2633864
Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Adenine complementary pairs to what other bases in DNA and RNA?
Respuesta
-
Cytosine
-
Guanine
-
Thymine
-
Uracil
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
What direction does the coding strand run in?
Respuesta
-
5' to 3'
-
3' to 5'
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
What direction does the template strand run in?
Respuesta
-
5' to 3'
-
3' to 5'
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
What is the correct process of DNA replication?
Respuesta
-
DNA helicase unwinds -> SSBP -> Primase -> DNA polymerase builds new DNA strand in 5' to 3' -> exonuclease removes primers -> DNA polymerase fills the gaps -> DNA ligase fixes gap in sugar-phosphate backbone.
-
DNA helicase unwinds -> SSBP -> Primase -> DNA polymerase builds new DNA strand in 3' to 5' -> exonuclease removes primers -> DNA polymerase fills the gaps -> DNA ligase fixes gap in sugar-phosphate backbone.
-
DNA gyrase unwinds -> SSBP -> Primase -> DNA polymerase builds new DNA strand in 5' to 3' -> exonuclease removes primers -> DNA polymerase fills the gaps -> DNA ligase fixes gap in sugar-phosphate backbone.
-
DNA gyrase unwinds -> SSBP -> Primase -> DNA polymerase builds new DNA strand in 3' to 5' -> exonuclease removes primers -> DNA ligase fills the gaps -> DNA ligase fixes gap in sugar-phosphate backbone.
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
What is the function of Gyrase?
Respuesta
-
Prevent DNA supercoiling
-
Unwind the double stranded DNA
-
Remove RNA primers
-
Add DNA repeats to the 3' end of DNA strands in telomere regions (at the end of the chromosome)
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
What is the function of telomerase?
Respuesta
-
Add DNA repeats to the 3' end of DNA strands in telomere regions (at the end of the chromosome)
-
Prevents DNA supercoiling
-
Unwinds the DNA double strand
-
Remove RNA primers
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Which type of RNA encodes the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide?
Respuesta
-
mRNA
-
rRNA
-
tRNA
-
snRNA
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Which type of RNA forms a protein complex which aid in the formation of a spliceosome?
Respuesta
-
mRNA
-
snRNA
-
rRNA
-
tRNA
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Which type of RNA is a component of the ribosome?
Respuesta
-
rRNA
-
mRNA
-
tRNA
-
snRNA
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Which type of RNA is responsible for bringing amino acids to the ribosomes during translation?
Respuesta
-
tRNA
-
rRNA
-
mRNA
-
snRNA
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
What does label 1 show on the model of the gene?
Respuesta
-
Promoter
-
RNA coding sequence
-
Terminator
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
What does label 2 show on the model of the gene?
Respuesta
-
Promoter
-
RNA coding sequence
-
Terminator
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
What does label 3 show on the model of the gene?
Respuesta
-
Promoter
-
RNA coding sequence
-
Terminator
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
The process of transcription is what?
Respuesta
-
DNA Helicase unwinds -> Gyrase alleviates supercoiling -> RNA polymerase binds to the promoter and starts in 5' to 3' -> Terminator is reached -> pre-mRNA is cleaved off -> DNA helix is reformed.
-
DNA Helicase unwinds -> Telomerase alleviates supercoiling -> RNA polymerase binds to the promoter and starts in 5' to 3' -> Terminator is reached -> pre-mRNA is cleaved off -> DNA helix is reformed.
-
DNA Helicase unwinds -> Gyrase alleviates supercoiling -> RNA polymerase binds to the promoter and starts in 3' to 5' -> Terminator is reached -> pre-mRNA is cleaved off -> DNA helix is reformed.
-
DNA Helicase unwinds -> Telomerase alleviates supercoiling -> RNA polymerase binds to the promoter and starts in 3' to 5' -> Terminator is reached -> pre-mRNA is cleaved off -> DNA helix is reformed.
