Biology AQA 3.1.2 Proteins

Functions of proteins
1. antibodies
2. enzymes
3. growth and repair of cells
Structure of an Amino Acid
Condensation reaction (removal of water) forms bonds between molecules
1. bonds between proteins are called peptide bonds
Structure
1. Primary
  1. specific chain of amino acids
  2. depends on the order and number of amino acids
  3. gives it, it's specific function
2. secondary
  1. Hydrogen bonds in between molecules
  2. double helix
  3. twist around each other
3. tertiary
  1. hydrogen bonds
  2. ionic bonds
  3. sulfide bonds
  4. Give enzymes their specific active site and shape
4. Quartenery
  1. Lots of tertiary structure
  2. might be non-proteins associated
    1. haemoglobin
Biuret test
1. copper sulfate and sodium hydroxide added to solution
  1. violet colour if peptide bonds are present

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