6798848
Descripción
Test por Med Student , actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Med Student
hace alrededor de 8 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Blood clotting:
Respuesta
-
requires Ca2+
-
is promoted by erythrocytes
-
defects usually prolong the bleeding time
-
is initiated by tissue tromboplastin in the intrinsic coagulation pathway
-
is decreased by platelets
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
B-lymphocytes:
Respuesta
-
secrete circulating antibodies
-
carry antigen receptors on their surface
-
secrete antigens
-
secrete IGF-1
-
secrete fibrinogen
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Red blood cells:
Respuesta
-
measure 15 mm in diameter
-
do not contain mitochondria
-
have a life span in circulation of 30 days
-
are released from the bone marrow as mature cells
-
contain nucleus
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
The following is true about the ABO and Rh systems
Respuesta
-
A person of group O is a universal recipient
-
A person who is group AB has anti-A and anti-B antibodies
-
The presence of D antigen means that the subject is Rh(+)
-
Rh antibodies occur naturally
-
The person of group A has anti-A antibodies
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Which of the following helps in blood clotting?
Respuesta
-
Vit. B1
-
Vit. B2
-
Vit. D
-
Vit. K
-
Vit. B6
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
The function of hemoglobin is:
Respuesta
-
Transport of oxygen
-
Destruction of bacteria
-
Prevention of anaemia
-
Utilization of energy
-
Transport of CO
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Which of the following substances is an anticoagulant?
Respuesta
-
Ca2+
-
Heparin
-
Fibrinogen
-
Albumin
-
Gamma-Globulins
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
What are the agglutinins?
Respuesta
-
antibodies
-
antigens
-
beta-globulins
-
amino acids
-
lipids
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Which of the following substance influences indirectly blood clotting?
Respuesta
-
calcium ions
-
vit. K and vit. C
-
vit. B6 and vit. K
-
mineralocorticoids
-
renin
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
For which of the following cells phagocytosis is not typical?
Respuesta
-
neurotrophins
-
plasmocytes
-
monocytes
-
eosinophils
-
macrophages
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Normal (physiological) hemolysis takes place:
Respuesta
-
inside the heart
-
inside the spleen and liver
-
inside the kidneys
-
inside the big blood vessels
-
inside the bone marrow
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Which of the following are functions of the blood?
Respuesta
-
transport
-
regulation
-
protection
-
temperature regulation
-
all of the above
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
The blood volume of an average size male is:
Respuesta
-
3 to 4 liters
-
4 to 5 liters
-
5 to 6 liters
-
6 to 7 liters
-
7 to 9 liters
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
The blood volume is:
Respuesta
-
10-12% of body weight
-
10l
-
6-8% of body weight
-
5l
-
3-5% of body weight
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
The effects on plasma volume of 500 ml blood loss are neutralized within:
Respuesta
-
1-2 hours
-
8-10 hours
-
24 hours
-
one week
-
one month
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Antithrombin III affects which coagulation factor?
Respuesta
-
XIIa
-
Xa
-
IIa
-
IXa
-
all of the above
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Vitamin K neutralizes:
Respuesta
-
factor 5
-
heparin
-
antithrombin 3
-
plasminogen
-
none of the above
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Platelet activation will not occur without:
Respuesta
-
Ca2+
-
Vessel wall damage
-
Von Willebrand factor
-
Fibrinogen
-
Serotonin
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Complement activation requires:
Respuesta
-
antigen-antibody complex
-
opsonization of bacteria
-
helper T-Cells
-
previous exposure to antigen
-
plasma proteins
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
For a T-cell to recognize a foreign antigen:
Respuesta
-
opsonization
-
the antigen presenting cell identifies the antigen
-
needs T-helper cells
-
prior exposure to antigen required
-
none of the above
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Hemoglobin contains:
Respuesta
-
one protoporphyrin ring and four ferrous ions
-
four protoporphyrin ring and one ferrous ion
-
four protoporphyrin rings and four ferrous ions
-
one protoporphyrin ring and one ferrous ion
-
none of the above
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Which blood component plays the biggest role in maintaining the osmotic pressure of blood?
Respuesta
-
albumin
-
carbon dioxide
-
white blood cells
-
fibrinogen
-
globulins
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
In a normal blood sample, which of the following cells will be the most abundant?
