Objectives:
Describe the microanatomy of tissues in the joints and explain how their structure reflects their function.
Define the three classes of joints and explain how their structure reflects their function.
Hyaline cartilage is the same as articular cartilage.
Fibrocartilage is what the epiphyseal plate is made from.
Fibrocartilage has a different histological structure from hyaline cartilage.
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Choose the correct statements about cartilage histology.
Respuesta
The chondrocytes live in lacunae.
Cartilage is composed mainly of collagen fibres.
Cartilage is white due to fatty acids.
Cartilage acquires nutrients via diffusion as it is not vascular.
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Diffusion of nutrients into cartilage is achieved via 'loading', regular joint movement/activity
Respuesta
True
False
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
Hyaline cartilage is [blank_start]amorphous[blank_end], with [blank_start]little[blank_end] collagen content, and a [blank_start]high[blank_end] water content, that resists [blank_start]compression.[blank_end]
Fibrocartilage has [blank_start]many[blank_end] bundles of collagen, and resists [blank_start]tension.[blank_end] The orientation of these fibres are aligned in the direction of stress and so it also resists [blank_start]compression[blank_end], making it specialised.
Respuesta
amorphous
little
high
compression.
many
sparse
tension.
compression
tension
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Lack of bony congruence is made up for by hyaline cartilage moulding to the articulations of synovial joints.
Respuesta
True
False
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Hyaline cartilage remodels.
Respuesta
True
False
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
The more bony congruence there is, the more soft tissue support is needed.
Respuesta
True
False
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
The menisci are convexly shaped and diffuse forces through the bones of the knee.
Respuesta
True
False
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Choose the incorrect statement.
Respuesta
Intervertebral discs are made of fibrocartilage.
The nucleus pulposus is a gel like structure which resists compression, and is distributed over the top of the intervertebral disc.
"Slipping a disk" is a tear in the fibrocartilage of the intervertebral disc where the nucleus pulposus has been removed from the proper position.
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Choose the correct statements about ligaments and tendons.
Respuesta
They are composed of DFCT.
They have low collagen content.
They are slightly vascularised.
They are maintained by fibroblasts.
Ligaments join muscle to bone at an insertion, facilitating movement.
Tendons join bone to bone, restricting unwanted movement.
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
A lateral ligament will restrict adduction.
Respuesta
True
False
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
When a tendon is pulled out it usually takes a section of bone with it.