Croup

Question	Answer
What is Croup?	Croup is a condition caused by a viral infection. The virus leads to swelling of the voice box (larynx) and windpipe (trachea). This swelling makes the airway narrower, so it is harder to breathe.
What are the clinical features of Croup?	2-3/7 Coryzal symptoms Barking cough (worse at night) Harsh inspiratory stridor SOB Hoarse voice
What is the organism that causes Croup?	Para-influenza Virus (70%) Respiratory Syncytial virus (10%)
What is the pathophysiology of Acute Croup?	Viral-mediated inflammation of the mucosal surface of the larynx and large airways causing a decrease in diameter which increases airway resistance.
What is a Spasmodic Croup?	A recurring phenomenon associated with atopic/asthmatic history causing hyper-responsive upper airways. Managed with prophylactic inhaled corticosteroids. (Fluticasone)
How would you manage a moderate/severe Croup case? What if the SpO2 is <92%? What if there is a severe obstruction?	If SpO2<92%, provide oxygen via face mask or non-rebreather. A single dose of steroids (reduce inflammation): PO Dexamethasone or Inhaled Budesonide. If a severe obstruction, give Nebulised Adrenaline (local vasoconstriction in laryngeal mucosa)

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	Created by Sabrina Chua over 5 years ago