Flashcards
MED: Common Skin Disorders & Manifestations of Systemic Disorders
Cards in this deck (85)
- 1papulosquamous, proliferative, inflamatory skin disease (common skin disorder)PSORIASIS
skin sheds every 5 days
2% of pop, peak: late 20s
Koebner reaction
extradermal: edema, liver damage, arthropathy, nail pitting, corneal nodules - 2salmon pink plaque topped by silvery white scale on extensor surfaces (scalp, elbows, knees); can be round/gultate/ geographical/ circinate; (+) Auspitz (common skin disorder, be specific)PLAQUE TYPE PSORIASIS
- 3pinkish, glazed, clearly demarcated, non-scaly; (groin, perianal, genital, inframammary folds); usually mistaken as dermatophytic or candida (type of psoriasis)FLEXURAL PSORIASIS
- 4well-demarcated, scaling, erythematous, pustules are white/yellow/green/brown; common in palms and soles (type of psoriasis)PUSTULAR PSORIASIS
- 5more complicated; life-threatening; can lead to death (type of psoriasis)VON ZUMBUSCH PSORIASIS
- 6Psoriasis Management?Reassurance, social support, emolients, salicylic acid, coal tar, UVB, calcipotriol, photochemotherapy (Psoralen w/ UVR), Acitretin, cytotoxic drugs (methotrexate, cyclosporine)
- 7Acute: vesicular, can rupture to leave a raw, weeping surface; Subacute: diffuse, irritating, pruritic, sometimes painful; Chronic: lichenification (common skin disorder)ECZEMA/DERMATITIS
- 8presents at infancy, resolves by 12y/o; area of predilection: cheek; (+) Prick test to common allergens; itch rash cycle (type of eczema/dermatitis)ATOPIC ECZEMA
may be prevented by breastfeeding;
family history of atopy - 9age 2 and above; at flexural, antecubital, popliteal areas (type of eczema/dermatitis)CHILDHOOD ATOPIC DERMATITIS
- 10Atopic Eczema Management?Emolients, topical corticosteroids, antihistamines, immunosuppressants
- 11erythema, vesiculation, fissuring; commonly affects hands; can manifest even in 1st exposure (type of eczema/dermatitis)IRRITANT CONTACT DERMATITIS
occupational hazard
detergents, bleach, soaps - 12sharp cut-off where contact ends; previous sensitization, autosenzitation; most vulnerable: thin, moist skin; (+) Patch Test: marked prolonged response (type of eczema/dermatitis)ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS
dyes, nickel, chromates, lanolin, rubber, resins, topical antibiotics (Neomycin), antiseptics (Betadine) - 13scaly, rusty, red, pruritic eruption on oily areas of skin (T-zone, flexures, scalp, nasolabial, eyebrows) (type of eczema/dermatitis)SEBORRHEIC DERMATITIS
unkown etiology; aggravated by stress; may be due to fungal infection - 14papulopustular inflammatory condition affecting face and trunk; mild: comedo, open/closed; severe: pustular, scarring, cystic (common skin disorder)ACNE VULGARIS
90% adolescents, hormonal
overproduction of sebum = blockage = comedone (1˚ lesion);
Proprionibacterium acnes - 15Acne Vulgaris Management?dispel myths, non-soap cleansers, benzoyl peroxide, eryhthromycin, tetracycline, clindamycin, isotretinoin
- 16chronic inflammatory eruption on cheeks, nose, chin; erythema, papules, pustules, cyst, telangectasia; complication: nose deformity (common skin disorder)ACNE ROSACEA
fair-skinned, middle-aged women;
hot drinks, stress, sunlight, spicy food, cheese, alcohol, topical steroids - 17Acne Rosacea Management?Topical Metronidazole
- 18small, polygonal, flat-topped, violaceous papules; very pruritic; areas: wrist, lower extremities; Wickham striae; post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (common skin disorder)LICHEN PLANUS
sulfonamides, sulfonylureas, methyldopa, thiazides, beta-blockers, antimalarials, gold salts, penicillamine - 19Lichen Planus Management?potent topical/systemic steroids and antihistamines
- 20self-limiting, non-recurrent, scaling reddish-brown discrete maculopaular eruption; Herald patch: shoulder or back; Christmas-tree like: trunk, upper thighs, arms; Colarette scaling (common skin disorder)PITYRIASIS ROSEA
unkown etiology, often mistaken for fungal infection;
children & young adults, rainy months;
