Cell Division

Pregunta	Respuesta
Why is cell division so important?	For growth and for repair of damaged tissues.
Where are chromosomes found? What do they contain? Why?	Chromosomes are found in the nucleus of cells. They are important for carrying genes and DNA molecules.
What is a gene? What does it do?	A gene is a section of DNA that controls the characteristics of the body. Each gene codes for a specific protein and specifies which order the amino acids join together.
What are alleles? What do they produce? What must happen to them?	Different forms of gene. They produce different characteristics. They must be passed on to every new cell.
Why must the chromosome number stay the same when cells divide?	Otherwise, characteristics could change as the inherited material gets altered. So the cells can do the same job and function.
Chromosomes are found in...	Pairs
How many chromosomes in a human cell? How many pairs?	46 chromosomes 23 pairs One from mum. One from dad.
Body cells divide by...	Mitosis
Mitosis produces cells by..	Asexual reproduction
What is the first stage in Mitosis?	The cell is resting
Before the cell can divide, it must... Why?	Copy each chromosome in the nucleus so exactly the same genetic material is produced.
What forms that makes the chromosomes line up on the equator? When does this happen?	Spindles form and the chromosomes line up on the equator. This happens after DNA replication.
Chromosome strands move to... poles of the cell	Opposite
A membrane is formed around the chromosomes that creates two genetically identical cells. What is the membrane called?	A nuclear membrane
Before DNA replication, what does the nucleus do?	It enlarges so the chromosomes are clearly visible
Cells in reproductive organs divide by...	Meiosis
What does Meiosis produce? Give an example	Gametes (sex cells) Sperm cells and ova
Normal body cells have a... number of chromosomes	Diploid
Gametes have a... number of chromosomes	Haploid
Gametes contain.... set(s) of genetic information	One
How many daughter cells does Mitosis make?	Two
How many daughter cells does Meiosis make?	Four
Before Meiosis do the cells have the same number of chromosomes as normal body cells?	Yes Before dividing, the cells in the reproductive organs look like normal body cells with 46 chromosomes
True/False In Meiosis, the chromosomes are copied before the cell divides	True Every chromosome is replicated
How many times does the cell divide in Meiosis?	Twice Instead of in Mitosis when it is only once
The original cell is called...	The parent cell
The newly made cells are called...	Daughter cells

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	Creado por Charnanigan14 hace casi 11 años