Basic Principles of Clinical Pharmacology- 5th Year PMU

Description

Basic Principles of Clinical Pharmacology- 5th Year PMU
Med Student
Quiz by Med Student , updated more than 1 year ago
Med Student
Created by Med Student almost 5 years ago
181
8

Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Placebo is
Answer
  • allergic drug reaction
  • drug form, without active substance
  • method for treatment of acute pain
  • drug tolerance

Question 2

Question
Tobacco smoking
Answer
  • increases drugs metabolism
  • decreases drug metabolism
  • decreases plasma concentrations of methylxanthines
  • doesn’ t change drugs metabolism

Question 3

Question
Nocebo effect is
Answer
  • Allergic drug reaction
  • Analgesic method
  • Adverse drug reaction, caused by placebo
  • CNS depression

Question 4

Question
When patient and doctor are aware of the contents of the formulation, the trial is defined as
Answer
  • open trial
  • blind trial
  • placebo trial
  • double-blind trial

Question 5

Question
Surrogates in rational pharmacotherapy are
Answer
  • clinical- laboratory indexes
  • instrumental investigations - ECG; EMG; MRT etc
  • disease improvement
  • decreased mortality rate

Question 6

Question
Pharmacodynamic changes in elderly are
Answer
  • increased sensitivity to drugs suppressing central nervous system
  • decreased sensitivity to drugs suppressing central nervous system
  • paradoxal reactions are observed
  • adverse drug reactions are more frequent

Question 7

Question
Steady-state plasma concentration is
Answer
  • blood concentration of the drug 2 hours after administration
  • blood concentration of the drug after repeated administration when there is a balance between absorption and excretion
  • blood concentration of the drug after it has been ceased
  • blood concentration of the drug during its absorption

Question 8

Question
Drugs half-life is an index for
Answer
  • the route of administration of the drug
  • the duration of the drug effect when there is a relationship between it and plasma concentrations
  • time to reach steady-state plasma concentration after repeated administration
  • determination of dose interval

Question 9

Question
Drugs contraindicated in the first half of pregnancy are
Answer
  • Erythromycin
  • Sex steroids
  • Penicillins
  • Oral anticoagulants

Question 10

Question
For pharmacokinetics in elderly is true
Answer
  • decreased excretion
  • decreased metabolism
  • decreased volume of distribution
  • increased volume of distribution

Question 11

Question
Reasons for inadequate pharmaceutical availability are
Answer
  • chronic renal failure
  • improper use of the drug formulation
  • bad quality of the drug substance
  • participating in treatment

Question 12

Question
Categories of ADRs are
Answer
  • certain
  • probable
  • possible
  • unlikely

Question 13

Question
Therapeutic drug monitoring is
Answer
  • method for neuroleptanalgesy
  • used when there is relationship between plasma concentrations and drug effect
  • used for drugs with narrow therapeutic window
  • used for drugs with long half- live

Question 14

Question
Irrational ready-made drug formulations contain
Answer
  • drugs with different half-life
  • drugs for ethiotropic and symptomatic treatment
  • drugs with narrow therapeutic window
  • drugs affecting different pathogenic mechanisms

Question 15

Question
First phase of clinical trial can be determinated as
Answer
  • first application of a new substance to healthy volunteers
  • first application of a new substance to patients
  • efficacy and safety in a large number of patients
  • post-marketing surveillance in thousands of patients

Question 16

Question
Binding of drugs with plasma proteins is important for
Answer
  • half- life
  • drugs interactions
  • bioavailabillity
  • the value of the pharmacological effect

Question 17

Question
Adverse drug reactions lead to
Answer
  • increased pharmacological effect
  • decreased risk of toxicity
  • decreased efficacy of the treatment
  • developement of unpredictable drug effects

Question 18

Question
Bad compliance of the patient may be due to
Answer
  • dose regimen with many drugs with frequent administration
  • a large number of drugs
  • lack of information for the treatment
  • the drug must be taken once daily

Question 19

Question
Fourth phase of clinical trial can be determinated as
Answer
  • first application of a new substance to healthy volunteers
  • first application of a new substance to patients
  • efficacy and safety in a large number of patients
  • post-marketing surveillance in thousands of patients

Question 20

Question
Drugs clearance is
Answer
  • Amount of drug, that reaches systemic circulation
  • Blood plasma volume from which the drug is eliminated for defined period of time
  • Steady- state plasma concentration
  • Withdrawal syndrome