Respuesta
-
neutrophils
-
basophiles
-
eosinophiles
-
monocytes
-
lymphocytes
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
An antigen:
Respuesta
-
A chemical messenger that is released by virus infected cells
-
A lymphocyte responsible for cell-mediated immunity
-
Something that coats the inside of lungs, causing infection
-
A protein or other molecule that is recognized as non-self
-
A thick yellow-white fluid
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
Where is the site of maturation for a B-cell?
Respuesta
-
thymus
-
bone marrow
-
pancreas
-
cortex
-
spleen
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
Nonspecific resistance is:
Respuesta
-
the body's ability to ward off diseases
-
the body's defenses against any kind of pathogen
-
the body's defense against a particular pathogen
-
the lack of resistance
-
none of the above
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Which gland shrinks in size during adulthood, and has hormones that function in the maturation of T-lymphocytes:
Respuesta
-
lymph nodes
-
thymus
-
spleen
-
pineal gland
-
tonsils
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
The rate of erythrocyte sedimentation is increased when:
Respuesta
-
the plasma albumin fraction is increased
-
fibrinogen in the blood is decreased
-
the plasma globulin fraction is decreased
-
the plasma globulin fraction is increased
-
lack of erythropoietin
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Agglutinins are found in:
Respuesta
-
the erythrocytes membrane
-
the leukocytes
-
the plasma
-
the platelets
-
all of the above
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
γ-globulins are related to:
Respuesta
-
Humoral Immunity
-
Blood Coagulation
-
Transport of gases by the blood
-
Erythropoiesis
-
Cellular Immunity
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Oxyhemoglobin is a compound of:
Respuesta
-
hemoglobin and 02
-
hemoglobin and CO2
-
hemoglobin and Fe2+
-
hemoglobin and CO
-
hemoglobin and N
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
The amount of plasma proteins is:
Respuesta
-
135-145 mmol.1-1
-
140-160 g.1-1
-
55-85 g.1-1
-
2.8-5.6 mmol.1-1
-
0.40-0.50 1.1-1
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
The plasma of blood type AB contains:
Respuesta
-
anti-A agglutinins
-
anti-B agglutinins
-
anti-A and anti-B agglutinins
-
no agglutinins
-
agglutinogens A and B
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Osmotic hemolysis is due to:
Respuesta
-
water hypotonic solution entering the erythrocytes
-
destruction of the erythrocyte membrane by chemicals
-
fibrinolysis
-
formation of carbaminohemoglobin
-
transformation of fibrinogen into fibrin
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Hypervolemia is:
Respuesta
-
increased blood volume
-
decreased blood volume
-
increased blood cholesterol
-
increased plasma proteins
-
increased blood pressure
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Leucopenia is:
Respuesta
-
increased number of leukocytes
-
increased number of platelets
-
decreased number of leucocytes
-
increased number of erythrocytes
-
decreased number of platelets
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
When AB(0) blood is transfused to a recipient of blood type 0 (anti-A, anti-B):
Respuesta
-
the limit of the blood transfused is up to 300 ml
-
the transfused amount is unlimited
-
transfusion is forbidden
-
transfusion of plasma is the only possibility
-
possible only once in a lifetime
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
Sodium citrate stops coagulation by:
Respuesta
-
blocking fibrinogen
-
reacting with Ca2+
-
massive fibrinolysis
-
destruction of platelets
-
blocking Vit. K
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
The normal erythrocyte count is:
Respuesta
-
140-160.10^9.1-1
-
4-5.2.10^12.1-1
-
4-11.10^9.1-1
-
200-400.10^9.1-1
-
0.40-0.50 1.1-1
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Leucocytosis is:
Respuesta
-
increased number of leukocytes
-
increased number of platelet
-
decreased number of leucocytes
-
increased number of erythrocytes
-
increased percentage of neutrophils
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
Platelets take part in:
Respuesta
-
the immune defense
-
the transport of gases in blood
-
homeostasis
-
renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
-
all of the above
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
