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Clinical Pharmacology Final MCQs- 5th Year PMU

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Clinical Pharmacology Final MCQs- 5th Year PMU
Med Student
Quiz by Med Student , updated more than 1 year ago
Med Student
Created by Med Student almost 5 years ago
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Question 1

Question
Drugs half-life is an index for
Answer
  • the route of administration of the drug
  • the duration of the drug effect when there is a relationship between it and plasma concentrations
  • time to reach steady-state plasma concentration after repeated administration
  • determination of dose interval

Question 2

Question
Irrational ready-made drug formulations contain
Answer
  • drugs withdifferent half-life
  • drugs for etiotropic and symptomatic treatment
  • drugs with narrow therapeutic window
  • drugs affecting different pathogenic mechanisms

Question 3

Question
Drug surveillance is done by
Answer
  • spontaneous reporting
  • observation studies
  • family doctors
  • population statistics

Question 4

Question
Adverse drug reactions are the following types
Answer
  • augmented
  • bizarre
  • chronic
  • delayed

Question 5

Question
Drugs contraindicated in the first half of pregnancy are
Answer
  • Erythromycin
  • Sex steroids
  • Penicillins
  • Oral anticoagulants

Question 6

Question
For pharmacokinetics in elderly is true
Answer
  • decreased excretion
  • decreased metabolism
  • decreased volume of distribution
  • increased volume of distribution

Question 7

Question
Reasons for inadequate pharmaceutical availability are
Answer
  • chronic renal failure
  • improper use of the drug formulation
  • bad quality of the drug substance
  • participating in treatment

Question 8

Question
First phase of clinical trial can be determinated as
Answer
  • first application of a new substance to healthy volunteers
  • first application of a new substance to patients
  • efficacy and safety in a large number of patients
  • post-marketing surveillance in thousands of patients

Question 9

Question
Monitoring of therapeutic plasma concentrations is necessary for
Answer
  • theophyllin
  • phenobarbital
  • carbamazepin
  • amoxicillin

Question 10

Question
Pharmacogenetic differences lead to
Answer
  • decreased effect
  • increased effect
  • development of adverse drug reactions
  • avitaminosis

Question 11

Question
Placebo is
Answer
  • allergic drug reaction
  • drug form, without active substance
  • method for treatment of acute pain
  • drug tolerance

Question 12

Question
Nocebo effect is
Answer
  • Allergic drug reaction
  • Analgesic method
  • Adverse drug reaction, caused by placebo
  • CNS depression

Question 13

Question
When patient and doctor are aware of the contents of the formulation, the trial is defined as
Answer
  • open trial
  • blind trial
  • placebo trial
  • double blind trial

Question 14

Question
Binding of drugs with plasma proteins is important for
Answer
  • half- life
  • drugs interactions
  • bioavailabillity
  • the value of the pharmacological effect

Question 15

Question
Adverse drug reactions lead to
Answer
  • increased pharmacological effect
  • decreased risk of toxicity
  • decreased efficacy of the treatment
  • development of unpredictable drug effects

Question 16

Question
Tobacco smoking
Answer
  • increases drugs metabolism
  • decreases drug metabolism
  • decreases plasma concentrations of methylxanthines
  • doesn’t change drugs metabolism

Question 17

Question
Categories of ADRs are
Answer
  • certain
  • probable
  • possible
  • unlikely

Question 18

Question
Therapeutic drug monitoring is
Answer
  • method for neuroleptanalgesy
  • used, when there is relationship between plasma concentrations and drug effect
  • used for drugs with narrow therapeutic window
  • used for drugs with long half- live

Question 19

Question
Third phase of clinical trial can be determinated as
Answer
  • first application of a new substance to healthy volunteers
  • first application of a new substance to patients
  • efficacy and safety in a large number of patients
  • post-marketing surveillance in thou-sands of patients

Question 20

Question
Clearence is an index for
Answer
  • drugs excretion
  • determination of maintaining dose of the drugs
  • drugs absorption
  • effects of the drugs on the heart

Question 21

Question
Adverse drug reactions of methylxanthines are
Answer
  • arrhythmias
  • headache, fatigue, seizures
  • decreased diuresis
  • bradycardia

Question 22

Question
Bronchodilators are
Answer
  • Antimuscarinic drugs
  • β2-mimetics
  • Methylxanthines
  • H2-blockers

Question 23

Question
Drugs, used for treatment of chronic heart failure are
Answer
  • Cardiac glycosides
  • ACE- inhibitors
  • Calcium channel blockers
  • Diuretics

Question 24

Question
Diuretics, used in chronic liver failure are
Answer
  • osmotic diuretics
  • thiazide diuretics
  • loop diuretics
  • aldosterone antagonists

