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Chapter 4: Sociological Analysis of Material Culture
Descripción
Summary of chapter 4
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Kevin Durán
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Resumen del Recurso
Chapter 4: Sociological Analysis of Material Culture
Sociology
The study of human beings in groups and institutions. Focus is on the way society functions and other aspects of collective behavior.
Artifacts
They are in society and society is reflected on them, witnesses to the present
Suggest our wealth and socioeconomic class
Advertising
Teaches how to be "discriminating" consumers and to recognize what brands go with what kind of people.
August Comte
Goal was to: "know in order to predict in order to control." Help create a more humane and rational social order
Emile Durkheim
Relationship that exists between individuals and society is very complicated.
Individual Being
Has its foundation in the organism and the circle of whose activities, strictly limited
Social Being
Represents the highest reality in the intellectual and moral order, by observation.
Individuality, we are an "organism," social beings, whose ideas and values are shaped by social order.
Structural-functionalists
Institutions in society are part of an ongoing system of institutions, connected to all others.
Focus on whether an institution helps contribute to the stability and maintenance of society, "functional"
Functional Alternative: Substitutes for original function
Manifest Function: stated reason for using something
Latent Function: Unconscious factors involved in using something
Helps contribute to the destabilization and breakdown of society, "dysfunctional."
If an institution plays no role, "non-functional."
Typologies
Classification schemes, help us better understand the way societies, institutions, phenomena function.
Taste Cultures: entertain us, inform us, and beautify our lives.
Herbert J. Gans
Choices people make about the objects they purchase are connected to one another.
High Culture
Upper Middle Culture
Lower Middle Culture
Quasi-Folk Low Culture
Youth, Black, and Ethnic Cultures
"beautiful" or desired objects enhances a feeling of wellbeing/succesful
Purchasing objects, enable us to escape, enhance the quality of our lives, short time a sense of power
We imitate desires reflected by advertisements and commercials
The choice of our possessions reflects "taste," or aesthetic values
Race: categorizing people by their genetic heritage.
Negroid
Mongoloid
Caucasian
Dominant motivators behind the purchase, she objects are gender specific.
Ethnicity: refers to groups that share certain religious, racial, national, and cultural traits and cuisine.
Race: position an individual has in some group
Ascribed Status: factors based on gender, age, family status
Achieved status: based on merits, abilities, success in various endeavors
Role: behavior expected of people who have a particular status, unconscious.
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