clears w/in 6-8wks w/o treatment - 21Pityriasis rosea Management?Avoid precipitating factors (avoid too cold/hot baths, gold salts, penicillamine), antihistamines, topical steroids, emolients
- 22very pruritic, transient/evanescent, sharply defined, erythematous or white weals w/ erythematous rim (common skin disorder)URTICARIA
triggers: infection, drugs, food, parasites, physical exertion/stress, solar exposure, cold urticaria
Treatment: antihistamine - 23"burrows", excoriations; nocturnal pruritis or discomfort; Circle of Hebra; areas: fingerwebs, wrists, antecubital fossae, axilla, areola, abdomen, gentialia, areas w/ thin skin (common skin disorder)SCABIES
indigent communities, summer - 24Scabies Management?PERMETHRIN, precipitated sulfur;
*Crotamiton (high failure rate, neurotoxic esp to children and pregnant) - 25chronic, granulomatous; leonine facies, saddle nose (common skin disorder)HANSEN'S DISEASE
- 26few, well-defined, hypopigmented, hypoesthetic macules/patches w/ raised erythematous/purple border enlarging peripherally (type of Hansen's)TUBERCULOID LEPROSY
milder, CMI is good
Dapsone + Rifampicin, 1yr - 27symmetric, skin-colored/slightly erythematous papules/nodules on nose, earlobes, face, arms, buttocks, trunk, and lower extremities; Leonine facies (type of Hansen's)LEPROMATOUS LEPROSY
severe, CMI is weak
Dapsone + Rifampicin + Clofazimine, 2yr - 28painful to touch, nodular lesions usually on anterior shins (systemic manifestations)ERYTHEMA NODOSUM
females, 20-50y/o - 29Possible causes of Erythema Nodosum?Sarcoidosis, Crohn's, ulcerative colitis, Behcet's, drugs (sulfonamides, OCP, dapsone), bacterial infection (Strep), fungal (histoplasma), viral, lepto
- 30Erythema Nodosum Management?identify trigger,
rest and elevation of affected extremity,
Indomethacin,
Potassium Iodide - 31target lesions or circular w/ central blistering; usually on limbs, symmetric (systemic manifestations)ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME
- 32Possible causes of Erythema Multiforme?drugs (barbiturates, sulfonamides, PCN, salicylates), systemic infection (HSV), Vit deficiency (Niacin, A, C), Collagen disorders
- 33enlarging, coalescing macules w/ crinkled surface; sheet-like loss of epidermis; extensive necrosis; (+) Nikolsky (systemic manifestations)SJS, TEN
idiopathic, drug-induced;
widespread apoptosis of keratinocytes (cell-mediated cytotoxicity) - 34SJS Management?early diagnosis and withdrawal of drug, ICU, IV fluids, systemic glucocorticoids, IV Ig
- 35evanescent pink rash/rings on trunk or proximal extremities (systemic manifestations)ERYTHEMA MARGINATUM
Rheumatic Fever - 36starts as a papule, become vesicular and pustular; painful ulcers on back, thigh, buttocks w/ bluish edge (specific disease w/ skin manifestation)PYODERMA GANGRENOSUM
(Ulcerative Colitis, Crohn's, AML, Hodgkin's) - 37hardened, raised, shiny area on shins, center has yellowish tint, surrounding: pink; telangectasia (lips, nose, eyes, fingers, oral cavities); gradual formation, slow healing (specific disease w/ skin manifestation)NECROBIOSIS LIPOIDICA DIABETICORUM
(DM) - 38smooth, discolored, annular, pustular patches w/ intact skin surface; no ulceration, no damage to epidermis; usually on hands (specific disease w/ skin manifestation)GRANULOMA ANNULARE
(severe DM, HIV) - 39pruritic, symmetrical clusters of urticarial lesions, evolve to vesicles & bullae; very itchy; found at gluteal area, extensor aspect of elbows, knees, and upper back (specific disease w/ skin manifestation)DERMATITIS HERPETIFORMIS
(Celiac Disease)
Treatment: Dapsone, Gluten-free diet - 40infiltrative dermopathy: erythematous, edematous swellings above lateral malleoli = thickened edema of legs & feet (specific disease w/ skin manifestation)PRETIBIAL MYXEDEMA
(Hyperthyroidism, Grave's) - 41pigmented, rough, thickened skin in axilla or groin w/ warty lesions; velvety plaques on back in obese (specific disease w/ skin manifestation)ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS
