7651042
Pregunta 1
Pregunta
This phase of the cardiac cycle produces the S2 sound.
Respuesta
-
Rapid ejection
-
Reduced ejection
-
Isovolumetric relaxation
-
Rapid ventricular filling
-
Reduced ventricular filling
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
Which center of the brain is responsible for modulating the cardiac pacemaker and renal vasodilation?
Respuesta
-
Hypothalamus
-
Posterior pituitary
-
Medulla
-
Pons
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
An increase in which of the following values will make blood LESS turbulent?
Respuesta
-
Density of blood
-
Diameter of vessel
-
Velocity of blood
-
Viscosity of blood
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Which of the following ions is responsible for the rapid depolarizing phase of the action potential in the SA node and AV node?
Respuesta
-
Na+
-
K+
-
Ca++
-
Cl-
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Which of the following would result in vascular smooth muscle contraction?
Respuesta
-
Decreased [Ca++]
-
Increased [cAMP]
-
Increased [cGMP]
-
Endothelin
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Which of the following muscarinic receptor subtypes is located in the heart?
Respuesta
-
M1
-
M2
-
M3
-
M4
-
M5
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
This phase of the cardiac cycle is when the S1 sound is heard.
Respuesta
-
Isovolumetric ventricular contraction
-
Rapid ejection
-
Reduced ejection
-
Isovolumetric relaxation
-
Rapid ventricular filling
-
Reduced ventricular filling
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
The sympathetic anatomic pathway causes a tachycardic effector response via norepinephrine binding to which receptor?
Respuesta
-
alpha1
-
alpha2
-
beta1
-
beta2
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
Which of the following as the greatest affinity for alpha 1 receptors?
Respuesta
-
Acetylcholine
-
Norepinephrine
-
Epinephrine
-
Isoproterenol
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Which of the following has the largest internal radius?
Respuesta
-
Vena cava
-
Aorta
-
Small arteries
-
Arterioles
-
Capillaries
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Which of the following statements concerning the sympathetic nervous system is TRUE?
Respuesta
-
Most preganglionic sympathetic axons are unmyelinated
-
The chain of sympathetic ganglia extends from the upper neck (C2-3) to the coccyx
-
The postganglionic axons rejoin the spinal nerves via the white rami communicantes
-
Sympathetic preganglionic axons release acetylcholine to activate muscarinic receptors.
-
Preganglionic sympathetic cell bodies are located within the ventral horn
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Which adrenergic receptor is commonly found in the heart, salivary glands, adipose tissue and kidney?
Respuesta
-
alpha1
-
alpha2
-
beta1
-
beta2
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
S4 corresponds to?
Respuesta
-
Closure of mitral and tricuspid valves
-
Closure of aortic and pulmonary valves
-
Opening of stenotic mitral valve
-
Diastolic filling gallop or ventricular or protodiastolic gallup
-
Atrial sound that creates an atrial or presystolic gallup
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Which of the following would you expect if the diameter of vessel was decreased?
Respuesta
-
No significant change to flow
-
Increased laminar flow
-
Decreased turbulent flow
-
Increased Reynolds number
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
All preganglionic neurons whether sympathetic or parasympathetic release acetylcholine to stimulate which type of receptor?
Respuesta
-
M1 type muscarinic receptors
-
M2 type muscarinic receptors
-
M3 type muscarinic receptors
-
N1 type nicotinic receptors
-
N2 type nicotinic receptors
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers originating in S2-S4 exit the spinal cord through the which region?
Respuesta
-
Dorsal roots
-
Ventral roots
-
Intermediolateral column
-
Medial column
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
Which of the following is not a sensory input of the autonomic nervous system?
Respuesta
-
Mechanoreceptors
-
Chemoreceptors
-
Golgi tendon organs
-
Nociceptors
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
Vasoconstriction in most blood vessels such as skin is produced from norepinephrine binding to which receptor?
Respuesta
-
alpha1
-
Alpha2
-
beta1
-
beta2
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Where is the highest resistance to blood flow found?
Respuesta
-
Arteries
-
Arterioles
-
Capillaries
-
Venules
-
Veins
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
Where is the Na+ current not found?
Respuesta
-
SA node
-
Purkinje fibers
-
Atrial muscle
-
Ventricular muscle
Pregunta 21
Pregunta
The vagus nerve is the name for which cranial nerve?
Respuesta
-
III
-
VII
-
IX
-
X
-
XI
Pregunta 22
Pregunta
Which of the following has the greatest affinity for beta 1 and beta 2 receptors?
Respuesta
-
Isoprotenerol
-
Epinephrine
-
Norepinephrine
-
Acetylcholine
Pregunta 23
Pregunta
S3 corresponds to?
Respuesta
-
Closure of mitral and tricuspid valves
-
Closure of aortic and pulmonary valves
-
Opening of a stenotic mitral valve
-
Diastolic filling gallup or ventricular or Ignore gallop
-
Atrial sound that creates and atrial or presystolic gallop
Pregunta 24
Pregunta
Which of the following has the smallest aggregate cross-sectional area.
Respuesta
-
Vena cava
-
Aorta
-
Small arteries
-
Arterioles
-
Capillaries
Pregunta 25
Pregunta
What adrenergic receptor would you expect to find on arterioles that when activated cause constriction of smooth muscle reducing the vessel diameter?
Respuesta
-
Alpha1
-
Alpha2
-
Beta1
-
Beta2
Pregunta 26
Pregunta
What is the largest current in the heart?
Respuesta
-
Na+
-
Ca++
-
K+
-
Cl-
Pregunta 27
Pregunta
Which of the following cranial nerves is not a component of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Respuesta
-
III
-
VII
-
IX
-
X
-
Xi
Pregunta 28
Pregunta
Which of the following receptor types are inotropic?
Respuesta
-
Nicotinic
-
Muscarinic
-
Adrenergic
Pregunta 29
Pregunta
Mean linear velocity is greatest in which of the following types of vessels?
Respuesta
-
Vena cava
-
Aorta
-
Small arteries
-
Arterioles
-
Capillaries
Pregunta 30
Pregunta
The mechanism of action for this receptor involves inhibiting adenylyl cyclase , decreasing cAMP.
Respuesta
-
Alpha1
-
Alpha2
-
beta1
-
Beta2
Pregunta 31
Pregunta
Which of the following is innervated by the parasympathetic nervous system?
Respuesta
-
Erectile tissue
-
Sweat glands
-
All skeletal blood vessels
-
Adrenal gland
Pregunta 32
Pregunta
An opening snap corresponds to.
Respuesta
-
Closure of aortic and pulmonary valves
-
Closure of mitral and tricuspid valves
-
Opening of a stenotic mitral valve
-
Diastolic filling gallop or ventriculoar protosystodiastolic gallop
Pregunta 33
Pregunta
Which of the following organs are innervated by the sympathetic chain ganglion instead of a pre-vetebral plexus ganglion?
Respuesta
-
Gallbladder
-
Liver
-
Large intestine
-
Heart
-
Bladder
Pregunta 34
Pregunta
In the circulatory system, where is the greatest decrease in pressure found?
Respuesta
-
Capillaries
-
Arterioles
-
Venules
-
Arteries
-
Veins
Pregunta 35
Pregunta
Which of the following is responsible for the rapid depolarizing phase of the action potential in the atrial and ventricular muscle and in Purkinje fibers?
Respuesta
-
Na+
-
K+
-
Ca++
-
Cl-
Pregunta 36
Pregunta
Which of the following receptors involves IP3 increasing intracellular Ca++?
Respuesta
-
Alpha1
-
Alpha2
-
Beta1
-
Beta2
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