11954350
Description
Flashcards by Sandra Weaver, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Sandra Weaver
over 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| PICK DISEASE definition | Degenerative disease of the frontal & temporal cortex; spares the parietal & occipital lobes |
| PICK DISEASE looks like/location symptoms | 1. round aggregates of tau protein (Pick bodies) in neurons of cortex 2. behavioral and language symptoms early-then dementia |
| PARKINSON DISEASE Definition; related to; etiology | 1. Degenerative loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substania nigra of ganglia 2. related to aging - 2% of adults 3. unknown etiology |
| PARKINSON DISEASE Clinical features | TRAP T=Tremor R= Rigidity A= Akinesia P= Postural instability & shuffling gait |
| PARKINSON DISEASE Histology | 1. loss of pigmented neurons in substantia nigra & round eosinophiic inclusions of a-synuclein (Lewy bodies) |
| PARKINSON DISEASE Dementia - early Histology | suggestive of Lewy body dementia-characterized by dementia, hallucinations and partkinsonian features Histology-corical Lewy bodies |
| HUNTINGTON DISEASE Definition | Degeneration of GABAergic neurons in the caudate nucleus of the basal ganglia |
| HUNTINGTON DISEASE Definition details (2) | 1. Autosomal dominant disorder (chromosome 4) characterized by expanded trinucleotide repeats (CAG) 2. Further expansion of repeats during spermatogenesis leads to anticipation |
| HUNTINGTON DISEASE Presents with; average age; inclined to | 1. presents with chorea -dementia and depression 2. average age 40 3. suicide |
| SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY Description | Degenerative disease due to prion protein |
| SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY prion protein | CNS neurons in an a-helical configuration (PrPc) |
| SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY How does disease arise ... | 1. conversion to B-pleated conformation (PrPsc) |
| SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY Pathologic Protein (3) | 1. not degradable 2. converts normal protein into pathologic form resulting in vicious cycle 3. Damage to neurons and glial cells characterized by intracellular vacuoles (spongy degeneration) |
| SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) (3) | 1. sporadic 2. rarely can arise - exposure to prion infected human tissue (human growth hormone) 3. presents as rapidly progressive dementia/ataxia & startle myoclonus (EEG-spike waves /death in less than yar) |
| SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) Variant | special form exposure to Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mad cow disease) |
| SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY Familial Fatal Insomnia (3) | inherited severe insomnia exaggerated startle response |
| GLIOBLASTOMA MLTIFORME (GBM) Description (2) arises ? | 1. Malignant, high grade tumor of astrocytes 2. most common malignant CNS tumor in adults 3. arises in cerebral hemisphere/crosses corpus callosum (butterfly lesion) |
| GLIOBLASTOMA MLTIFORME (GBM) Characterized by...(2) Prognosis | 1. regions of necrosis surrounded by tumor cells (pseudolpalisading) and endothelial cell proliferation 2. GFAP positive 3. poor prognosis |
| MENINGIOMA Description Who | 1. Benign tumor of arachnoid cells 2. most common CNS in adults 3. common in women/rare in children |
| MENINGIOMA Presents as Location | seizures compresses cortex (no invasion_ |
| MENINGIOMA imaging histology | round mass attached to dura whorled pattern psammoma bodies may be present |
| SCHWANNOMA Description Location Presents | 1. Benign tumor of Schwann cells 2. involves cranial or spinal nerves 3. Cranium: Cranial 8 nerve at cerebellopontine angle & presents as hearing loss and tinnitus |
| SCHWANNOMA Tumor cells are... Bilateral tumors are seen? | 1. cells are S-100 positive 2. Bilateral tumors are seen in neurofibromatosis type 2 |
| OLIGODENDROGLIOMA definition | 1. Malignant tumor of oligodendrocytes |
| PARKINSON NIgrostriatal pathway of ganglia uses ______ for ________________ | dopamine for movement |
| SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY Conversion can be (3) | conversion can be sporadic, inherited, transmitted |
| OLIGODENDROGLIOMA imaging | Imaging =calcified tumor in the white matter, usually involving frontal lobe |
| OLIGODENDROGLIOMA presents | may present with seizures |
| OLIGODENDROGLIOMA Looks on biopsy | Fried egg appearance on biopsy |
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