(Neoplasia: stomach CA) - 42heliotrope inflamm changes, edema of eyelids & periorbital area; erythema of face, neck, upper trunk, usually sun-exposed areas; hands: Gottron's papule = flat-topped violacrous papules over knuckles (specific disease w/ skin manifestation)DERMATOMYOSITIS
(Neoplasia: stomach, breast, lung, ovarian, cervical; Rheuma: CT disease, paraneoplastic syndrome) - 43dry, scaly skin; sparing of flexural areas e.g. popliteal (specific disease w/ skin manifestation)ACQUIRED ICTHYOSIS
(Neoplasia: lympoma) - 44successive crops of tender nodules affecting blood vessels throughout the body (specific disease w/ skin manifestation)THROMBOPHLEBITIS MIGRANS
(Neoplasia: pancreatic carcinoma) - 45painful groups of vesicles on an inflamed base, unilateral w/ dermatomal distribution (specific disease w/ skin manifestation)HERPES ZOSTER
- 46reddening of skin on palmar aspect of hands, usually over hypothenar eminence (specific disease w/ skin manifestation)PALMAR ERYTHEMA
(liver disease) - 47telangectasis found slightly beneath skin surface, often containing central red spot and reddish extension which radiate (specific disease w/ skin manifestation)SPIDER NEVI
(liver disease) - 48diffuse bluish plaque w/ small papules w/in the swelling affecting the nose; sometimes spreads to cheek (specific disease w/ skin manifestation)LUPUS PERNIO
(Sarcoidosis) - 49Café-au-lait macules, axillary freckling, violaceous dermal neurofibroma, subcutaneous nodules (specific disease w/ skin manifestation)NEUROFIBROMATOSIS
autosomal dominant;
no treatment - 50tense bullae & erosions on normal appearing skin; slowly heals to form pink atrophic scars, milia on dorsa of hands, feet, nose, forehead, scalp; hypertrichosis on face (specific disease w/ skin manifestation)PORPHYRIA CUTANEA TARDA
enzymatic defect in heme biosynthetic pathway; on sun exposed areas - 51small, red papule; gradually enlarges to form ring w/ raised border (specific disease w/ skin manifestation)ERYTHEMA CHRONICUM MIGRANS
(Lyme Disease) - 52Lyme Disease Treatment?Tetracycline (Lymecycline),
PCN, 3rd gen Cephalosporin (Cefotaxime) - 53yellow plaque, commonly found on eyelids (specific disease w/ skin manifestation)XANTHOMATOSIS
(Hyperlipidemia)
Tendon Xanthomata: familial hyperchol
Eruptive Xanthomata: hyperlipidemia - 54periorificial, acral eczematous and erosive dermatitis; may be some alopecia and diarrhea (specific disease w/ skin manifestation)ACRODERMATITIS ENTEROHEPATICA
autosomal recessive Zn deficiency;
babies after weaning, elderly - 55painful oral and genital ulcerations and eye and joint conditions; iritis, keratitis, hyopyon, retinal vein occlusion, arthritis, CNS, complications (specific disease w/ skin manifestation)BECHET'S DISEASE
wastebasket diagnosis
recurrent progressive systemic disease of unknown etiology - 56Bechet's Disease Management?Steroids, Colchicine, Cytotoxic drugs (Azathioprine)
- 57initial: flesh-colored papule/plaque w/ superficial dilated blood vessels over surface; classic lesion: ulceration & central necrosis, pearly rolled border; "rodent ulcer": dirty-looking ulcerationsBASAL CELL CARCINOMA
elderly, fair-skinned > 40y/o;
face, nasal, periorbital;
malignant but curable - 58Basal Cell Carcinoma Management?Surgical excision
Cryotherapy
Radiotherapy
Moh's micrographic surgery - 59hyperkeratotic, crusted, indurated, may ulcerate; may look like psoriatic lesion; from damaged/chronically irritated skin, sun exposure, HPVSQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
fair-skinned >60y/o;
HPV 6,11,16,18,30;
grows more quickly, can be invasive, can metastasize - 60Squamous Cell Carcinoma Management?wide excision
radiotherapy
quadrivalent vaccine (9-26y/o) - 61pigmented lesion with: rapid enlargement, bleeding, variegated pigmentation, ulceration, indistinct border, persistent itching, small satellite lesions around principal lesionMALIGNANT MELANOMA
fair-skinned w/ chronic UV exposure, may arise in pre-existing mole;
prognosis: limbs>trunk>face - 62Melanoma Management?Interferon