Question 25

Question
Anti-angina effect of β-blockers is due to
Answer
  • bradycardic effect
  • coronary vessels dilation
  • reduced oxygen demand of the heart
  • inhibition of platelet aggregation

Question 26

Question
Adverse drug reactions of dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonists are
Answer
  • tachycardia
  • bradycardia
  • swelling of ankles
  • flushing and headache

Question 27

Question
Withdrawal syndrome is observed in treatment with
Answer
  • Calcium channel blockers
  • β-blockers
  • Organic nitrates
  • Metabolotropic drugs

Question 28

Question
Drugs preferred for treatment of hypertensive crisis are
Answer
  • Furosemide
  • Clonidine
  • Nitroprusside
  • Pindolol

Question 29

Question
Which are the main drug groups for treatment of ulcer disease
Answer
  • antacids drugs
  • anti-secretion drugs
  • gastro-duodenal protectors
  • drugs against HP infections

Question 30

Question
Which are non-absorbent antacid drugs
Answer
  • sodium salts
  • calcium salts
  • aluminium salts
  • magnesium salts

Question 31

Question
Point out the correct statement for opioid analgesics
Answer
  • binds to specific opioid receptors
  • cause dependence and abuse
  • in high doses suppress the respiratory center
  • showed withdrawal in long term therapy

Question 32

Question
Which are the therapeutic effects of NSAIDs
Answer
  • analgesic
  • antipyretic
  • anti-inflammatory
  • cough suppressants

Question 33

Question
In patients with Gram (-) infections are preferred
Answer
  • Ureidopenicillins
  • Narrow spectrum penicillins
  • Macrolides
  • First generation cephalosporins

Question 34

Question
Antimicrobial drugs with renal excretion are
Answer
  • Penicillins
  • Quinolones
  • Macrolides
  • Aminoglycosides

Question 35

Question
Surrogates in rational pharmacotherapy are
Answer
  • clinical- laboratory indexes
  • instrumental investigations - ECG: EMG; MRT etc
  • disease improvement
  • decreased mortality rate

Question 36

Question
Pharmacodynamic changes in elderly are
Answer
  • increased sensitivity to drugs suppressing central nervous system
  • decreased sensitivity to drugs suppressing central nervous system
  • paradoxal reactions are observed
  • adverse drug reactions are more frequent

Question 37

Question
Steady-state plasma concentration is
Answer
  • blood concentration of the drug 2 hours after administration
  • blood concentration of the drug after repeated administration when there is a balance between absorbtion and excretion
  • blood concentration of the drug after it has been ceased
  • blood concentration of the drug during its absorbtion

Question 38

Question
Bad compliance of the patient may be due to
Answer
  • dose regimen with many drugs with frequent administration
  • a large number of drugs
  • lack of information for the treatment
  • the drug must be taken once daily

Question 39

Question
Fourth phase of clinical trial can be determinated as
Answer
  • first application of a new substance to healthy volunteers
  • first application of a new substance to patients
  • efficacy and safety in a large number of patients
  • post-marketing surveillance in thousands of patients

Question 40

Question
Drugs clearance is
Answer
  • amount of drug, that reaches systemic circulation
  • blood plasma volume from which the drug is eliminated for defined period of time
  • steady- state plasma concentration
  • withdrawal syndrome

Question 41

Question
β2-mimetics are contraindicated for patients with
Answer
  • diabetes
  • bradycardia
  • thyreotoxicosis
  • hypertension

Question 42

Question
Pethidine is indicated for
Answer
  • strong acute pain as some crisis
  • chronic pain in cancer patients
  • toothache
  • headache

Question 43

Question
The main mechanism of action of NSAIDs is
Answer
  • inhibition of COX enzymes
  • inhibition of phosphodiesterase
  • bind to dopamine receptors
  • bind to opioid receptors

Question 44

Question
The antibiotics of choice for patients with immune deficits are
Answer
  • bactericidal
  • bacteriostatic
  • carbapenemes
  • glycopeptides

Question 45

Question
Corticosteroids for systemic application are
Answer
  • Prednisone
  • Budesonide
  • Methylprednisolone
  • Prednisolone

Question 46

Question
The therapy of cardiac failure should starts
Answer
  • As earlier as having diagnose
  • ACE inhibitors are recommended as first line drugs
  • The very low doses are preferred
  • Start with high doses

Question 47

Question
The most often ADRs of β-blockers are
Answer
  • Tiredness
  • Bradycardia
  • AV block
  • Hypertension

Question 48

Question
For treatment of Prinzmetal angina are used
Answer
  • propranolol
  • diltiazem
  • verapamil
  • furosemide

Question 49

Question
Adverse drug reactions of ACE inhibitors are
Answer
  • angioedema
  • dry cough
  • hyperlipidemia
  • hyperglycemia

