Evolution Flashcards

Pregunta	Respuesta
Consists of all the genes, including all the different alleles for each gene, that are present in a population	Gene Pool
The number of times an allele occurs in a gene pool, compared to the total number of alleles in that pool for the same gene	Allele Frequency
A trait controlled by only one gene; eg: shells with or without bands on snails	Single-Gene Trait
Trait controlled by two or more genes; eg: height	Polygenic Traits
When individuals at one end of the curve have higher frequencies than individuals in the middle or at the other end	Directional Selection
When individuals near the center of the curve have higher fitness than individuals at either end	Stabilizing Selection
When individuals at the outer ends of the curve have higher fitness than individuals near the middle of the curve	Disruptive Selection
In small populations, individuals that carry a particular allele may leave more descendants than other individuals leave, just by chance. Over time, a series of chance occurrences can cause an allele to become more or less common in a population.	Genetic Drift
A change in allele frequency following a dramatic reduction in the size of a population	Bottleneck Effect
Allele frequencies change as a result of the migration of a small subgroup of a population	Founder Effect
When a population is not evolving and allele frequencies in its gene pool do not change	Genetic Equilibrium
Allele frequencies in a population should remain constant unless one or more factors cause those frequencies to change	Hardy-Weinberg Principle
Individuals select mates based on heritable traits, such as size, strength, or coloration	Sexual Selection
Population or group of populations whose members can interbreed and produce fertile offspring	Species
Formation of a new species	Speciation
Two populations that no longer interbreed	Reproductive Isolation
Two populations that are capable of interbreeding develop differences in courtship rituals or other behaviors	Behavioral Isolation
When two populations are separated by geographic barriers such as rivers, mountains, or bodies of water	Geographic Isolation
When two or more species reproduce at different times	Temporal Isolation
Comparing stretches of DNA to mark the passage of evolutionary time	Molecular Clock

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	Creado por Stefania Schoen hace más de 7 años