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Splicing occurs in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Select the processes which occur in the nucleus
Respuesta
-
DNA replication
-
Transcription
-
Splicing
-
Translation
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Select the process which occurs in the cytoplasm
Respuesta
-
DNA replication
-
Translation
-
Transcription
-
Splicing
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
The start codon on mRNA is always what set of bases?
Respuesta
-
ATG
-
TAC
-
AUG
-
AGU
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
The 40s subunit of an 80s ribosome contains the P and A site where the tRNA binds.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
What is the process of amino acid charging?
Respuesta
-
AA attaches to amino-acyl tRNA synthetase -> ATP binds to docking site -> hydrolysed to AMP -> AMP exits -> tRNA becomes charged -> charged tRNA is released
-
AA attaches to amino-acyl tRNA synthetase -> ATP binds to docking site -> hydrolysed to ADP -> ADP exits -> tRNA becomes charged -> charged tRNA is released
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
What is the process of translation?
Respuesta
-
Methionine-tRNA's anticodon UAC binds to the AUG sequence on mRNA -> Ribosome clamps to mRNA strand -> Peptide bond formation via Peptidyl transferase -> continuation -> STOP codon is reached -> release factor binds (no tRNA with anticodon) -> peptidyl transferase causes final protein to be ejected -> machinery disassembles
-
Methionine-tRNA's anticodon AUG binds to the UAC sequence on mRNA -> Ribosome clamps to rRNA strand -> Peptide bond formation via Peptidyl transferase -> continuation -> STOP codon is reached -> release factor binds (no tRNA with anticodon) -> peptidyl transferase causes final protein to be ejected -> machinery disassembles
-
Methionine-tRNA's anticodon AUG binds to the UAC sequence on mRNA -> Ribosome clamps to mRNA strand -> Peptide bond formation via Peptidyl transferase -> continuation -> STOP codon is reached -> release factor binds (no tRNA with anticodon) -> peptidyl transferase causes final protein to be ejected -> machinery disassembles
-
Methionine-tRNA's anticodon UAC binds to the AUG sequence on mRNA -> Ribosome clamps to mRNA strand -> Peptide bond formation via aminoacyl transferase -> continuation -> STOP codon is reached -> release factor binds (no tRNA with anticodon) -> peptidyl transferase causes final protein to be ejected -> machinery disassembles
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Convention is that polypeptides start with a C terminus and end with an N terminus.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Polysomes are advantageous because they mean mRNA, which is very unstable, can be translated into many proteins despite having a short life span.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
What are the three generic types of DNA mutations?
Respuesta
-
Insertion
-
Substitution
-
Deletion
-
Rearrangement
-
Reorderment
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
What is meant by a silent mutation?
Respuesta
-
The same amino acid is coded for, because although the base is substituted for a different one, the codon still codes for the same amino acid due to the degenerate nature of the triplet code.
-
A different amino acid is coded for for that particular triplet but the protein itself still remains functional.
-
A premature STOP codon is coded for by the substitution which leads to a truncated,, non functional protein.
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
What is meant by a missense mutation?
Respuesta
-
The same amino acid is coded for, because although the base is substituted for a different one, the codon still codes for the same amino acid due to the degenerate nature of the triplet code.
-
A different amino acid is coded for for that particular triplet but the protein itself still remains functional.
-
A premature STOP codon is coded for by the substitution which leads to a truncated,, non functional protein.
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
What is meant by a nonsense mutation?
Respuesta
-
The same amino acid is coded for, because although the base is substituted for a different one, the codon still codes for the same amino acid due to the degenerate nature of the triplet code.
-
A different amino acid is coded for for that particular triplet but the protein itself still remains functional.
-
A premature STOP codon is coded for by the substitution which leads to a truncated,, non functional protein.
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Deletion or insertion of 1,2,4 or 5 bases could cause a frameshift
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
A frameshift can completely alter the primary structure of a protein.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Most intronic mutations are not detrimental to the final protein.
Respuesta
- True
- False
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
A missense mutation can produce a partially working protein.
Respuesta
- True
- False
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