The normal values of hemoglobin are:
Respuesta
-
4-5.5.10^12.1-1
-
135-145 mmol.1-1
-
140-160 g.1-1
-
2.8-5.6 mmol.1-1
-
140-160 g%
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Of major significance for maintaining the blood oncotic pressure is:
Respuesta
-
the number of erythrocytes
-
the plasma globulin fraction
-
the leukocyte count
-
the plasma albumin fraction
-
the plasmafibrinogen
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
The red color of blood is due to:
Respuesta
-
The plasma cholesterol
-
The plasma albumin fraction
-
Ca2+ and K+ in plasma
-
The granules in the leucocytes
-
The hemoglobin in the erythrocytes
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
The normal blood platelet count is:
Respuesta
-
4-11.10^9.1-1
-
4.4-5.2 10^12.1-1
-
60-90.10^12.1-1
-
200-400.10^9.1-1
-
200-400.10^12.1-1
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
Fibrinolysis is:
Respuesta
-
Formation of the white plug
-
Formation of the red plug
-
Fibrin clot destruction
-
Viscose metamorphosis of the platelets
-
Destruction of adrenal medulla
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
When blood is transfused from 0(anti-A, anti-B) donor to AB(0) recipient:
Respuesta
-
the amount is up to 500 ml
-
the amount is unlimited
-
transfusion is impossible
-
only plasma may be transfused
-
only once in a lifetime
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
The osmotic fragility is determined by the use of:
Respuesta
-
Hypotonic solution of NaCl
-
Hypertonic solution of NaCl
-
HCl
-
NaOH
-
Celloscope
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
Heparin is:
Respuesta
-
a factor transforming prothrombin into thrombin
-
platelet factor 8
-
endogenic anticoagulant
-
exogenic anticoagulant
-
pancreatic enzyme
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
The plasma protein fraction of major significance for coagulation is:
Respuesta
-
albumin
-
globulin
-
fibrinogen
-
γ-globulin
-
globulin and albumin
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
The normal range of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Westergren) is:
Respuesta
-
2.4-2.6 mmol.1-1
-
140-160 g.1-1
-
1st hour: men- 3-8 mm; women- 5-10 mm
-
0.55-1.48 g.1-1
-
0.40-0.50 1.1-1
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
Of major significance for the erythrocyte sedimentation rate is:
Respuesta
-
the leukocyte count
-
the albumin/globulin ratio
-
total blood cholesterol
-
the platelet count
-
the leukocytes ratio (%)
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
The normal leukocyte count is:
Respuesta
-
200-400.10^9.1-1
-
4.0-11.10^9.1-1
-
4.5-5.2.10^12.1-1
-
60-90.10^9.1-1
-
20-40% of all blood cells
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
Fe2+ ions are necessary for:
Respuesta
-
the production of fibrinogen
-
erythropoiesis
-
the formation of leukocytes
-
the formation of platelets
-
the synthesis of thyreocalcitonin
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
The percentage of Rh(+) people is:
Respuesta
-
15%
-
85%
-
50%
-
30%
-
15% of pregnant women
Pregunta 56
Pregunta
The normal hematocrit range in men is:
Respuesta
-
0.40-0.50 1.1-1
-
2.4-2.6 mnol.1-1
-
0.55-1.48 mmol.1-1
-
140 - 160 g.1-1
-
4.5-5.5.10^12.1-1
Pregunta 57
Pregunta
Hematocrit measures the percentage of:
Respuesta
-
white blood cells
-
plasma
-
platelets
-
red blood cells
-
serum proteins
Pregunta 58
Pregunta
To prevent blood loss after a tissue injury, blood vessels first:
Respuesta
-
form a platelet plug
-
form a clot
-
initiate the coagulation cascade
-
constrict and form barriers
-
dilate
Pregunta 59
Pregunta
A foreign substance, usually a protein, that stimulates the immune system to react by producing antibodies is called:
Respuesta
-
allergen
-
antigen
-
histamine
-
mast cell
-
interferon
Pregunta 60
Pregunta
When neutrophils and macrophages squeeze out of capillaries to fight off infection, it is called:
Respuesta
-
phagocytosis
-
hemolysis
-
interleukin
-
diapedesis
-
folliculitis
Pregunta 61
Pregunta
Each of the following is a component of plasma except:
Respuesta
-
water
-
proteins
-
formed elements
-
nutrients
-
salts
Pregunta 62
Pregunta
Extracellular fluid in adults differs from intracellular fluid in that its:
Respuesta
-
volume is greater
-
tonicity is lower
-
Na+ concentration is lower
-
sodium: potassium molar ratio is higher
-
pH is lower
Pregunta 63
Pregunta
Total body water, expressed as a percentage of body weight:
