Clinical Pathology (201-300) MCQs- Year 4 PMU

Question

In chronic lympholeukemia in the liver can be seen

Answer 1

myeloblasts

Answer 2

mature lymphocytes and single lymphoblasts

Answer 3

focal leukemic infiltrates in the portal spaces

Answer 4

leukemic infiltrates in the sinusoids

Answer 5

effaced lobular structure

Answer 6

hypertrophy and hyperplasia of hepatocytes

Answer 7

atrophy of hepatocytes

Answer 8

leukemic infiltrates in the sinusoids

Answer 9

long remissions even without treatment

Answer 10

extreme hepato-splenomegaly

Answer 11

anemia, hemorrhages, infections

Answer 12

splenic infarctions

Answer 13

chronic stable phase

Answer 14

accelerated phase

Answer 15

blast crisis

Answer 16

none of the above

Answer 17

there can be seen numerous eosinophils

Answer 18

we can observe areas with necrosis

Answer 19

intact histological lymph node structure

Answer 20

giant bi-nucleated cells, called ‘mirror image"

Answer 21

Reed-Sternberg tumor cells

Answer 22

Jelly-like raspberry red osteolytic bone lesion

Answer 23

The tumor cells have a large vacuolar nucleus with prominent nucleolus

Answer 24

The tumor cells have a round eccentric nucleus with a pale halo around it

Answer 25

scarlet fever

Answer 26

peritonsilar abscess

Answer 27

oral squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 28

none of the above

Answer 29

Glossomegaly

Answer 30

Hunter’s tongue ( atrophic glossitis)

