3010890
Descripción
Test por Ros Agnieszka, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Ros Agnieszka
hace más de 9 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
1. The stages of acquisition through which a learner passes in acquiring specific grammatical features such as negatives or interrogatives are referred to as
Respuesta
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A order of development
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B route of development
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C sequence of development
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D interlanguage
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
2. Which of the following is likely to appear first in the acquisition of L1 English negatives?
Respuesta
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A *There no squirrel
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B *Not a teddy bear
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C *I not crying
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D *No one didn’t come
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
3. Which of the following morphemes is likely to appear last in the acquisition of L1 English?
Respuesta
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A Articles (a/the)
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B Past irregular (went)
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C Possessive (-‘s)
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D Past regular (-ed)
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
4. Which of the following morphemes is most likely to appear first in the ‘natural order’ proposed by Krashen for L2 acquisition of English?
Respuesta
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A Articles (a/the)
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B Past irregular (went)
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C Possessive (-‘s)
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D Past regular (-ed)
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
5. According to the Critical Period Hypothesis L2 competence can only be achieved if learning
Respuesta
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A commences before puberty
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B is focused on communication
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C takes place in the L2 setting
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D is reinforced by formal instruction
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
6. Corder (1974) distinguishes three types of error according to their systematicity. Systematic errors occur when the learner
Respuesta
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A is unaware of a rule in L2
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B has discovered a wrong rule
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C knows the correct L2 rule but uses it inconsistently
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D knows the correct L2 rule but uses it consistently
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
7. One of the psycholinguistic sources of performance errors, which leads to mistakes, can be
Respuesta
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A overgeneralization
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B learning strategies
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C communication strategies
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D L1 transfer
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
8. According to Richards (1971) developmental errors occur when the learner
Respuesta
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A uses elements from L1 in using L2
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B faces processing problems
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C has problems with complete application of rules
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D attempts to build up hypotheses about the L2
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
9. Krashen (1981) claims that ‘acquired knowledge’ can only be developed when the learner
Respuesta
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A is involved in formal pracctising in L2
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B focuses on message conveyance
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C is involved in functional practicing in L2
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D monitors the output
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
10. According to most studies of learners’ errors, which of the following statements is true?
(1) Transfer errors are more common in adult learners than in child learners
(2) Transfer errors are more common at the lexical level of L2 than at the grammatical level.
Respuesta
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A (1)
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B (2)
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C (1) and (2)
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D neither (1) nor (2)
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
11. Selinker (1972) identified five principal cognitive processes responsible for L2 acquisition. Which of the following is not one of those mental processes?
Respuesta
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A language transfer
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B overgeneralisation
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C transfer of training
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D simplification
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
12. Which theory of SLA focuses mainly on relationship between input and L2 knowledge?
Respuesta
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A The Competition Model
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B Operating Principles Model
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C The Variable Competence Model
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D The Multidimentional Model
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
13. According to Bialystok’s view of L2 learning implicit knowledge is developed through exposure to communicative language use and is facilitated by the strategy of
Respuesta
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A formal practicing
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B inferencing
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C functional practicing
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D monitoring
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
14. Central to this model is the idea of form-function mapping. Any one form (e.g. word order) may realize a number of functions (e.g. agent). The learner’s task is to discover the particularmappings that characterize the target language. The theory is referred to as
Respuesta
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A The Competition Model
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B Operating Principles Model
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C The Variable Competence Model
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D The Multidimensional Model
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
15. Conscious application of rules in order to understand or produce the second language is described as the strategy of
Respuesta
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A deduction
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B induciton
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C inferencing
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D resourcing
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
16. ”The Boeing 747 or jumbo, as it is called, is a very large jet, manufactured or made by an American company, a firm in USA.” This sentence illustrates the process of foreigner talk
Respuesta
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A expansion
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B simplification
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C elaboration
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D regularization
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
17. English is primarily a right-branching language (i.e. nouns are post-modified) while Chinese is left-branching. Which of the following hypotheses is true (according to Schachter 1974)?
(1) Chinese learners of L2 English may avoid using relative clauses.
(2) Chinese learners of L2 English may overproduce simple sentences.
Respuesta
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A (1)
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B (2)
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C (1) and (2)
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D neither (1) nor (2)
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
18. In the hierarchy of learning difficulties (Stockwell et al. 1965) the greatest difficulty is predicted to arise in case of which forms in L1 and L2?
Respuesta
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A new (o - - o)
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B coalesced (x_y --> x)
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C absent (x - - o)
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D split (x --> x_y)
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
19. Formal instruction can only promote language acquisition if the interlanguage is close to the point when the structure to be taught is acquired in the natural setting, when the learner is ‘ready’ to acquire it. This is the conclusion proposed by which theory?
Respuesta
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A The teachability hypothesis
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B The variability hypothesis
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C The interference hypothesis
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D The selective attention hypothesis
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
20. According to which theory instruction does not enable learners to fully acquire what is taught when it is taught, but prepares the way for its subsequent acquisition?
