Question 1
Question
This phase of the cardiac cycle produces the S2 sound.
Question 2
Question
Which center of the brain is responsible for modulating the cardiac pacemaker and renal vasodilation?
Answer
-
Hypothalamus
-
Posterior pituitary
-
Medulla
-
Pons
Question 3
Question
An increase in which of the following values will make blood LESS turbulent?
Answer
-
Density of blood
-
Diameter of vessel
-
Velocity of blood
-
Viscosity of blood
Question 4
Question
Which of the following ions is responsible for the rapid depolarizing phase of the action potential in the SA node and AV node?
Question 5
Question
Which of the following would result in vascular smooth muscle contraction?
Answer
-
Decreased [Ca++]
-
Increased [cAMP]
-
Increased [cGMP]
-
Endothelin
Question 6
Question
Which of the following muscarinic receptor subtypes is located in the heart?
Question 7
Question
This phase of the cardiac cycle is when the S1 sound is heard.
Answer
-
Isovolumetric ventricular contraction
-
Rapid ejection
-
Reduced ejection
-
Isovolumetric relaxation
-
Rapid ventricular filling
-
Reduced ventricular filling
Question 8
Question
The sympathetic anatomic pathway causes a tachycardic effector response via norepinephrine binding to which receptor?
Answer
-
alpha1
-
alpha2
-
beta1
-
beta2
Question 9
Question
Which of the following as the greatest affinity for alpha 1 receptors?
Answer
-
Acetylcholine
-
Norepinephrine
-
Epinephrine
-
Isoproterenol
Question 10
Question
Which of the following has the largest internal radius?
Answer
-
Vena cava
-
Aorta
-
Small arteries
-
Arterioles
-
Capillaries
Question 11
Question
Which of the following statements concerning the sympathetic nervous system is TRUE?
Answer
-
Most preganglionic sympathetic axons are unmyelinated
-
The chain of sympathetic ganglia extends from the upper neck (C2-3) to the coccyx
-
The postganglionic axons rejoin the spinal nerves via the white rami communicantes
-
Sympathetic preganglionic axons release acetylcholine to activate muscarinic receptors.
-
Preganglionic sympathetic cell bodies are located within the ventral horn
Question 12
Question
Which adrenergic receptor is commonly found in the heart, salivary glands, adipose tissue and kidney?
Answer
-
alpha1
-
alpha2
-
beta1
-
beta2
Question 13
Question
S4 corresponds to?
Answer
-
Closure of mitral and tricuspid valves
-
Closure of aortic and pulmonary valves
-
Opening of stenotic mitral valve
-
Diastolic filling gallop or ventricular or protodiastolic gallup
-
Atrial sound that creates an atrial or presystolic gallup
Question 14
Question
Which of the following would you expect if the diameter of vessel was decreased?
Question 15
Question
All preganglionic neurons whether sympathetic or parasympathetic release acetylcholine to stimulate which type of receptor?
Answer
-
M1 type muscarinic receptors
-
M2 type muscarinic receptors
-
M3 type muscarinic receptors
-
N1 type nicotinic receptors
-
N2 type nicotinic receptors
Question 16
Question
Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers originating in S2-S4 exit the spinal cord through the which region?
Answer
-
Dorsal roots
-
Ventral roots
-
Intermediolateral column
-
Medial column
Question 17
Question
Which of the following is not a sensory input of the autonomic nervous system?
Answer
-
Mechanoreceptors
-
Chemoreceptors
-
Golgi tendon organs
-
Nociceptors
Question 18
Question
Vasoconstriction in most blood vessels such as skin is produced from norepinephrine binding to which receptor?
Answer
-
alpha1
-
Alpha2
-
beta1
-
beta2
Question 19
Question
Where is the highest resistance to blood flow found?
Answer
-
Arteries
-
Arterioles
-
Capillaries
-
Venules
-
Veins
Question 20
Question
Where is the Na+ current not found?
Answer
-
SA node
-
Purkinje fibers
-
Atrial muscle
-
Ventricular muscle
Question 21
Question
The vagus nerve is the name for which cranial nerve?
Question 22
Question
Which of the following has the greatest affinity for beta 1 and beta 2 receptors?
Answer
-
Isoprotenerol
-
Epinephrine
-
Norepinephrine
-
Acetylcholine
Question 23
Question
S3 corresponds to?
Answer
-
Closure of mitral and tricuspid valves
-
Closure of aortic and pulmonary valves
-
Opening of a stenotic mitral valve
-
Diastolic filling gallup or ventricular or Ignore gallop
-
Atrial sound that creates and atrial or presystolic gallop
Question 24
Question
Which of the following has the smallest aggregate cross-sectional area.
Answer
-
Vena cava
-
Aorta
-
Small arteries
-
Arterioles
-
Capillaries
Question 25
Question
What adrenergic receptor would you expect to find on arterioles that when activated cause constriction of smooth muscle reducing the vessel diameter?
Answer
-
Alpha1
-
Alpha2
-
Beta1
-
Beta2
Question 26
Question
What is the largest current in the heart?
Question 27
Question
Which of the following cranial nerves is not a component of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Question 28
Question
Which of the following receptor types are inotropic?
Answer
-
Nicotinic
-
Muscarinic
-
Adrenergic
Question 29
Question
Mean linear velocity is greatest in which of the following types of vessels?
Answer
-
Vena cava
-
Aorta
-
Small arteries
-
Arterioles
-
Capillaries
Question 30
Question
The mechanism of action for this receptor involves inhibiting adenylyl cyclase , decreasing cAMP.
Answer
-
Alpha1
-
Alpha2
-
beta1
-
Beta2
Question 31
Question
Which of the following is innervated by the parasympathetic nervous system?
Question 32
Question
An opening snap corresponds to.
Answer
-
Closure of aortic and pulmonary valves
-
Closure of mitral and tricuspid valves
-
Opening of a stenotic mitral valve
-
Diastolic filling gallop or ventriculoar protosystodiastolic gallop
Question 33
Question
Which of the following organs are innervated by the sympathetic chain ganglion instead of a pre-vetebral plexus ganglion?
Answer
-
Gallbladder
-
Liver
-
Large intestine
-
Heart
-
Bladder
Question 34
Question
In the circulatory system, where is the greatest decrease in pressure found?
Answer
-
Capillaries
-
Arterioles
-
Venules
-
Arteries
-
Veins
Question 35
Question
Which of the following is responsible for the rapid depolarizing phase of the action potential in the atrial and ventricular muscle and in Purkinje fibers?
Question 36
Question
Which of the following receptors involves IP3 increasing intracellular Ca++?
Answer
-
Alpha1
-
Alpha2
-
Beta1
-
Beta2