PHSI3011 11-1 The Role of Muscle in Metabolism

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PHSI3011 11-1 The Role of Muscle in Metabolism
Michael Jardine
Test por Michael Jardine, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Michael Jardine
Creado por Michael Jardine hace casi 7 años
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Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta 1

Pregunta
Which of the following are sources of glucose (that end up in the blood, then onwards)?
Respuesta
  • Liver
  • Diet
  • Adipose tissue
  • Lungs

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
Fatty Acids can only be used in [blank_start]__________[blank_end] metabolism.
Respuesta
  • Aerobic
  • Anaerobic
  • Intrinsic
  • Extrinsic

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
Lactic acid from [blank_start]__________[blank_end] metabolism can be converted to [blank_start]__________[blank_end] by the [blank_start]__________[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • Anaerobic
  • Aerobic
  • Liver
  • Adipose Tissue
  • Lungs
  • Muscle Fibre
  • Blood
  • Glucose
  • Glycogen
  • Glucagon
  • Fatty Acids
  • Liver
  • Muscle Fibres
  • Blood
  • Anaerobes
  • Gut
  • Lungs

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
Skeletal Muscle released endocrine signals in the form of:
Respuesta
  • Myokines
  • Myometabolites
  • Other muscle-derived signals
  • Adipokines
  • Adipometabolites
  • Neutrophils

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
Endocrine signals released from Skeletal Muscle can go to which of the following:
Respuesta
  • Bone
  • Brain
  • Liver
  • Pancreas
  • Adipose Tissue
  • Cardiovascular
  • Gut
  • Itself

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
During exercise, the blood supply to the following areas is increased/decreased/unchanged: CNS: [blank_start]__________[blank_end] GI tract: [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Kidney: [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Muscles: [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
Respuesta
  • Increased
  • Decreased
  • Unchanged
  • Increased
  • Decreased
  • Unchanged
  • Increased
  • Decreased
  • Unchanged
  • Increased
  • Decreased
  • Unchanged

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
An overabundance of which of the following leads to obesity?
Respuesta
  • Fast-twitch fibres
  • Slow-twitch fibres
  • Both of the above
  • None of the above

Pregunta 8

Pregunta
Myokines are CYTOKINES and PROTEINS produced by muscle. Most are regulated by what?
Respuesta
  • Contractile activity
  • Diet
  • Growth factors
  • Endocrine signalling
  • Paracrine signalling

Pregunta 9

Pregunta
True or false: Myokines are the molecular link between nerve function and whole-body physiology?
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 10

Pregunta
Exercise-induced myokines include which of the following?
Respuesta
  • Irisin
  • Interleukin 6
  • Interleukin 15
  • Metrnl (Meteorin-like)
  • Angptl4 (Angiopoietin-like)
  • CXCL-1
  • Myostatin
  • Leptin
  • Angiopoietin
  • Myonectin

Pregunta 11

Pregunta
True or false: Irisin elevates energy expenditure and oxidative metabolism in muscle.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 12

Pregunta
True or false: Irisin lowers energy expenditure and oxidative metabolism in muscle.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 13

Pregunta
Irisin [blank_start]__________[blank_end] brown fat thermogenesis (browning & thermogenic function in [blank_start]__________[blank_end] fat)
Respuesta
  • Promotes
  • Inhibits
  • Prevents
  • White
  • Brown
  • Beige

Pregunta 14

Pregunta
Myokines have __________ functions.
Respuesta
  • Autocrine
  • Paracrine
  • Endocrine

Pregunta 15

Pregunta
Muscle displays plasticity in metabolic responses to:
Respuesta
  • Caloric availability
  • Physical activity

Pregunta 16

Pregunta
UCP1 is a core factor for [blank_start]__________[blank_end] in [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Adipose Tissue.
Respuesta
  • Thermogenesis
  • Proliferation
  • Apoptosis
  • Torpor
  • Brown
  • White
  • Beige

Pregunta 17

Pregunta
InterLeukin 6 (IL6) is a myokine that happens to also be produced by:
Respuesta
  • Monocytes/Macrophages
  • Fibroblasts
  • Vascular Endothelial Cells
  • Vascular Epithelial Cells
  • Mitochondria

Pregunta 18

Pregunta
IL6 can be either PROinflammatory or ANTIinflammatory. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] is associated with insulin resistance and behaves in a proinflammatory way. [blank_start]__________[blank_end] leads to elevated anti-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL1ra and IL10).
Respuesta
  • Elevated Systemic IL6
  • Exercise-induced IL6

Pregunta 19

Pregunta
IL6 is produced __________ exercise.
Respuesta
  • During
  • After
  • Before

Pregunta 20

Pregunta
At exercise time (before? during? after?), IL6 is produced by:
Respuesta
  • Skeletal Muscle
  • Connective Tissue
  • The Brain
  • Adipose Tissue
  • Cardiac Muscle
  • Smooth Muscle

Pregunta 21

Pregunta
In addition to exercise, myokines can also be induced by:
Respuesta
  • Nutrients
  • Organelle Dysfunction
  • Stress Responses
  • Trying really hard

Pregunta 22

Pregunta
True or false: The nutrient Palmitate modifies expression of many myokines (including Irisin, FGF21, IL6, CXCL1, CXCL5, Myonectin).
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 23

Pregunta
Autocrine myokines regulate [blank_start]__________[blank_end] and [blank_start]__________[blank_end]. (put the two in alphabetical order)
Respuesta
  • Myogenesis
  • Regeneration
  • Myocarditis
  • Apoptosis
  • Degeneration
  • Blood Pressure

Pregunta 24

Pregunta
Which of the following can be all of (Hepatokine, Adipokine, Myokine)?
Respuesta
  • FGF21
  • Irisin
  • Myonectin
  • IL6

Pregunta 25

Pregunta
Which of the following myokines can be a biomarker in: (Increased serum levels: Coronary Heart Disease, Cushing’s Syndrome, Carcinoid Atherosclerosis, Obesity/T2D, Mitochondrial Disease, Preeclampsia; Decreased serum levels: Anorexia Nervosa)?
Respuesta
  • FGF21
  • Irisin
  • Myonectin
  • IL6

Pregunta 26

Pregunta
How many hours of VIGOROUS INTENSITY exercise is recommended for WEIGHT LOSS?
Respuesta
  • 2½ – 5 hours/week
  • 1¼ – 2½ hours/week
  • > 4 hours/week
  • N/A

Pregunta 27

Pregunta
How many hours of VIGOROUS INTENSITY exercise is recommended for GENERAL HEALTH (<65yo)?
Respuesta
  • 2½ – 5 hours/week
  • 1¼ – 2½ hours/week
  • > 4 hours/week
  • N/A

Pregunta 28

Pregunta
How many hours of MODERATE INTENSITY exercise is recommended for WEIGHT LOSS?
Respuesta
  • 2½ – 5 hours/week
  • 1¼ – 2½ hours/week
  • > 4 hours/week
  • N/A

Pregunta 29

Pregunta
How many hours of MODERATE INTENSITY exercise is recommended for GENERAL HEALTH (<65yo)?
Respuesta
  • 2½ – 5 hours/week
  • 1¼ – 2½ hours/week
  • > 4 hours/week
  • N/A
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