Respuesta
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A The teachability hypothesis
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B The variability hypothesis
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C The interface hypothesis
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D The selective attention hypothesis
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
21. The use of a rule belonging to an earlier stage of development is referred to as
Respuesta
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A avoidance
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B formulaic speech
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C backsliding
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D discourse repair
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
22. Chunks of language that are stored as complete or partially analysed units are called
Respuesta
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A formulas
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B developmental patterns
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C prototypes
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D vertical constructions
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
23. The process by which learners utilise discourse to help them construct structures that lie outside their competence is described as
Respuesta
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A backsliding
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B restructuring
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C scaffolding
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D hypothesis-testing
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
24. Which theory of language acquisition accepts the notion of ‘poverty of stimulus’?
Respuesta
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A Behaviourist
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B Mentalist
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C Contrastive Analysis
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D Neurofunctional
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
25. Consciousness-raising is a type of formal instruction designed to make a learner aware of
Respuesta
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A the culture of the L2 speech group
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B conscious learning strategies use
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C specific linguistic features
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D the process of controlled memorisation
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
26. Hypothesis formation consists basically of the two procedures:
Respuesta
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A transfer and overgeneralisation
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B receptive and prooductive processing
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C formal and functional practice
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D simplification and inferencing
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
27. Which theory explains SLA in terms of the degree of social and psychological distance between a learner and the target language group?
Respuesta
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A Accommodation Model
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B Discourse Theory
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C The Prototypicality Theory
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D Neuroofuntional Theory
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
28. Studies of variability in interlanguage are based on
Respuesta
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A homogeneous competence
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B linguistic competence
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C heterogeneous competence
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D socio-pragmatic competence
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
29. Studies of systematic variability in interlanguage are focused on the role of
Respuesta
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A individual learner differences
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B linguistic and situational context
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C input modifications
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D performance errors
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
30. The term interlanguage is also described as
Respuesta
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A communicative competence
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B transitional competence
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C idiosyncratic competence
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D approximative competence
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
31. In this process learners replace their native language with L2, fail to develop full competence in L1 or lose what they have acquired in L1. This type of bilingualism is called
Respuesta
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A monolingualism
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B additive
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C semilingualism
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D subtractive
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
32. The process by which speakers make their speech similar to their interlocutors’ speech is referred to as
Respuesta
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A accumultration
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B assimilation
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C accommodation
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D convergence
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
33. Which of the following distinctions refers to the two kinds of learning ability?
Respuesta
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A BICS/CALP
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B linguistic intuition
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C intelligence
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D language processing capacity
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
34. According to Oller (1978) the general factor of language proficiency is identical with
Respuesta
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A FL aptitude
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B linguistic intuition
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C intelligence
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D language processing capacity
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
35. Errors that arise in learner language due to the nature of formal instruction are called
Respuesta
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A global errors
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B induced errors
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C overt errors
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D intralingual errors
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
36. Learners use communication strategies in order to
Respuesta
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A form L2 hypothesis
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B internalise L2 knowledge
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C employ existing L2 knowledge
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D compensate for inadequate L2 knowledge
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
37. The process of carrying over previous knowledge or performance to subsequent learning situations is described as
Respuesta
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A transfer
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B matrix reactivation
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C interference
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D parallel distribution
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
38. The vernacular is the style in which
Respuesta
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A learner uses the most complex linguistic forms
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B the learner uses the least complex linguistic forms
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C maximum attention is given to monitoring speech
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D minimum attention is given to monitoring speech
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
39. Language used by native speakers while communicating with L2 learners is referred to as
Respuesta
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A caretaker talk
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B foreigner talk
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C modified discourse
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D native style
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
40. Language used by non-native speakers while communicating with other L2 learners in a FL classroom is referred to as
Respuesta
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A classroom interaction
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B idiosyncratic dialect
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C interlanguage
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D peer talk
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
41. Formulaic speech utterances that are partly unanalysed and have open slots are called
Respuesta
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A indicatiors
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B scripts
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C patterns
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D variants
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
42. Learners who feel disconnected from their own speech group and the L2 group experience
Respuesta
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A anomie
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B divergence
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C anxiety
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D inhibition
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
43. The core grammar of every language consists of rules that
Respuesta
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A are constrained by Universal Grammar
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B have been taken from other languages
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C are not constrained by Universal Grammar
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D are derived from the history of the language
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
44. Learners who rely on other people, need the teacher’s directions and explanations, like structured learning environment (Willing 1987) are said to prefer
Respuesta
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A concrete learning style
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B authority-oriented learning style
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C analytic learnng style
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D commmunicative learning
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
45. Learners who prefer FL teaching methods based on active experience, e.g. hands-on learning as in building models (Willing 1987), are said to be
Respuesta
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A extroverted learners
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B kinaestetic learners
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C emphatetic learners
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D tactile learner
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
46. Motivation that derives from the learner’s inherent interest in the learning task is called
Respuesta
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A integrative
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B intrinsic
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C instrumental
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D resultative
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
47. In the study of individual learner differences ‘a permanent predisposition to be anxious’ (Scovel 1978) is defined as
Respuesta
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A debilitating anxiety
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B sitation-specific anxiety
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C state anxiety
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D trait anxiety
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
48. Ellis (1994:612), claims that learner-centred formal instruction concentrates mainly on
Respuesta
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A learner-instruction matching
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B strategy learning
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C selected aspects of language (e.g. grammar)
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D developing communicative competence
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
49. Focus on forms refers to instruction that
Respuesta
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A aims at teaching integrated skills
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B is basedon communicative syllabus
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C isolates linguistic forms to teach them one at a time
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D combines a focus on form and a focus on meaning
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
50. The ‘zero option’ advocates
Respuesta
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A providing learners with adequate input containging examples from which they can infer the rule
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B providing learners with linguistic rules, but in isolation from the context in which they are used
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C teaching the language, not about the language (no difficult grammatical terms or definitions)
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D abandoning any type formal teaching presented in a deductive, inductive, or functional way
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