Question 21

Question
Monitoring of therapeutic plasma concentrations is necessary for
Answer
  • theophyllin
  • phenobarbital
  • carbamazepin
  • amoxicillin

Question 22

Question
Third phase of clinical trial can be determinated as
Answer
  • first application of a new substance to healthy volunteers
  • first application of a new substance to patients
  • efficacy and safety in a large number of patients
  • post-marketing surveillance in thousands of patients

Question 23

Question
Clearance is an index for
Answer
  • drugs excretion
  • determination of mantaining dose of the drugs
  • drugs absorbtion
  • effects of the drugs on the heart

Question 24

Question
Pharmacogenetic differences lead to
Answer
  • decreased effect
  • increased effect
  • development of adverse drug reactions
  • avitaminosis

Question 25

Question
Drug surveillance is done by
Answer
  • spontaneous reporting
  • observation studies
  • family doctors
  • population statistics

Question 26

Question
Adverse drug reactions are the following types
Answer
  • augmented
  • bizarre
  • chronic
  • delayed

Question 27

Question
Mechanisms of drug interactions are
Answer
  • unpredictable
  • pharmacokinetic
  • pharmacodynamic
  • pharmaceutical

Question 28

Question
The quality of therapeutic decision (outcomes) can be measured by
Answer
  • clinical outcomes
  • costs — direct and indirect
  • functional status pf patient
  • overall patient satisfaction

Question 29

Question
Method of evaluation of cost/benefits ration are
Answer
  • cost minimization analysis
  • cost effectiveness analysis
  • cost utility analysis
  • cost consequence analysis

Question 30

Question
Drug metabolism involving some enzyme defects includes the following reactions
Answer
  • acetylation
  • oxidation
  • hydrolysis
  • red cells enzyme defects

Question 31

Question
The reasons for drug abuse are
Answer
  • relief of anxiety, tension and depression
  • entertainment, fun
  • improvement of performance in competitive sports
  • conformity with own social subgroup

Question 32

Question
How many types of dependence do you know?
Answer
  • psychological
  • physical (physiological)
  • acute
  • chronic

Question 33

Question
Which pharmacological drug groups cause drug dependence and tolerance?
Answer
  • Opioid analgesics
  • Antidepressants
  • CNS stimulants
  • Benzodiazepines

Question 34

Question
The neuropharmacological mechanisms of drug addiction are
Answer
  • activation of endogenous opiate encephalin receptors
  • activation of μ-opioid receptors in the brain
  • activation of cannabinoid receptors (CB1) in the hypothalamus
  • increase of glutamate release in the brain cortex

Question 35

Question
Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome is characterized by
Answer
  • it develops after 6-weeks of treatment
  • it develops after 2 weeks of treatment
  • psychological symptoms — anxiety, agitation, insomnia, seizures
  • physical symptoms — nausea, vomiting, muscle pain, ataxia

Question 36

Question
Opioid (heroin, morphine) withdrawal syndrome is characterized by
Answer
  • begins 8 hours after last dose
  • the peak is between 36-72 h
  • first physical symptoms are lacrimation, rhinorrhea and sweating
  • abdominal cramps, diarrhoea, bone and muscle pain, weakness and chills

Question 37

Question
Why is methadone used for treatment of opioid-dependence?
Answer
  • it is taken orally
  • it is applied intravenously
  • has prolonged action
  • has short-action
Show full summary Hide full summary

Similar

Infectious Diseases Final MCQs- 5th Year PMU
Med Student
Oncology Final MCQs 1- 5th Year PMU
Med Student
Dermatology Final MCQs 3- 5th Year PMU
Med Student
Clinical Pharmacology Final MCQs- 5th Year PMU
Med Student
Epidemiology Test 1- 5th Year PMU
Med Student
Respiratory Disorders Clinical Pharmacology- 5th Year PMU
Med Student
Pain and Some Neurological Disorders- Clinical Pharmacology 5th Year PMU
Med Student
Cell Physiology and General Physiology of Excitable Tissues- Physiology PMU 2nd Year
Med Student
General Physiology of the Nervous System Physiology PMU 2nd Year
Med Student
Blood MCQs Physiology PMU 2nd Year
Med Student
General Pathoanatomy Final MCQs (111-200)- 3rd Year- PMU
Med Student