Long term energy store, protective padding for vital organs & insulation
found in butter and vegetable oil
protein
Nota:
Growth and repair of tissues &
many other roles such as enzymes
found in meat and fish
vitamin A
Nota:
Makes pigment to allow you
to see in the dark eating an excess will not improve sight
found in carrots
deficiency in vitamin A creates a loss of the ability to see in the dark this disease is called night blindness
vitamin C
Nota:
Sticks cells that line surfaces
e.g. gums together
found in citrus fruits
deficiency in Vitamin C means the cells that line surfaces of your body (such as the gums) won't stick together as well causing diseases like scurvy
Vitamin D
Nota:
Allows body to absorb calcium
Made by the skin in sunlight
deficiency in vitamin D means your bones will soften due to lack of calcium this disease is called rickets
iron
Nota:
A necessary part of the chemical
in blood called Haemoglobin which allows the blood to carry oxygen
found in red meat and spinach
calcium
Nota:
strengthens bones
found in milk
water
Nota:
Major component in blood and
cells
Carbohydrate
Nota:
Energy store & source for respiration, found in Bread,
pasta, potatoes, and any sugars(they have carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in them)
dietry fibre
Nota:
mussels in intestines,push against fibre to push food through
found in Fruit and vegetables
energy
test for amount
Nota:
burn a piece of food under a test tube with 10cm cubed of water in it recording the temp before and after it has burnt with a thermometer and therefore work out the temp change. to work out the energy in the food multiply the temp change by the weight of water (1 g/ 1 cm cubed) then multiply by 4.2 ( the joules of energy needed to raise the temp of 1 g of water by 1 degree c) therefore in this case if the temp change is 10 degrees c the the energy is 10 x 10 x 4.2= 420 joules. to work out joules/ gram of food (used to compare energy in more than one food) simply divide by the weight of the food
measured in
Nota:
joules-what you should use
calories-what packages use normally
different needs for different people...
Nota:
what influences how much energy you need?
age
size
gender
job
pregnant or not
breast feeding
where you live (hot cold high low)