Question 50

Question
Mechanism of antihypertensive drugs are
Answer
  • decrease of blood volume
  • decreased sensitivity of vessels to vasoconstrictors
  • reduced activity of renin-angiotensin system
  • decreased peripheral vascular tone

Question 51

Question
Proton pump inhibitors are
Answer
  • Omeprazole
  • Rabeprazole
  • Mizoprostol
  • Lansoprazole

Question 52

Question
Gastrointestinal mucosa protectors are
Answer
  • Sucralphate
  • Misoprostol
  • Probiotics
  • Colloidal bismuths salts

Question 53

Question
Opioid analgesics are suitable for treatment of
Answer
  • traumatic shock
  • acute myocardial infarction
  • malignant pain
  • neuropathic pain

Question 54

Question
Which are the indications for prescribing NSAIDs
Answer
  • arthritis
  • toothache
  • radiculitis
  • neuropathic pain

Question 55

Question
Triptans are used for treatment of
Answer
  • acute migraine
  • prevention of migraine
  • cancer pain
  • allergies

Question 56

Question
Antimicrobial drugs for hepato-biliary infections are
Answer
  • Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
  • Gentamycin
  • Rifampicin (Tubocin)
  • Doxyxyclin (Vibramycin)

Question 57

Question
Adverse drug reactions of aminoglycosides are
Answer
  • ototoxicity
  • nephrotoxicity
  • gastrointestinal problems
  • liver toxicity

Question 58

Question
Indications for using cardiac glycosides in the therapy of congestive heart failure are
Answer
  • early stage of chronic cardiac failure
  • heavy CCF
  • supra-ventricular fibrillations
  • decrease the mortality rate

Question 59

Question
Adverse drug reactions of non-dihyropyridine calcium channel antagonists are
Answer
  • tachycardia
  • bradycardia
  • constipation
  • heart failure

Question 60

Question
Anti-angina effects of organic nitrates is done by
Answer
  • decreased preload of the heart
  • improved oxygen supply
  • reduced afterload of the heart
  • dilation of coronary vessels

Question 61

Question
Typical for mixed type of insomnia are the following features
Answer
  • the difficulties to fall asleep
  • easy fall asleep
  • awakening during the night
  • early awake

Question 62

Question
Which of the following β2-mimetics are used as controllers
Answer
  • Salbutamol
  • Salmeterol
  • Seretide
  • Terbutaline

Question 63

Question
The quality of therapeutic decision (outcomes) can be measured by
Answer
  • clinical outcomes
  • costs — direct and indirect
  • functional status pf patient
  • overall patient satisfaction

Question 64

Question
Method of evaluation of cost/benefits ration are
Answer
  • cost minimization analysis
  • cost effectiveness analysis
  • cost utility analysis
  • cost consequence analysis

Question 65

Question
Diuretics are combined with which of the drugs for treatment of cardiac failure
Answer
  • ACE inhibitors
  • Cardiac glycosides
  • β-blockers
  • Organic nitrates

Question 66

Question
β2-mimetics should not be combined with
Answer
  • Corticosteroids
  • β-blockers
  • Leukotriene inhibitors
  • MAO inhibitors

Question 67

Question
Methylxanthines should not be combined with
Answer
  • Diuretics
  • β2-mimetics
  • Corticosteroids
  • Leukotriene antagonists

Question 68

Question
Characteristic feature of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) are
Answer
  • good tolerability
  • better compliance
  • complex hemodynamic improving effect
  • less tolerated and low compliance in comparison with ACE inhibitors

Question 69

Question
Antianginal drugs are
Answer
  • Cardiac glycosides
  • β-blockers
  • Organic nitrates
  • Calcium channel blockers

Question 70

Question
Antihypertensive drugs are
Answer
  • Diuretics
  • ACE inhibitors
  • Angiotensin receptor blockers
  • β-blockers

Question 71

Question
Adverse drug reactions of salt losing diuretics are
Answer
  • hyperglycemia
  • hyperuricemia
  • hypopotassiemia
  • hyperpotassiamia

Question 72

Question
Well known drug interactions of proton pump inhibitors are
Answer
  • decreased absorption of some antibiotics as tetracyclines, isoniazid, ciprofloxacin
  • decreased absorption of some drugs as digoxin, quinidine, theophylline, NSAIDs
  • increased absorption of some antibiotics as tetracyclines, isoniazid, ciprofloxacin
  • increased absorption of other drugs as digoxin, quinidine, theophylline, warfarin

Question 73

Question
Contraindicated during pregnancy or breast feedings drugs are
Answer
  • Bismuth salts
  • Misoprostol
  • Proton pump inhibitors
  • Antacid drugs

Question 74

Question
In which cases step-wise pain killing approach is used
Answer
  • patients with cancer pain
  • patients with crisis
  • patients with toothache
  • patients with headache