Wide excision w/ skin grafting - 63Casal necklace: symmetric photosensitive eruption on face, neck and upper chest; Gauntlet: extensor arms, back of handsPELLAGRA
- 64starts as erythema and swelling after sun exposure, accompanied by itching and burning or pain; skin becomes thickened, scaly, hyperpigmented w/ copper or mahogany huePELLAGRA
- 65dull erythema of bridge of nose w/ fine yellow, powdery scales over follicular orifices (sulfur scales)PELLAGRA
- 66vesicular or bulous erruptions (type of pellagra)WET PELLAGRA
- 67pustular and bullous dermatitis w/ acral and periorificial distribution; patchy, red, dry, scaling w/ exudation and crusting on face, groin, flexor areasACRODERMATITIS ENTEROHEPATICA
autosomal recessive; mutation in SLC39A4 = Zn transporter ZIP4 - 68periungual areas are erythematous and scaling, sometimes have superficial, flaccid pustules; angular chellitis, stomatitis; nail dystrophy, generalized alopecia; diarrhea, lethargy, irritibalitiy, whining, crying, Candidiasis, StaphACRODERMATITIS ENTEROHEPATICA
- 69hypopigmented on dark skin, erythematous/ purple on fair; first appear on friction areas (flexures, groin, buttocks, elbows); hyperpigmented patches w/ slightly raised edges, peeling, desquamationKWASHIORKOR
- 70"crazy pavement", "crackled skin", "mosaic skin", "enamel paint", "flaky patient"KWASHIORKOR
- 71hair: hypopigmented, reddish-yellow to gray or even white, dry, lusterless, crackled; (+) Flag Sign: alternating bands of pale and dark hair; nails are soft and thin;KWASHIORKOR
- 72failure to thrive, edema, lethargy, irritability, apathy, abdominal distention, hypoglycemia, anemia, hypoprotenemiaKWASHIORKOR
- 73multiple, intensely pruritic, small papules and vesicles on thenar and hypothenar eminences of hands, soles, sides of fingers and toesDYSHIDROTIC ECZEMA
- 74round or oblong, yellow fibrinous base ulcers; lower medial aspect of legVENOUS ULCERS
- 75early eruptions: symmetrical, more or less generalized, superficial, non-destructive, exanthematic, transient, macular later: maculopapular or papular, polymorphousSECONDARY SYPHILIS; SYHPILID
face, shoulders, flanks, palms and soles, anal or genital regions - 76exanthemic erythema; round indistinct nonconfluent macules; appear first on sides of trunk, about the navel, and on inner surface of extremitiesMACULAR ERUPTIONS
(SECONDARY SYPHILIS; SYHPILID) - 77raw ham or coppery shade and round; slightly raised; deep, firm, palpable; Ollendorf's sign: papule tender to touch of blunt probe; healing lesions leave hyperpigmented spotsPAPULAR ERUPTIONS
(SECONDARY SYPHILIS; SYHPILID) - 78adherent scales covering lesions more or less dominate (syphilid)PAPULOSQUAMOUS SYPHILID
(SECONDARY SYPHILIS; SYHPILID) - 79minute scale-capped papules; at the ostia of hair follicles; conical, elsewhere domed (syhpilid)FOLLICULAR/LICHENOID
(SECONDARY SYPHILIS; SYHPILID) - 80mimics sarcoidosis; usually in cheeks or angles of mouth; "nickels and dimes"ANNULAR SYPHILID
(SECONDARY SYPHILIS; SYHPILID) - 81large central papule, group of minute satellite papules (syphilid)CORYMBOSE SYMPHILID
(SECONDARY SYPHILIS; SYHPILID)
late in secondary stage - 82widely scattered over trunk and extremities, involve face; arise from red infiltrated base (syphilid)PUSTULAR SYPHILID
(SECONDARY SYPHILIS; SYHPILID)
rare - 83papular lesions, relatively broad and flat; located on fold of moist skin, esp genitalia and anus (syphilid)CONDYLOMATA LATA
(SECONDARY SYPHILIS; SYHPILID) - 84mucus patches; macerated, flat, grayish, roudned erosions covered by delicate, soggy membrane; occur on tonsils, tongue, pharynx, gums, lips, buccal areas, genitaliaSECONDARY SYPHILIS
highly infectious - 85butterfly rash over cheeks and bridge of nose; skin sores or flaky red spots on arms, hands, neck, head area; scaly red/purple raised rash; Raynaud's; temporary hair lossSLE
type II & III HSN; women 15-35
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- Common Skin Disorders & Manifestations of Systemic Disorders
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