the growth of a baby in the womb