Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Bactericidal drugs kill bacteria.
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Which class of drugs slows bacterial growth?
Respuesta
-
Bactericidal
-
Bacteriostatic
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
When a bacteriostatic drug is added to an in vitro colony of bacteria, what will happen to the the number of bacteria?
Respuesta
-
Increase
-
Decrease
-
Stay the same
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
When a bactericidal drug is added to an in vitro colony of bacteria, what will happen to the the number of bacteria?
Respuesta
-
Increase
-
Decrease
-
Stay the same
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
When a bacteriostatic drug is removed from an in vitro colony of bacteria, what will happen to the the number of bacteria?
Respuesta
-
Increase
-
Decrease
-
Stay the same
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
When a bactericidal drug is removed from an in vitro colony of bacteria, what will happen to the the number of bacteria?
Respuesta
-
Increase
-
Decrease
-
Stay the same
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Are the actions of sulphonamides bactericidal or bacteriostatic?
Respuesta
-
Bactericidal
-
Bacteriostatic
-
Concentration dependent
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Is the action of trimethaprim bactericidal or bacteriostatic?
Respuesta
-
Bactericidal
-
Bacteriostatic
-
Concentration dependent
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Are the actions of tetracyclines bactericidal or bacteriostatic?
Respuesta
-
Bactericidal
-
Bacteriostatic
-
Concentration dependent
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Is the action of chloramphenicol bactericidal or bacteriostatic?
Respuesta
-
Bactericidal
-
Bacteriostatic
-
Concentration dependent
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Is the action of linomycin bactericidal or bacteriostatic?
Respuesta
-
Bactericidal
-
Bacteriostatic
-
Concentration dependent
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Is the action of erythromycin (macrolides) bactericidal or bacteriostatic?
Respuesta
-
Bactericidal
-
Bacteriostatic
-
Concentration dependent
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Are the actions of penicillins bactericidal or bacteriostatic?
Respuesta
-
Bactericidal
-
Bacteriostatic
-
Concentration dependent
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Are the actions of cephalosporins bactericidal or bacteriostatic?
Respuesta
-
Bactericidal
-
Bacteriostatic
-
Concentration dependent
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Are the actions of fluoroquinolones bactericidal or bacteriostatic?
Respuesta
-
Bactericidal
-
Bacteriostatic
-
Concentration dependent
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Are the actions of aminoglycosides bactericidal or bacteriostatic?
Respuesta
-
Bactericidal
-
Bacteriostatic
-
Concentration dependent
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Is the action of metronidazole bactericidal or bacteriostatic?
Respuesta
-
Bactericidal
-
Bacteriostatic
-
Concentration dependent
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
A potentiated sulphonamide refers to which of the following combinations of antibacterial agents?
Respuesta
-
Sulphonamide and Erythromycin
-
Sulphonamide and Fluoroquinolone
-
Sulphonamide and Trimethoprim
-
Sulphonamide and Chloramphenicol
-
Sulphonamide and Cephalosporin
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
What is the main aim for optimum efficacy of a time dependent drug?
Respuesta
-
Plasma levels should be above minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for as long as possible in each 24 hour period
-
Plasma levels should be as high as possible for as long as possible
-
The dosage is irrelevant, but the drug must be in the system for as long as possible
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Which of the following drugs is time dependent?
Respuesta
-
Aminoglycoside
-
Penicillin
-
Fluoroquinolones
-
Metronidazole
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
Which of the following drugs is time dependent?
Respuesta
-
Aminoglycoside
-
Cephalosporin
-
Fluoroquinolone
-
Metronidazole
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Which of the following drugs are concentration dependent?
Respuesta
-
Penicillin
-
Aminoglycoside
-
Metronidasole
-
Cephalosporin
-
Fluoroquinolone
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
Where are NAMA and NAG synthesised?
Respuesta
-
Cytoplasm
-
Membrane
-
Extra-membrane
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
How many peptides are initially attached to NAMA?
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
What is the most important feature for the activity of a penicillin/cephalosporin?
Respuesta
-
Ring of 2 carbons and 2 nitrogens
-
Ring of 3 carbons and 1 nitrogen
-
Ring of 5 carbons
-
Ring of 5 carbons and 1 nitrogen
-
Ring of 4 carbons and 2 nitrogens
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
What determines the antibacterial activity of β-lactams?
