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CVS Embryology

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1MB MD121 Embryology Study Quiz 2018 (up to IV septum formation)
Emer Lyons
Test por Emer Lyons, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Emer Lyons
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Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta 1

Pregunta
The Cardiovascular System is the second major system to function in the embryo
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
In the early development of the cardiovascular system:
Respuesta
  • Paired angioblastic cords appear in the mesoderm
  • The heart develops from the foregut
  • The heart begins to beat at day 22
  • The primitive CVS begins to appear in the second week of development
  • The pharyngeal arches are the first structure to appear

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
The Venous ends of the heart are fixed by
Respuesta
  • The septum transversum
  • The pharyngeal arches
  • The bulboventricular loop
  • The sinus venosis

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
The arterial ends of the heart are fixed by
Respuesta
  • The septum transversum
  • The pharyngeal arches
  • The truncus arteriosus
  • The bulbus cordis

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
Label the following section of the heart tube
Image:
Early Heart Tube (binary/octet-stream)
Respuesta
  • Bulbus cordis

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
Label the following section of the heart tube
Image:
Early Heart Tube (binary/octet-stream)
Respuesta
  • Sinus venosus

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
Label the following section of the heart tube
Image:
Early Heart Tube (binary/octet-stream)
Respuesta
  • Atrium

Pregunta 8

Pregunta
Label the following section of the heart tube
Image:
Early Heart Tube (binary/octet-stream)
Respuesta
  • Truncus arteriosus

Pregunta 9

Pregunta
Label the following section of the heart tube
Image:
Early Heart Tube (binary/octet-stream)
Respuesta
  • Ventricle

Pregunta 10

Pregunta
The Bulbus Cordis and the Ventricle grow and bend to become
Respuesta
  • The Bulboventricular loop
  • The Pharyngeal Arches
  • The Septum Transversum
  • The Aortic Sac

Pregunta 11

Pregunta
The Vitelline Veins
Respuesta
  • return low O2 blood from the yolk sac
  • carry blood from the chorion to the embryo
  • drain poor o2 blood from the embryo
  • drain the amniotic cavity

Pregunta 12

Pregunta
While there is originally both a right and left umbilical vein, only the right persists
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 13

Pregunta
The Common Cardinal veins
Respuesta
  • drain poor O2 blood from the body of the embryo
  • return low O2 blood from the yolk sac
  • carry blood from the chorion to the embryo
  • drain the amniotic cavity

Pregunta 14

Pregunta
The Umbilical Veins
Respuesta
  • carry blood from the chorion to the embryo
  • return low O2 blood from the yolk sac
  • drain poor O2 blood from the body of the embryo
  • drain the amniotic cavity

Pregunta 15

Pregunta
Label the following embryonic veins
Image:
Early Development Veins (binary/octet-stream)
Respuesta
  • Cardinal veins

Pregunta 16

Pregunta
Label the following embryonic vein
Image:
Early Development Veins (binary/octet-stream)
Respuesta
  • Umbilical vein

Pregunta 17

Pregunta
Label (specifically) the following embryonic vein
Image:
Early Development Veins (binary/octet-stream)
Respuesta
  • Left Vitelline vein

Pregunta 18

Pregunta
The primordial myocardium forms from [blank_start]splanchnic mesoderm[blank_end]
Respuesta
  • splanchnic mesoderm

Pregunta 19

Pregunta
During lateral folding, the 2 heart tubes fuse to form one cranio-caudally
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 20

Pregunta
As the primitive heart bends:
Respuesta
  • The two horns of the sinus venosus fuse
  • The atrium and sinus venosus end up behind the bulbus cordis, truncus arteriosus and ventricle.
  • The heart gradually invaginates the pericardial cavity

Pregunta 21

Pregunta
Partitions of the heart develop around week [blank_start]4[blank_end] and are essentially finished by the end of week [blank_start]5[blank_end]
Respuesta
  • 4
  • 5

Pregunta 22

Pregunta
The Aorta is formed from the coalescence of:
Respuesta
  • The Umbilical Arteries
  • The Embryonic Arteries
  • The Atrioventricular Arteries

Pregunta 23

Pregunta
Aortic Arches are:
Respuesta
  • Not all are present simultaneously
  • All permanent structures
  • Profoundly different to the Pharyngeal Arch arteries

Pregunta 24

Pregunta
The 4th Aortic Arch becomes the Arch of the Aorta on the right and the Subclavian Artery on the left
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 25

Pregunta
The 3rd Aortic Arch gives rise to:
Respuesta
  • Common Carotid
  • Proximal Internal Carotid
  • External branches of the 3rd arch
  • Pulmonary trunk
  • Right subclavian artery

Pregunta 26

Pregunta
Which of the following Aortic Arches disappear?
Respuesta
  • 1st
  • 2nd
  • 3rd
  • 4th
  • 5th
  • 6th

