Biology 4.1.1 Vaccines and immunity

Descripción

A level (4.1.1 Diseases) Biology Fichas sobre Biology 4.1.1 Vaccines and immunity, creado por Sam Gunnell el 05/06/2019.
Sam Gunnell
Fichas por Sam Gunnell, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Sam Gunnell
Creado por Sam Gunnell hace más de 5 años
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Resumen del Recurso

Pregunta Respuesta
What is a vaccination? A deliberate exposure to an antigen to produce an immune response
What can be in a vaccine? -Weakened form of a microbe -Antigens of a pathogen
What is herd immunity? When enough people are vaccinated to provide immunioty for the whole population as eventhough not everyone is vaccinated, there is no one to give it to those that havnt been vaccinated
What is ring immunity? When a new case of a disease is reported, all the perople around the infected person are vaccinated, preventing it from spreading
What is active immunity? When a person makes their own antibodies to fight a disease
What is passive immunity? When a patient is given someone elses' antibodies
What is natural immunity? It is a pre-existing and natural defense mechanism inherited from parents to offspring
What is artificial immunity? Making someone immune to a disease through treatment rather than just waiting for them to catch the disease
Why does the flu/influenza vaccine need to be refreshed every year? The virus keeps mutating so that the antigens change shape so the T memory cells produced will no longer be complimentary to the antigen, so antobodies can't be made as the cell won't get activated
Give two reasons why new drugs are needed -Not all diseases have cures yet -Some antibiotics are becoming ineffective
Give two possible ways that new medicineas can be discovered with an example -Accidental discovery eg Flemming eith penicilin -Plant research eg fox glove can treat abnormal heartbeat rhythms
Explain what antibiotics do and suggest a reason why they are becoming ineffective Antibiotics prevent the growth of bacteria but overuse can result in resistant bacteria developing
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