Respuesta
-
R side chain
-
Ability to bind to peptidyl transferase
-
Ability to bind to transpeptidases
-
Drug size
-
Ability to bind to gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
The ability for penicillin to access transpeptidase is limited in gram +ve bacteria.
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Clavulanic acid has an antibacterial effect when administered alone.
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Which of the following drugs would be best paired with clavulanic acid?
Respuesta
-
Mecillinam
-
Cloxacillin
-
Benzylpenicillin
-
Methicillin
-
Amoxicillin
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
Benzylpenicillin has good acid stability.
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Which of the following drugs are susceptible to β-lactamase activity?
Respuesta
-
Benzylpenicillin
-
Penicillin V
-
Cloxacillin
-
Methicillin
-
Ampicillin
-
Amoxicillin
-
Carbenicillin
-
Mecillinam
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
Which of the following drugs are not susceptible to β-lactamase activity?
Respuesta
-
Cloxacillin
-
Benzylpenicillin
-
Methicillin
-
Mecillinam
-
Carbenicillin
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Which of the following drugs are most effective against Gram +ve cocci?
Respuesta
-
Benzylpenicillin
-
Mecillinam
-
Penicillin V
-
Cloxacillin
-
Methicillin
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
Which of the following drugs is most active against Gram -ve bacteria?
Respuesta
-
Mecillinam
-
Methicillin
-
Cloxacillin
-
Carbenicillin
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Which of the following drugs is efficacious against pseudomonas?
Respuesta
-
Mecillinam
-
Cloxacillin
-
Carbenicillin
-
Methicillin
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Which generations of cephalosporins are unstable in acid?
Respuesta
-
1st generation
-
2nd generation
-
3rd generation
-
4th generation
Pregunta 37
Pregunta
Which generation of cephalosporin has the least β-lactamase stability?
Respuesta
-
1st generation
-
2nd generation
-
3rd generation
-
4th generation
Pregunta 38
Pregunta
Which generations of cephalosporin are least susceptible to β-lactamase activity?
Respuesta
-
1st generation
-
2nd generation
-
3rd generation
-
4th generation
Pregunta 39
Pregunta
Which of the following drugs is most efficacious against gram +ve bacteria?
Respuesta
-
Cephalexin
-
Cefuroxime
-
Cefovecin
-
Cefquinome
Pregunta 40
Pregunta
Which of the following drugs is most efficacious against gram -ve bacteria?
Respuesta
-
Cephradine
-
Cephalexin
-
Cefquinome
-
Cefovecin
Pregunta 41
Pregunta
Which of the following drugs is efficacious against pseudomonas?
Respuesta
-
Cephradine
-
Cefovecin
-
Cefquinome
-
Cefuroxime
Pregunta 42
Pregunta
Penicillins and cephalosporins are eliminated by the liver.
Pregunta 43
Pregunta
Penicillins do not cross the BBB, despite being widely distributed.
Pregunta 44
Pregunta
Some cephalosporins cross the BBB.
Pregunta 45
Pregunta
Aminoglycosides induce a long lasting mutation in bacteria, so are risky to use given that resistance may easily occur.
Pregunta 46
Pregunta
What type of bacteria are aminoglycosides more efficacious against?
Respuesta
-
Gram -ve anaerobic bacteria
-
Gram -ve aerobic bacteria
-
Gram +ve anaerobic bacteria
-
Gram +ve aerobic bacteria
Pregunta 47
Pregunta
Aminoglycosides are typically bactericidal.
Pregunta 48
Pregunta
Aminoglycosides have poor oral bioavailability.
Pregunta 49
Pregunta
How are aminoglycosides eliminated from the body?
Respuesta
-
Liver metabolism
-
Renal excretion
-
Excreted in bile
-
Metabolism in muscles
Pregunta 50
Pregunta
How do macrocodes inhibit bacteria protein synthesis?
Respuesta
-
Bind to ‘A’ site, prevent initiation
-
Bind to ‘P’ site, prevent translocation
-
Bind to ‘E’ site, prevent translocation
-
Bind to ‘A’ site, prevent termination
Pregunta 51
Pregunta
What type of bacteria are macrocodes more efficacious against?
Pregunta 52
Pregunta
Macrocodes have poor oral bioavailability.
Pregunta 53
Pregunta
How are macrolides eliminated from he body?
