Early Military Geology (Structures)

5 Main Warfare Categories
1. Tactical & Strategic terrain analysis
2. Fortifications and Tunnelling
3. Resource Aquisition
4. Defence installations
5. Field Construction & logistics
Fortification Construction
1. Reasons
  1. Strategic Purpose
    1. Control/protect borders
    2. Protect comms. eg- Rivers
    3. Dominate Region
    4. Use as an army base
  2. Defensibility
    1. Enhancing Natural obsticles
  3. Security
    1. No higher ground & good visibility
  4. Accessibility
    1. Escape Route
    2. Onsite water supply (wells)
  5. Available construction materials
  6. Firm Foundations
  7. Well drained
2. Ideal site:
  1. Isolated Rock Hillock
  2. 100-300m diameter
  3. Along navigable harbour
  4. -Igneous intrusion, resistant outcrop strata, lithological changes, structural fearure (fold/fault), erosion can enhance the afformentioned
3. UK Castles
  1. Scottish Castles
    1. Edinburgh
      1. Igneous Strata
      2. Carboniferous Volcanic plug, soft materials surrounding
      3. Accentuated by glacial erosion leaving sloping tail
      4. 27.4m deep well
        David's tower collapsed into well causing a surrender
    2. Dunbar
    3. Stirling
    4. Great Whin Sill
      1. Permo-Carboniferous quartz dolerite
      2. Bamburgh
        high sill exposure into sediments
        Fell to Yorkists due to gunpowder
      3. Dunstanburgh
        built on prominent headland
        Sill intruding sediments
        Fault weakness forms harbour
  2. English Castles
    1. Beeston
      1. built on triassic sandstone-
        150m above cheshire plane
        124m deep well
      2. Royalists captured scaling crag at night
    2. harlech
      1. built on an anticline known as the harlech dome
        Caledonian Orogeny
        Greywackes
        Area where the castle is built is free of boulder clay
    3. Windsor
      1. built on Upper chalk anticline
        Surrounded by london clay
        Thames erosion caused castle to be 30m high
      2. 3 wells 50m deep
    4. Corfe
      1. Chalk monocline
      2. River N, W & S
4. Summary
  1. Took advantage of local geology/topography
  2. Engineering extending natural features
  3. used access & comm routes effectively
  4. reliable water supplies

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Early Military Geology (Structures)

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	Creado por Jordan Green hace casi 6 años