Question 75

Question
Which are the ADRs of NSAIDs the selective COX-2 inhibitors
Answer
  • cardio-toxicity
  • epidermal necrolysis
  • peptic ulcer
  • depressed fertility

Question 76

Question
Adverse drug reactions of triptans are
Answer
  • sleepiness
  • fatigue and dizziness
  • hyperglycemia
  • paresthesias

Question 77

Question
In patients with Gram (+) infections are preferred
Answer
  • Ureidopenicillins
  • Narrow spectrum penicillins
  • Macrolides
  • First generation cephalosporins

Question 78

Question
Adverse drug reactions of tetracyclines are
Answer
  • liver damage
  • ototoxicity
  • nephrotoxicity
  • teeth and bone damage

Question 79

Question
Adverse drug reactions of quinolones are
Answer
  • gastro-intestinal
  • damage of the joints
  • increase of intraocular pressure
  • provoke seizures in patients with epilepsy

Question 80

Question
Mechanisms of drug interactions are
Answer
  • unpredictable
  • pharmacokinetic
  • pharmacodynamic
  • pharmaceutical

Question 81

Question
Pharmacokinetic defects are
Answer
  • acetylation
  • oxidation
  • hydrolysis
  • red cells enzyme defects

Question 82

Question
Adverse drug reactions of β2-mimetics are
Answer
  • tachycardia
  • hyperglycemia
  • hypoglycemia
  • headache

Question 83

Question
For treatment of stable angina are preferred
Answer
  • Calcium channel blockers
  • Organic nitrates
  • Diuretics
  • β-blockers

Question 84

Question
Adverse drug reactions of nitrates used for acute attacks are
Answer
  • tachycardia
  • tolerance
  • hypertension
  • headache and flushing

Question 85

Question
Which are contraindications for NSAIDs non-selective COX inhibitors
Answer
  • asthma
  • peptic ulcer
  • liver insufficiency
  • kidney insufficiency

Question 86

Question
The benzodiazepines and some barbiturates exert the following ADRs
Answer
  • hypertension
  • drug tolerance and dependence
  • slowed reflex time and myorelaxation
  • morning sleepiness for the drugs which form active metabolites

Question 87

Question
Which of the following drugs are used to treat headache
Answer
  • Beta-blockers
  • Triptans
  • Opioid analgesics
  • NSAIDs

Question 88

Question
The rational drug combinations for treatment of headache are between the following drugs
Answer
  • NSAIDs and spasmolytics
  • NSAIDs and coffein
  • Opioid analgesics and NSAIDs
  • Analgesics and calcium channel antagonists

Question 89

Question
Quinolones are contraindicated for
Answer
  • pregnant women
  • breast feeding mothers
  • children under 12 years of age
  • patients with kidney failure

Question 90

Question
Adverse drug reactions of sulfonamides are
Answer
  • bone-marrow suppression
  • allergy
  • kidney damage in high doses
  • heart failure

Question 91

Question
Metabolic effects of glucocortcosteroids are
Answer
  • hypoglycemia
  • hyperglycemia
  • reduced calcium absorption
  • increased protein catabolism

Question 92

Question
Drugs decreasing myocardial hypertrophy are
Answer
  • β-blockers
  • Angiotensin receptors blockers
  • Diuretics
  • α-blockers

Question 93

Question
Rational drug combinations for treatment of hypertension are
Answer
  • β-blocker + α-blocker
  • β-blocker + diuretic
  • α-blocker + ACE inhibitor
  • Calcium channel antagonists + Diuretic

Question 94

Question
Adverse drug reactions of α1-blockers are
Answer
  • tachycardia
  • flush syndrome
  • dry mouth
  • orthostatic hypotension

Question 95

Question
Opioid analgesics are suitable for treatment of
Answer
  • traumatic shock
  • acute myocardial infarction
  • malignant pain
  • neuropathic pain

Question 96

Question
Which corticosteroids are used by inhalation in asthma attacks
Answer
  • Budesonide
  • Dexamethasone
  • Fluticasone
  • Beclomethasone

Question 97

Question
Antihypertensive drugs with direct vasodilating effects are
Answer
  • Diazoxide
  • Nitroprusside
  • Propranolol
  • Methyldopa

Question 98

Question
Antihypertensive drugs are
Answer
  • α2-agonists
  • α1-blockers
  • M-cholinolytics
  • Antihistamine drugs

Question 99

Question
Which are anti-secretion drugs
Answer
  • Proton pump inhibitors
  • H2-histamine blockers in stomach mucosa
  • M3-cholinergic blockers in stomach mucosa cells
  • COX inhibitors

Question 100

Question
Which drugs are used for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infections
Answer
  • proton pump inhibitors
  • colloidal bismuthi salts
  • histamine blockers
  • antibacterial drugs
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