Biology Paper One

Pregunta	Respuesta
Which sub-cellular structure controls the activities inside the cell?	The nucleus is the sub-cellular structure that controls the activities inside the cell.
Where are proteins made in a cell?	Ribosomes are the place in which proteins are made.
Write down three structures that are found in plant cells but not in animal cells	Three structures that are found in plant cells but not animals cells are the permanent vacuole, chloroplasts and the cell wall.
What is the function of cell sap?	The function of cell sap is to support the plant.
Where is DNA found in a bacterium?	The DNA in a bacterium is found in small loops called plasmids
Arrange these structures in order of size: Bacterium, liver cell, nucleus, ribosome	BIGGEST: liver cell nucleus bacterium SMALLEST: ribosome
A nucleus is measured as 0.005mm in diameters. How many micrometres is this?	0.005milimeteres is equal to 0.5micrometres
How many chromosomes are there in each human body cell?	There are 46 chromosomes in each human body cell, which is equal to 23 pairs of chromosomes
Why is it important that the chromosomes are copied before mitosis takes place?	It is important that chromosomes are copied before mitosis takes place so that each new cell gets the full amount of chromosomes.
What is a stem cell?	A stem cell is a cell that is not specialised and can divide to form various types of cells.
Why does a plant have a meristem at the tip of the shoot and the tip of each root?	A plant has a meristem in these places to produce new cells so that the root and shoot can grow.
What is required for substances to be absorbed against a concentration gradient?	Energy for respiration is required for substances to be absorbed against a concentration gradient.
Why do cells differentiate?	Cells differentiate to become specialised and more efficient.
Why do sperm cells contain a lot of mitochondria?	Sperm cells contain a lot of mitochondria to provide energy for the sperm to swim.
What is a group of cells with a similar structure and function called?	A group of cells with a similar structure and function are called a tissue.
What is the function of epithelia?	The function of epithelia is to cover the body.
Is the heart, a tissue, an organ or an organ system?	The heart is an organ.
What type of molecule is an enzyme?	An enzyme is a protein molecule.
Give two factors that affect the rate at which enzymes work?	Two factors that affect the rate at which enzymes work is the concentration of the enzyme and the temperature.
What type of enzyme breaks down lipids?	The enzyme that breaks down lipids is lipase.
Where are protease enzymes produced in the body?	Protease enzymes are produced in the pancreas, stomach and the small intestine.
Where is bile produced?	Bile is produced in the liver.
Which component of blood makes it clot?	The component of blood that makes it clot are called platelets.
How are red blood cells adapted to carry oxygen?	The ways in which red blood cells are adapted to carry oxygen is that they have no nucleus, they have a biconcave structure and they also have haemoglobin which the oxygen latches to.
What type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?	The blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart is called the artery.
In which chamber does deoxygenated blood enter the heart?	The chamber in which deoxygenated blood enters the body is called the right ventricle.
What do the heart and veins contain to prevent backflow of blood?	The heart and veins contain valves to stop the backflow of blood.
State whether each of these diseases are communicable or non-communicable. a)flu b)Scurvy c)lung cancer	flu-communicable scurvy-non-communicable lung cancer-non-communicable
hy can spending too long in the sun result in skin cancer?	Spending too long in the sun can result in skin cancer because the UV light can trigger cancer.
Give one risk for type two diabetes.	One risk for type two diabetes is being overweight.

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