Pregunta 27

Pregunta
The 6th Aortic Arch gives rise to:
Respuesta
  • Arch of the Aorta and Pulmonary Trunk
  • Pulmonary Trunk and Ductus Arteriosus
  • Brachiocephalic Artery and Arch of the Aorta
  • Internal and External Carotid Arteries
  • Pulmonary and Left Subclavian Veins

Pregunta 28

Pregunta
Fusion of the outflow tract cushions results in separation of the blood flow
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 29

Pregunta
The truncus arteriosus divides to form the [blank_start]Aorta[blank_end] and the [blank_start]Pulmonary[blank_end] Trunk
Respuesta
  • Aorta
  • Pulmonary

Pregunta 30

Pregunta
In right atrial septum formation:
Respuesta
  • Some of the wall is formed from the sinus venosus
  • The Atrium decreases in size
  • The entrance of the sinus venosus is shifted over to the right

Pregunta 31

Pregunta
During septum formation, for a brief period the left atrium has no venous inflow
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 32

Pregunta
The pulmonary veins bud from the [blank_start]left atrium[blank_end]
Respuesta
  • left atrium

Pregunta 33

Pregunta
Atrial Septation is complete at week 8
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 34

Pregunta
The Septum Primum:
Respuesta
  • is incomplete
  • is sickle shaped
  • gives rise to the ostium primum
  • gives rise to the ostium secondum
  • grows from the roof of the atrium into the lumen

Pregunta 35

Pregunta
The Septum Secundum:
Respuesta
  • Fuses with the Endocardial Cushions
  • Grows from the interventricular septum
  • Gives rise to the foramen ovale at its lower free edge

Pregunta 36

Pregunta
In pre-natal development, blood flows from right to left through the interatrial septum
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 37

Pregunta
In Atrial Septal Defects, Left-to-right shunting of blood:
Respuesta
  • May be asymptomatic
  • Presents with an ejection systolic murmur
  • Causes raised O2 saturation in the right atrium

Pregunta 38

Pregunta
Ostium Primum defects cause 70% of ASDs
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 39

Pregunta
Select the correct statements about Ostium Secundum defects:
Respuesta
  • They occur in the region of fossa ovalis
  • They can be caused by underdevelopment of the septum secundum
  • They can be caused by excessive resorption of the septum primum

Pregunta 40

Pregunta
The [blank_start]Common Atrium[blank_end] condition is caused by the absence of the [blank_start]septum primum[blank_end] and septum secondum.
Respuesta
  • Common Atrium
  • Left-to-right shunting of blood
  • septum primum
  • septum secondum
  • fossa ovalis
  • ostium secundum

Pregunta 41

Pregunta
The muscular portion of the Interventricular septum:
Respuesta
  • is formed by the medial walls of the expanding ventricles
  • makes up about 10% of the septum
  • has a foramen close to the inferior border

Pregunta 42

Pregunta
Tissue from the [blank_start]inferior endocardial cushion[blank_end] close the interventricular foramen, and making up the [blank_start]membranous[blank_end] part of the septum.
Respuesta
  • inferior endocardial cushion
  • lateral walls of the ventricles
  • membranous
  • muscular
  • tendonous

Pregunta 43

Pregunta
Select the correct statements regarding Ventricular septal defects:
Respuesta
  • Spontaneous closure may occur before 2 years of age
  • 2 main forms exist: Membranous and Valvular
  • Left-to-right shunting of blood does not occur
  • Muscular VSDs are less common in adults than in children
  • VSDs may present with a pansystolic murmur

Pregunta 44

Pregunta
In healthy foetal circulation, Left-to-right shunting of blood does not occur
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 45

Pregunta
The closure of the atrial septum is due to anatomical changes
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 46

Pregunta
Select the INCORRECT statements regarding the closure of the atrial septum:
Respuesta
  • High pulmonary peripheral vascular resistance and arterial pressures cause right to left shunting pre-natally
  • Pulmonary peripheral vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressures drop post-natal
  • Pre-natal lungs are deflated
  • Pressure gradient post- natal is LA<RA
  • There is no post-natal evidence of the pre-natal foramen

Pregunta 47

Pregunta
Which of the following are symptoms of Patent Ductus Arteriosus?
Respuesta
  • Pulmonary Hypertension
  • Right Atrium Hypertension
  • Murmur in both Diastole and Systole
  • Post-natal blood flow from left to right
  • Parasystolic murmur

Pregunta 48

Pregunta
Bradykinin release causes smooth muscle contraction with results in opening of the ductus arteriosus
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 49

Pregunta
Upon anatomical closure, the Ductus Arteriosus becomes the [blank_start]Ligamentum Arteriosum[blank_end]
Respuesta
  • Ligamentum Arteriosum

Pregunta 50

Pregunta
Which of the following is not associated with the Tetralogy of Fallout?
Respuesta
  • Unequal division of conus cordis
  • Pulmonary Stenosis
  • Dual murmur in Systole and Diastole
  • Large VSD
  • Overriding Aorta
  • Hypertrophy of the right ventricle
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