Disraeli and the Conservative Party

Pregunta	Respuesta
Who was Disraeli's father?	Isaac D'Israeli Author Italian Jew from Venice Convert to Christianity
Disraeli's personality	Vain Two faced Flamboyant Wants to be PM but doesn't care how Unprincipled Individual
The Protectionists	Led by Disraeli & Derby Felt Peel had Betrayed the party Reduced to a rump of 'agricultural fanatics' Appeared to be backward looking Known as the 'Stupid Party'
The Peelites	Peel & Gladstone Repeal of the Corn Laws was duty of the government More liberal & progressive Later joined with Whigs/Liberals 'Brains went with Peel'
Why was Disraeli an unlikely leader of the Conservative Party?	From Jewish Family Not upper class hadn't attended elite private school Very controversial in appearance and manner Complete opposite to the traditional Tory/Conservative MP
What was 'Young England'?	Group of aristocratic Conservative MPs Had belief that aristocracy should rule Disraeli not aristocratic - unusual Disraeli acts as the mouthpiece of the group
What can we learn about Disraeli's political beliefs from studying his early novels?	Interested in class conflict & how elite should rule Concern for the labouring classes Living & working conditions of poor were high in his political beliefs 2 nations ignorant to each other
Why was there a rivalry between Peel and Disraeli?	Disraeli had personal matters against Peel Peel didn't chose him for cabinet Divided ideas about Corn Laws Believed Peel betrayed the party by abandoning ideas Peel believed main principle was for the public not the party
What views did Disraeli develop on British society and the Whig Party?	Whigs widened gap between themselves & working classes 2 Nations
Why was there a pressure for reform?	Over 5 million adult males in England & Wales but less than 1 million could vote Unfair 1832 Reform Act Respectable working class, reform needed before something like Chartism emerged again
Gladstone's Reform proposals 1866	Up to 1/4 of electorate working class - enfranchisement would't change much Originally proposed £6 property qualification 250,000 people making ti possible for working class voters to dominate boroughs - Whigs didn't like this Brought up to £7 - 100,000 less people £14 in counties - 170,000 people
Why was Gladstone's Bill defeated?	30 Whigs encouraged by Disraeli rebelled & defeated Bill Disraeli convinced people it was too radical
Disraeli's original proposals for reform?	All male ratepayers in boroughs gain vote 400,000 new voters Only those who paid rated directly could vote Would deny 400,000 the vote
Opposition to the Conservative reform	General Peel threatened to resign, Disraeli talked about £5 qualification, Queen persuaded Peel to stay & household suffrage restored Cranborne threatened to resign, £6 qualification talked about, others felt it was playing into Gladstone's hands so original restored
How were the final details decided?	In one day of frantic meeting on their way to Cabinet approval and presentation to the Commons
The terms of the Second Reform Act 1867 - Franchise	Boroughs - all adult male owners & occupiers of house could vote Lodgers occupying £10 lodgings a year Counties - adult male & long leaseholders of property worth £5 a year could vote Adult male occupiers of land worth £12 a year could vote
The terms of the Second Reform Act 1867 - Constituencies	45 seats taken from smaller parliamentary boroughs - pop under 1000 19 seats given to larger boroughs including 3rd member for 4 largest provincial cities 25 seats given to largest counties London University given 1 seat
Why was the Second Reform Act passed?	Fear of revolution, radicalism Widen party appeal Prove his worth, prove he would be good leader of party & nation Prove Conservatives aren't beaten Change party's priority to reform Get one over on Gladstone
What were the limitations of the 1867 Reform Act?	Voters rose by 45% in counties, 135% in boroughs - prepared to let radicals have their way in boroughs but Conservatives still controlled counties 25 seats went to counties were conservatives did best London, Midlands & North under represented County working class excluded no secret ballot Working class didn't make dramatic impact
The principles of Tory Democracy	Church & State Conservative Paternalism Social Reform Adaption Imperialism Organisation

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