Cellular Adaptations & Necrosis

Descripción

Medicine Test sobre Cellular Adaptations & Necrosis, creado por Trey W el 18/07/2020.
Trey W
Test por Trey W, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Trey W
Creado por Trey W hace más de 4 años
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Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta 1

Pregunta
Which of the following is not a pattern of cell death in tissues?
Respuesta
  • fibrinoid necrosis
  • fat necrosis
  • coagulative necrosis
  • contracture necrosis

Pregunta 2

Pregunta
Compare acute cell injury with cellular adaptations.
Respuesta
  • Cellular adaptations develop over a brief period of time and are reversible
  • Acute cell injury can be manifested as reversible cell swelling
  • Acute cell injury can be manifested as irreversible necrosis

Pregunta 3

Pregunta
What is lipofuscin?
Respuesta
  • Blue-pigmented cytoplasmic inclusions in stressed cells
  • A lipid-containing residual body of autophagy
  • An irreversible "wear and tear" pigment
  • A product of cells undergoing decreased cell turnover

Pregunta 4

Pregunta
Metatstatic calcification is due to precipitation of calcium at sites of cell/tissue injury
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 5

Pregunta
Which of the following mechanisms explains the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced fatty liver?
Respuesta
  • Increased delivery of free fatty acids
  • Increased lipogenesis
  • Decreased apoprotein synthesis for triglyceride export
  • Increased utilization of triglycerides and oxidation of fatty acids

Pregunta 6

Pregunta
Metaplasia can be characterized by which of the following?
Respuesta
  • One adult cell type being replaced by another through chronic injury
  • Irreversible change in cells/tissue
  • Decreased risk of malignancy/neoplasia
  • Increase in cell number

Pregunta 7

Pregunta
Which is an example of physiologic apoptosis?
Respuesta
  • Formation of the esophageal lumen
  • Syndactyly
  • Muscular dystrophy
  • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Pregunta 8

Pregunta
Apoptosis can result from endogenous OR exogenous causes
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 9

Pregunta
In a Masson Trichrome stain
Respuesta
  • Nucleic acids stain dark blue
  • Connective tissue stains blue
  • Proteins stain light purple

Pregunta 10

Pregunta
Which of the following would you expect to see in necrosis?
Respuesta
  • A rounded up, fragmented cell morphology
  • Phagocytosis by neutrophils
  • Phagocytosis by macrophages and nonprofessional macrophages
  • Functionally intact cell membrane

Pregunta 11

Pregunta
You are examining the tissue of a patient who had a subarachnoid hemorrhage. When looking at the brain tissue microscopically, what would you expect to observe in the area of hemorrhage?
Respuesta
  • Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis
  • Hemosiderosis
  • Steatosis
  • Anthracosis

Pregunta 12

Pregunta
At what point in cell injury would you expect to observe hydropic change of the cell?
Respuesta
  • < 10 minutes
  • 10-15 minutes
  • 15-60 minutes
  • 4-8 hours

Pregunta 13

Pregunta
You know that irreversible cell injury is often characterized by nuclear changes. Which of the nuclear changes describes pyknosis?
Respuesta
  • Fragmentation of the nucleus into dense basophilic fragments ("nuclear debris")
  • Dissolution of nuclear fragments
  • Condensation of chromatin
  • Dilation of the endoplasmic reticulum

Pregunta 14

Pregunta
In coagulative necrosis, the shapes of cells and tissues change dramatically, but the nuclei/organelles are intact.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 15

Pregunta
Where would you expect to see liquefactive necrosis most often?
Respuesta
  • Brain
  • Lungs
  • Abscesses
  • GI tract

Pregunta 16

Pregunta
Your patient's cells and tissues demonstrate obvious enzymatic necrosis. You immediately know the condition that (likely) caused this is:
Respuesta
  • COVID
  • Acute pancreatitis
  • Myocardial infarction
  • Hypercalcemia

Pregunta 17

Pregunta
What is the most common cause of caseous necrosis?
Respuesta
  • Dry gangrene
  • Wet gangrene
  • Mycobacteria tuberculosis
  • Eating too much cottage cheese

Pregunta 18

Pregunta
Fibrinoid necrosis is caused by injury to vessel walls that causes leakage of protein and fibrin from the circulation that becomes entrapped. Which vascular injury might cause this type of necrosis?
Respuesta
  • Immune-complex associated vasculitis
  • Accelerated HTN
  • HTN that has slowly developed over 20 years
  • Excessive scarring

Pregunta 19

Pregunta
What is a heterophagosome?
Respuesta
  • A secondary lysosome involved in digestion of a cell's own organelles
  • A primary lysosome fused with absorptive vesicles originating from the plasma membrane
  • A small vesicle budding from enzymes on the lateral side of the Golgi apparatus

Pregunta 20

Pregunta
In your elective oncology rotation, a patient presents with multiple calcified breast tumors. You know this to be a result of metastatic calcification.
Respuesta
  • True
  • False

Pregunta 21

Pregunta
Upon histological examination, tissue cells demonstrate what looks like "nuclear dust". This is characteristic of
Respuesta
  • karyorrhexis
  • karyolysis
  • karyogram
  • pyknosis

Pregunta 22

Pregunta
In response to [blank_start]cigarette smoke[blank_end], columnar epithelial cells of the bronchial epithelium undergo squamous [blank_start]metaplasia[blank_end]. Smoking-induced metaplasia may lead to bronchial squamous cell [blank_start]neoplasia[blank_end].
Respuesta
  • cigarette smoke
  • sitting for 12 hours/day
  • drinking too much water
  • pulmonary HTN
  • metaplasia
  • hyperplasia
  • neoplasia
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