Answer 31

Geographic tongue

Answer 32

Fibrinous gingivitis

Answer 33

colonoscopy

Answer 34

dermatoscopy

Answer 35

gastroscopy

Answer 36

hysteroscopy

Answer 37

Menetrier’s disease

Answer 38

Atrophic autoimmune gastritis

Answer 39

Acute fibrinous gastritsis

Answer 40

None of the above

Answer 41

acute gastritis

Answer 42

atrophy of the colonic mucosa

Answer 43

rectal cancer

Answer 44

gastric cancer

Answer 45

the epithelium is hyperkeratotic

Answer 46

acanthosis in the epithelium

Answer 47

chronic inflammation

Answer 48

dysplasia in the epithelium can be observed

Answer 49

parakeratosis

Answer 50

carcinoma in situ

Answer 51

it is a benign tumor

Answer 52

it contains hyperplastic fatty tissue

Answer 53

it is firm and lobulated

Answer 54

it is painful and inflamed

Answer 55

purulent exudate

Answer 56

hypertrophic tonsillitis

Answer 57

atrophic tonsillitis

Answer 58

it is a predisposing factor for the formation of epulis

Answer 59

Langhans giant multinuclear cells

Answer 60

Fresh heamorrhages and hemosiderin

Answer 61

Osteoclast-type multinuclear giant cells

Answer 62

It is a true tumor

Answer 63

a true tumor

Answer 64

an odontogenic tumor

Answer 65

when compressed the sound is described as flapping wings

Answer 66

when it is compressed the sound is described as eggshell cracking

Answer 67

H. pylori is a risk factor for MALT lymphoma

Answer 68

H. pylori is a risk factor for duodenal cancer

Answer 69

H. pylori causes chronic gastritis

Answer 70

H. pylori is a severe fungal infection

Answer 71

penetration into the diaphragm

Answer 72

perforation

Answer 73

pyloric stenosis

Answer 74

massive hemorrhage

Answer 75

Van Gieson

Answer 76

Immunohistochemistry

Answer 77

fibrinoid necrosis at the ulcer base

Answer 78

inflammatory infiltrate with lymphocytes and plasma cells

Answer 79

ulceration penetrating through muscularis mucosae, reaching muscularis propria

Answer 80

it often undergoes malignant transformation

Answer 81

adenocarcinoma

Answer 82

signet-ring cell carcinoma

Answer 83

squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 84

mucinous adenocarcinoma

Answer 85

peri-appendicitis

Answer 86

lymphocytic infiltration in the mucosa

Answer 87

neutrophilic infiltration throughout the thickness of the wall of the appendix

Answer 88

constriction of the blood vessels of the serosa

Answer 89

purulent exudate in the lumen

Answer 90

hypoplasia of the lymph follicles

Answer 91

hyperplastic activated lymph follicles

Answer 92

hyperemic blood vessels of the serosa

Answer 93

lymphocytic infiltration of the mucosa

Answer 94

thrombosis of blood vessels

Answer 95

necrosis of the wall of the appendix

Answer 96

severe inflammation through the wall of the appendix

Answer 97

acute viral hepatitis

Answer 98

chronic viral hepatitis

Answer 99

cardiogenic shock

Answer 100

chronic alcoholism

Answer 101

piece-meal necrosis

Answer 102

adjacent necrosis

Answer 103

bridging necrosis

Answer 104

caseous necrosis

Answer 105

calcium is deposited in the bones

Answer 106

calcium levels in the blood lower with the progression of steato-necrosis

Answer 107

calcium reacts with fatty acids to form soaps

Answer 108

it has no prognostic value

Answer 109

enlarged liver

Answer 110

steatonecrosis of the fatty tissue around and inside the pancreas

Answer 111

hemorrhages in the tissues of the pancreas

Answer 112

fibrosis in the tissues of the pancreas

Answer 113

chronic cholecystitis

Answer 114

inflammatory infiltrates

Answer 115

massive necrosis of hepatocytes

Answer 116

fibrotic septa

Answer 117

often it is accompanied by cholelithiasis

Answer 118

it has no association with cholelithiasis

Answer 119

can cause adhesions

Answer 120

it is caused by viral infection

Answer 121

peritonitis

Answer 122

obstruction of d. choledochus

Answer 123

cholestasis

Answer 124

pancreatitis

Answer 125

acute viral hepatitis

Answer 126

massive hepatic necrosis

Answer 127

hepatocellular carcinoma

Answer 128

none of the above

Answer 129

left sided heart failure

Answer 130

right sided heart failure

Answer 131

pyelonephritis

Answer 132

acute renal failure

Answer 133

post-infectious cholecystitis

Answer 134

post-infectious glomerulonephritis

Answer 135

minimal change disease of the kidneys

Answer 136

acute rheumatism

Answer 137

diffuse endocapillary glomerulonephritis

Answer 138

rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis

Answer 139

minimal change disease

Answer 140

membranous glomerulonephritis

Answer 141

diffuse endocapillary glomerulonephritis

Answer 142

rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis

Answer 143

minimal change disease

Answer 144

membranous glomerulonephritis

Answer 145

Klebsiella

Answer 146

Streptococcus

Answer 147

The urine is sterile

Answer 148

minimal change disease

Answer 149

rapidly progressing glomerulonepbhritis

Answer 150

membranous glomerulonephritis

Answer 151

diffuse endocapillary glomerulonephritis

Answer 152

rapidly progressing glomerulonephritis

Answer 153

amyloidosis of the kidney

Answer 154

minimal change disease

Answer 155

nephrosclerosis glomerulonephritica

Answer 156

chorionic villi and decidual changes of the endometrium

Answer 157

monstrous trophoblast, hydropic chorionic villi

Answer 158

hematoma in fallopian tube, chronic villi invading the muscle layer of the tube, decidual changes of the endometrium

Answer 159

cervical intraepithelial lesion, third grade

Answer 160

chronic villi and decidual changes of the endometrium

Answer 161

monstrous trophoblast, hydropic chorionic villi without fetal blood capillaries

Answer 162

hematoma in the fallopian tube, chorionic villi invading the muscle layer of the tube, decidual changes of the endometrium

Answer 163

cervical intraepithelial lesion, third grade

Answer 164

chronic villi and decidual changes of the endometrium

Answer 165

monstrous trophoblast, hydropic chorionic villi without fetal blood capillaries

Answer 166

hematoma in the fallopian tube, chorionic villi invading the muscle layer of the tube, decidual changes of the endometrium

Answer 167

cervical intraepithelial lesion, third grade

Answer 168

no clinical symptoms

Answer 169

scarce contact bleeding

Answer 170

enlarged inguinal lymph nodes

Answer 171

there is an increased risk for endometrial carcinoma

Answer 172

there is an increased risk of associated mola hydatidosa

Answer 173

there is an increased risk of associated intraepithelial lesion of the cervix

Answer 174

there is a high risk of associated tubal pregnancy

Answer 175

grossly it resembles grape-like structures

Answer 176

chronic villi have fetal capillaries

Answer 177

chronic villi are with hydropic edema

Answer 178

chronic villi lack fetal blood vessels

Answer 179

follicular cyst

Answer 180

cystadenoma papilliferum

Answer 181

mature teratoma (dermoid cyst)