Respuesta
-
Metabolised by liver
-
Renal excretion
-
Excreted in bile
-
Metabolism in muscles
Pregunta 54
Pregunta
At doses normally used in veterinary practice, erythromycin is bactericidal.
Pregunta 55
Pregunta
How do lincosamides inhibit bacteria protein synthesis?
Respuesta
-
Bind to 'A' site, prevent initiation
-
Bind to 'P' site, prevent elongation
-
Bind to 'E' site, prevent elongation
-
Bind to 'E' site, prevent termination
Pregunta 56
Pregunta
How do tetracyclines inhibit bacterial protein synthesis?
Respuesta
-
Bind to 'A' site, prevent initiation
-
Bind to 'P' site, prevent elongation
-
Bind to 'E' site, prevent elongation
-
Bind to 'E' site, prevent termination
Pregunta 57
Pregunta
Which class of bacteria are tetracyclines most effective against?
Pregunta 58
Pregunta
Tetracyclines have a bacteriostatic effect.
Pregunta 59
Pregunta
How are tetracyclines eliminated from the body?
Respuesta
-
Metabolism by the liver
-
Renal excretion
-
Excreted in bile
-
Metabolism by muscles
Pregunta 60
Pregunta
Tetracyclines inhibit mammalian protein synthesis. Why are the side effects not more severe than those observed if this is the case?
Respuesta
-
The drug is delivered directly to the site of action, minimising the systematic effect
-
The concentration is not high enough to affect mammalian cells
-
Mammalian cells do not efficiently transport tetracyclines across cell membrane
-
Tetracyclines on affect cells with a cell wall
Pregunta 61
Pregunta
How does chloramphenicol inhibit bacterial protein synthesis?
Respuesta
-
Binds to 'A' site, inhibits initiation
-
Binds to 'P' site, inhibits elongation
-
Inhibits peptide bond formation
-
Binds to 'E' site, inhibits termination
Pregunta 62
Pregunta
Chloramphenicol is banned in food-producing animals
Pregunta 63
Pregunta
Chloramphenicol had poor oral bioavailability.
Pregunta 64
Pregunta
Chloramphenicol can cross the BBB.
Pregunta 65
Pregunta
Chloramphenicol has a bacteriocidal effect.
Pregunta 66
Pregunta
How is chloramphenicol eliminated from the body?
Respuesta
-
Liver metabolism
-
Renal excretion
-
Excreted in bile
-
Metabolised in muscles
Pregunta 67
Pregunta
In which class of bacteria is chloramphenicol most efficacious?
Pregunta 68
Pregunta
Which of the following drugs affect folate synthesis?
Respuesta
-
Cyclosporins
-
Chloramphenicol
-
Sulphonamides
-
Tetracycline
-
Trimethoprim
Pregunta 69
Pregunta
Which class of bacteria are sulphonamides most efficacious against?
Pregunta 70
Pregunta
Sulphonamides have poor oral bioavailability.
Pregunta 71
Pregunta
Sulphonamides can cross the BBB.
Pregunta 72
Pregunta
How are sulphonamides excreted from the body?
Respuesta
-
Metabolised by the liver
-
Renal excretion
-
Excreted in bile
-
Metabolised by muscles
Pregunta 73
Pregunta
Sulphonamides have a bacteriostatic effect.
Pregunta 74
Pregunta
How does trimethoprim affect bacterial folate synthesis?
Respuesta
-
Inhibits uptake of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA)
-
Inhibits dihydropteroate synthetase (DHPS)
-
Inhibits dihydropteroate reductase (DHPR)
-
Inhibits dihydrofolate synthetase (DHFS)
-
Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR)
Pregunta 75
Pregunta
How are fluoroquinolones eliminated form the body?
Respuesta
-
Metabolised by liver
-
Renal excretion
-
Excreted in bile
-
Metabolised by muscles
Pregunta 76
Pregunta
Fluoroquinolones have poor oral bioavailability
Pregunta 77
Pregunta
Fluoroquinolones have a bactericidal effect.
Pregunta 78
Pregunta
Which class of bacteria is metronidazole most efficacious against?
Pregunta 79
Pregunta
Metronidazole has good oral bioavailability
Pregunta 80
Pregunta
Metronidazole can cross the BBB.
Pregunta 81
Pregunta
How is metronidazole eliminated from the body?
Respuesta
-
Metabolised by the liver
-
Renal excretion
-
Biliary excretion
-
Metabolised by muscles