Respuesta
-
can be measured with an indicator dilution technique to deuterium oxide
-
is smaller on average in women than in men
-
rises following injection of posterior pituitary extracts
-
is less than 80 per cent in young adults
-
all of the above
Pregunta 64
Pregunta
Breakdown of erythrocytes in the body:
Respuesta
-
occurs when they are 6-8 weeks old
-
is named erythropoiesis
-
yields iron, most of which is excreted in the urine
-
yields bilirubin which is carried by plasma protein to the liver
-
is required for the synthesis of bile salts
Pregunta 65
Pregunta
A person with group A blood
Respuesta
-
has anti-A antibody in the plasma
-
may have the genotype AB
-
may have a parent with group O blood
-
may have children with group A or group O blood only
-
whose partner is also A can only have children of group A
Pregunta 66
Pregunta
Blood platelets are:
Respuesta
-
releasing factors promoting blood clotting
-
adhering together to form plugs when exposed to collagen
-
200-400.10^9.1^-1
-
releasing factors causing vasoconstriction
-
all of the above
Pregunta 67
Pregunta
Plasma bilirubin:
Respuesta
-
is a steroid pigment
-
is converted to biliverdin in the liver
-
does not normally cross cerebral capillary walls
-
is freely filtered in the renal glomerulus
-
has red colour
Pregunta 68
Pregunta
Monocytes:
Respuesta
-
originate from precursor cells in lymph nodes
-
can Increase in number when their parent cells are stimulated by factors released from activated lymphocytes
-
unlike granulocytes, do not migrate across capillary walls
-
take part in homeostasis
-
manufacture immunoglobulin M
Pregunta 69
Pregunta
Erythrocytes:
Respuesta
-
are responsible for the major part of blood viscosity
-
contain the enzyme carbonic anhydrase
-
metabolize glucose to produce CO2 and H2O
-
carry 02 and CO2
-
all of the above
Pregunta 70
Pregunta
Human plasma albumin:
Respuesta
-
contributes more to plasma colloid osmotic pressure than globulin
-
can not filter freely at the glomerulus
-
is negatively charged at the normal pH of blood
-
carries sex hormones in blood
-
all of the above
Pregunta 71
Pregunta
Neutrophil granulocytes:
Respuesta
-
are the most common leukocyte in normal blood
-
contain proteolytic enzymes
-
contain actin and myosin microfilaments
-
are present in high concentration in pus
-
all of the above
Pregunta 72
Pregunta
Bleeding from a small cut in the skin:
Respuesta
-
is normally diminished by local vascular spasm
-
ceases within about five minutes in normal people
-
is greater from warm skin than from cold skin
-
is reduced if the affected limb is elevated
-
all of the above
Pregunta 73
Pregunta
Circulating red blood cells:
Respuesta
-
are about 1 per cent nucleated
-
take part in immunity
-
are distributed evenly across the blood stream in large blood vessels
-
deform as they pass through the capillaries
-
travel at slower velocity in venules than in capillaries
Pregunta 74
Pregunta
Lymphocytes:
Respuesta
-
are motile
-
can transform into plasma cells
-
increase in number during infection
-
decrease in number during immunosuppressive drug therapy
-
all of the above
Pregunta 75
Pregunta
Blood:
Respuesta
-
makes up about 3% of body weight
-
forms a higher percentage of body weight in fat than in thin people
-
squeezes out serum when it clots
-
volume can be calculated by multiplying plasma volume by the haematocrit (expressed as a percentage)
-
volume rises after diuretic is taken
Pregunta 76
Pregunta
The pH:
Respuesta
-
of arterial blood normally ranges from 7.2 to 7.6
-
units express [H+] in moles/litre
-
of blood is directly proportional to the pCO2
-
of blood is directly proportional to [HCO3-]
-
of arterial blood is lower than venous blood
Pregunta 77
Pregunta
Blood eosinophils:
Respuesta
-
have agranular cytoplasm
-
are about a quarter of all leukocytes
-
are relatively abundant in the mucosa of the respiratory, urinary and alimentary tracts
-
are 50-70% of all leukocytes
-
increase in number in viral infections
Pregunta 78
Pregunta
Lymph:
Respuesta
-
doesn't contain plasma proteins
-
vessels are involved in the absorption of amino acids from the intestine
-
production decreases during muscular activity
-
does not normally contain cells
-
flow is aided by contraction of adjacent skeletal muscles
Pregunta 79
Pregunta
Blood platelets:
Respuesta
-
are formed in the bone marrow
-
are normally more numerous than white cells