Answer 182

colloid cyst

Answer 183

somatotropin

Answer 184

progesterone

Answer 185

primarily via lymphogenic spread

Answer 186

distantly via hematogenous spread

Answer 187

fibro-epithelial spread

Answer 188

apocrine spread

Answer 189

Granulosa cell tumor

Answer 190

Brenner’s tumor

Answer 191

Androblastoma

Answer 192

Serous cystadenoma

Answer 193

Dysgerminoma

Answer 194

Brenner’s tumor

Answer 195

granulosa cell tumor

Answer 196

dysgerminoma

Answer 197

androblastoma

Answer 198

papillary cystadenoma

Answer 199

papillary cystadenocarcinoma

Answer 200

dysgerminoma

Answer 201

serous cystadenoma

Answer 202

endodermal yolk sac tumor

Answer 203

mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

Answer 204

solitary nodule

Answer 205

multiple nodules

Answer 206

papillary proliferaations

Answer 207

multiple nodules

Answer 208

solitary nodule

Answer 209

proliferated mammary ducts and stroma

Answer 210

median lobe

Answer 211

subcapsular prostate tissue

Answer 212

lateral lobes

Answer 213

periurethral prostate tissue

Answer 214

lateral lobes

Answer 215

posterior lobe

Answer 216

periurethral prostate tissue

Answer 217

subcapsular prostate tissue

Answer 218

Estrogen receptors

Answer 219

hormonal therapy - anti-testosterone drugs

Answer 220

hormonal therapy - anti-progesterone drugs

Answer 221

treatment with monoclonal antibodies

Answer 222

ovarian cancer

Answer 223

renal cancer

Answer 224

breast cancer

Answer 225

thyroid gland cancer

Answer 226

gastric cancer

Answer 227

ovarian cancer

Answer 228

prostate cancer

Answer 229

breast cancer

Answer 230

it is the most common cause for hypothyroidism

Answer 231

exophthalmos in some patients

Answer 232

pretibial myxedema

Answer 233

usually most patients are euthyroid

Answer 234

it causes hyperthyroidism

Answer 235

autoantibodies against TSH-receptors

Answer 236

affects more men than women

Answer 237

thyroid stimulating IgG is the cause

Answer 238

nodular colloid goiter

Answer 239

signs of thyroid hyperfunction

Answer 240

small thyroid follicles with small amounts of diluted colloid

Answer 241

many resorbtive vacuoles in the thyroid follicles

Answer 242

exophthalmos

Answer 243

there are found autoantibodies against TSH-receptors

Answer 244

pretibial myxedema

Answer 245

colloid nodular goiter

Answer 246

arteriolo-hyalinosis of vas afferens and vas efferens

Answer 247

chronic pyelonephritis

Answer 248

diffuse and segmental glomerulosclerosis

Answer 249

diabetic retinopathy

Answer 250

cystically dilated thyroid follicles

Answer 251

histological accommodation of the epithelium lining the follicles

Answer 252

papillary folds of the epithelium of the follicles

Answer 253

diluted, scarce colloid

Answer 254

the thyroid follicles are dilated, filled with large amounts of concentrated colloid

Answer 255

atypical looking cells called oncocytes

Answer 256

the thyroid follicles are replaced by lymph follicles

Answer 257

these lymphoid follicles have pale germinal centers

Answer 258

metastatic tumors to the brain are more common than the primary

Answer 259

primary tumors of the CNS often metastasize outside the CNS

Answer 260

primary tumors of the CNS almost never metastasize outside the CNS

Answer 261

most important factor for the outcome is the tumor location

Answer 262

to accuse the clinicians of medical malpractice

Answer 263

to establish the cause of death and the definitive diagnosis

Answer 264

to help and educate clinicians and to improve their work

Answer 265

to help the-relatives of the deceased to convict the doctors

Answer 266

death occurred in a hospital due to a disease

Answer 267

available medical history of the patient

Answer 268

presence of the treating doctor

Answer 269

all of the listed above

Answer 270

urgent diagnosis given during an operation

Answer 271

the preparation of the tissue samples is done by a paraffin method

Answer 272

the preparation of the tissue samples is done on a freezing microtome

Answer 273

sometimes the diagnosis is not exactly clear because of the preparation method but information like “malignant tumor”, “benign tumor” or “inflammation” is given to the surgeons to know how to proceed with the operation

Answer 274

Bouin solution

Answer 275

Absolute alcohol

Answer 276

Formalin 10%

Answer 277

Salts of heavy metals

Answer 278

Formalin 10

Answer 279

1,5-4% glutaraldehyde

Answer 280

Frozen section

Answer 281

Zenker’s fixative

Answer 282

to give urgent answers about the diagnosis or at least orientation about the pathological process during surgery

Answer 283

to determine the histogenesis of the tumor especially in highly undifferentiated malignant tumors

