14845476
Description
Flashcards by Ashutosh Kumar, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Ashutosh Kumar
almost 6 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
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Dx:
Epidemiology:
Diagnostic criteria:
Image:
Eczema (binary/octet-stream)
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Eczema/Atopic dermatitis Epidemiology: First appears <5 years of age Dx: An itchy skin condition in the last 12 months + 3 or more of the following: 1. Hx of involvement of skin creases 2. Personal Hx (of family Hx if <4 yo) of atopy 3. Hx of generally dry skin in last year 4. Visible flexural eczema 5. Onset <2 (doesn't apply until child >5 yo) |
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Dx:
Aims of Management:
Management:
SE:
Image:
Eczema (binary/octet-stream)
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Eczema/Atopic dermatitis Management: Aims of management are 1. Identify and minimise exposure to factors that exacerbate eczema - Soaps, detergents and wool - Dry skin, stress 2. Maintain barrier function of skin with emolients - Apply 3-4 x daily, best applied after bathing or showering - Available as creams or ointments; creams better Examples include oil cream, fatty cream etc - Avoid soaps, detergents or bubble bath - Instead use soap substitute such as emulsifying ointment or aqueous cream - Mix ointment with water in palm of hand or cup to form a lather-apply to skin like soap 3. Use anti-inflammatory Rx to control exacerbation - Potency should match severity - Amount= finger tip to first mark on palmar aspect of finger (child=3/4) - Apply once daily SE: Increase with amount Locally include skin atrophy and telangiectasia on face Systemic rare |
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Dx:
Sequelae:
Image:
Eczema (binary/octet-stream)
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Eczema/Atopic dermatitis Sequelae: 1. Disruption of family 2. SE of topical corticosteroids (skin atrophy, telangiectasia on face) 3. Infection- viral (HSV= eczema herpeticum) or bacterial (S.aureus) 4. Body-image concerns 5. Pruritic |
| Dx: Epidemiology: Etiology: Pathophysiology: Diagnostic criteria: Sequelae: | Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) or IgA vasculitis Epidemiology: Mean age is 6 years with most cases <10 years old Etiology: Majority of cases are preceded by an URTI with most cases in autumn and winter Pathophysiology: IgA and C3 deposition in small vessel walls and neutrophilic infiltration around vessel and in vessel walls Dx: Palpable non-thrombocytopenic purpura + 1 or more of the following: 1. Diffuse abdominal pain 2. Histopathology (typical leukocytoclastic vasculitis with predominant IgA depositis or proliferative GN with IgA deposition) 3. Arthritis or arthralgias 4. Renal involement (protineuira and/or haematuria) Sequelae: Intussuception HTN Nephrotic syndrome Kidney damage |
| Dx: Clinical features: Rx: | Scarlet fever Epidemiology: 10% of children with strep throat (GABS with erythrogenic toxin) Clinical presentation: Fever and sore throat 1-2 days before rash on upper trunk. Rash spread throughout body sparing palms and soles with characteristic circumoral pallor. Rash feels like sand-paper. In skin creases there is dark hyperpigmented skin, called Pastia's lines. During first couple of days the tongue is coated in a white membrane with protruding red papillae = strawberry tongue. By day 4 or 5 the membrane sloughs off revealing a shiny red tongue with swollen papillae (red strawberry tongue). After several weeks the rash fades and the skin desquamates. Rx: Penicillin (macrolide if allergic) |
| Dx: Epidemiology: Etiology: Clinical features: | Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) Epidemiology: Infants Etiology: Epidermolytic toxin producing strains of S.aureus Clinical features: Abrupt appearance of perioral erythema. This red well-demarcated and tender to touch rash covers most of the body in 2 days. Applying slight pressure with side-side movement of finger causes displacement of epidermis from dermis (positive Nikolsky's sign). Lesions become fluid filled bullae or blisters with clear fluid. Blisters will break and desquamate. Within 7-10 days heals without scar formation. |
| Dx: Epidemiology: Etiology: Clinical features: Dx: | Erythema toxicum neonatorium Epidemiology: Appears in 50% of term newborns, appearing between 2-5 days post-birth Pathophysiology: Activation of neonatal immune system; benign. Clinical features: Blotchy red spots on skin with overlying white or yellow papules or pustules Resolves within first 2 weeks of life. Lesions will appear and disappear within minutes or hours. Dx: Clinical but fluid from lesions will show eosinophilia. |
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