-
increase in number after injury and surgery
-
alter shape when in contact with collagen
-
all of the above
Pregunta 80
Pregunta
An appropriate dilution indicator for measuring:
Respuesta
-
total body water is sucrose
-
plasma volume is radioactive sodium
-
extracellular fluid volume is inulin
-
intracellular fluid volume directly is heavy water (deuterium oxide)
-
total body water is radioactive iodine
Pregunta 81
Pregunta
Excessive tissue fluid (oedema) in the legs may:
Respuesta
-
be associated with a raised extracellular fluid volume
-
result from hepatic disease
-
result from blockage of pelvic lymphatics
-
increase local interstitial thud pressure
-
all of the above
Pregunta 82
Pregunta
Haemolytic disease of the new born:
Respuesta
-
can be prevented by injecting the mother with anti-D agglutinins just after delivery
-
affects mainly babies of Rh-positive mothers
-
occurs mainly in babies who lack D agglutinogen
-
causes jaundice which clears rapidly alter birth
-
can be treated by transfusing the affected baby with Rh-positive blood
Pregunta 83
Pregunta
Patients with moderate to severe anaemia have a reduced:
Respuesta
-
cardiac output
-
incidence of vascular bruits
-
2:3-diphosphoglycerate blood level
-
arterial pO2
-
capacity to raise oxygen consumption in exercise
Pregunta 84
Pregunta
Iron deficiency:
Respuesta
-
frequently follows persistent loss of blood from the body
-
is more common in men than in women
-
may cause anaemia by inhibiting the rate of multiplication of RBC stem cells
-
may cause large pale erythrocytes to appear in peripheral blood
-
anaemia should normally be treated by injections of iron
Pregunta 85
Pregunta
Severe reactions are likely after transfusion of blood group:
Respuesta
-
A to a group B person
-
O to a group AB person
-
O to a group A person
-
A to a group AB person
-
O Rh- negative to a group AB Rh-positive person
Pregunta 86
Pregunta
The haematocrit (packed cell volume):
Respuesta
-
may be obtained by centrifugation of blood donation
-
may be calculated by multiplying the mean cell volume by the red cell count
-
rises in a patient who sustains widespread burns
-
rises following vomiting
-
all of the above
Pregunta 87
Pregunta
Red cell formation is increased:
Respuesta
-
in blood donors one week after a blood donation
-
in patients with haemolytic anaemia
-
by giving injections of erythropoietin to nephrectomized patients
-
in patients who have a raised blood reticulocyte count
-
all of the above
Pregunta 88
Pregunta
Respiratory alkalosis differs from metabolic alkalosis in that the:
Respuesta
-
patient has hyperventilation
-
arterial blood [HCO3-] is normal or low
-
arterial blood pCO2 is reduced
-
reduction in cerebral blood flow is greater
-
all of the above
Pregunta 89
Pregunta
Red blood cells would swell in which type of solution?
Respuesta
-
hypotonic
-
isotonic
-
hypertonic
-
hydrophilic
-
lipophilic
Pregunta 90
Pregunta
The most abundant type of protein in plasma is:
Respuesta
-
insulin
-
globulin
-
albumin
-
glycogen
-
fibrinogen
Pregunta 91
Pregunta
The number of oxygen molecules carried by one Hb molecule:
Respuesta
-
1
-
2
-
4
-
8
-
3
Pregunta 92
Pregunta
Majority of clotting factors are produced in:
Respuesta
-
liver
-
kidney
-
heart
-
brain
-
muscle
Pregunta 93
Pregunta
Cellular immunity is due to:
Respuesta
-
B lymphocytes
-
T lymphocytes
-
neutrophils
-
eosinophils
-
erythrocytes
Pregunta 94
Pregunta
Action of plasmin is:
Respuesta
-
to remove calcium
-
antithrombin action
-
to stimulate heparin
-
to degenerate fibrin
-
to produce plug
Pregunta 95
Pregunta
Which is the most rare blood group:
Respuesta
-
A Rh+
-
AB Rh+
-
AB Rh-
-
B Rh-
-
O Rh+
Pregunta 96
Pregunta
Hematocrit of 45% means that in the sample of blood analysed:
Respuesta
-
45% Hb is in the plasma
-
45% of total blood volume is made up of plasma
-
45% of Hb is in the RBC
-
45% of the total blood volume is made up of RBC's and WBC's
-
45% of blood volume is made of Tr
Pregunta 97
Pregunta
Which of the following statements concerning the monocyte is incorrect:
Respuesta
-
more common in blood than eosinophils and basophils
-
produced in the adult by the bone marrow and lymph nodes
-
unlike neutrophil does not accumulate outside circulation in area of inflammation
-
not classified as a granulocyte
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28% of differential blood count
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