Answer 284

to determine the proliferative activity and the hormonal receptors of the tumor that is highly important for the treatment

Answer 285

to help determine the cause of death

Answer 286

special stains to prove different substances

Answer 287

immunohistochemical markers

Answer 288

when there is suspicion for diagnostic or therapeutic malpractice

Answer 289

death of a person outside the hospital

Answer 290

when there is suspicion of violent death

Answer 291

death of a patient in the hospital and when the relatives don’t ask the principal to cancel the autopsy

Answer 292

dissection of organ

Answer 293

opening the body

Answer 294

taking biopsy from organ change

Answer 295

extraction of abdominal and thoracic organs

Answer 296

microscopic examination of organs

Answer 297

gross examination of organs

Answer 298

ultramicroscopic examination of organs

Answer 299

none of the listed

Answer 300

test for thromboembolism

Answer 301

test for pneumothorax

Answer 302

test for air and gas embolism

Answer 303

test for fat embolism

Answer 304

test for pneumothorax

Answer 305

test for air and gas embolism

Answer 306

test for thromboembolism

Answer 307

test for fat embolism

Answer 308

test for air and gas embolism

Answer 309

test for fat embolism

Answer 310

test for thromboembolism

Answer 311

test for pneumothorax

Answer 312

in epithelial cells of convoluted tubules and Henle’s loop

Answer 313

in epithelial cells of gastrointestinal mucosa

Answer 314

in the nuclei and in the cytoplasm of the hepatocytes

Answer 315

endothelial cells of the vessels

Answer 316

Cholesterol from other lipids

Answer 317

Glycogen from mucus

Answer 318

DNA from RNA

Answer 319

Denaturated intracellular proteins from accumulated extracellular proteins

Answer 320

sulfuric acid

Answer 321

hydrochloric acid

Answer 322

picric acid

Answer 323

there is no relation between them

Answer 324

patients with diabetes have increased intake of lipids to provide more energy

Answer 325

the fatty liver in diabetes is caused by increased lipolysis and increased delivery of fatty acids in the liver

Answer 326

the fatty liver leads to diabetes mellitus

Answer 327

also called “male”or “apple” type, it is the accumulation of lipids in the fatty cells around the shoulders, thorax and waist

Answer 328

also called “female” or “pear’’type, it is the accumulation of lipids in the fatty cells around the hips, tights and legs

Answer 329

generalized obesity predominantly on the face, shoulders and thorax

Answer 330

generalized obesity predominantly in the tights, hips and legs

Answer 331

also called “male”or “apple” type, it is the accumulation of lipids in the fatty cells around the shoulders, thorax and waist

Answer 332

also called “female”or “pear”type, it is the accumulation of lipids in the fatty cells around the hips, tights and legs

Answer 333

generalized obesity predominantly on the face, shoulders and thorax

Answer 334

generalized obesity predominantly in the tights, hips and legs

Answer 335

also called “male”or “apple” type, accumulation of lipids in the fatty cells around the shoulders, thorax and waist

Answer 336

also called “female”or “pear”type, it is the accumulation of lipids in the fatty cells around the hips, tights and legs

Answer 337

generalized obesity predominantly on the face, shoulders and thorax

Answer 338

generalized obesity predominantly in the tights, hips and legs

Answer 339

also called “male” or “apple” type, it is the accumulation of lipids in the fatty cells around the shoulders, thorax and waist

Answer 340

also called “female”or “pear”’type - accumulation of lipids in the fatty cells around the hips, tights and legs

Answer 341

generalized obesity predominantly on the face, shoulders and thorax

Answer 342

generalized obesity predominantly in the tights, hips and legs

Answer 343

gynoid type

Answer 344

the obesity doesn’t affect the patient’s health

Answer 345

all of the obesity types have the same prognosis

Answer 346

increased indirect bilirubin in the serum, hypercholic stools and increased urobilinogen in the urine

Answer 347

both types of bilirubin are increased in the serum, normal colour of the stools, both bilirubin and urobilinogen are increased in the urine

Answer 348

increased direct bilirubin in the serum, hypoholic or acholic stool, increased bilirubin in the urine

Answer 349

none of the above

Answer 350

increased indirect bilirubin in the serum, hypercholic stools and increased urobilinogen in the urine

Answer 351

both types of bilirubin are increased in the serum, normal colour of the stools, both bilirubin and urobilinogen are increased in the urine

Answer 352

increased direct bilirubin in the serum, hypocholic or acholic stools, increased bilirubin in the urine

Answer 353

none of the above

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Clinical Pathology (201-300) MCQs- Year 4 PMU

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