3325911
Description
Flashcards by Jessica Margaux Mercado, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Jessica Margaux Mercado
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Measles (genus, structure, transmission, predominant cells?) | Paramyxovirus ssRNA respiratory droplets mononuclear cells |
| Measles: cell surface receptors | CD46: inactivates C3 convertases, SLAM: T-cell activation; both bind to hemagglutinin = agglutination |
| croup, pneumonia, diarrhea w/ protein-losing enteroptahy, keratitis w/ scarring & blindness, encephalitis, hemorrhagic rashes | Measles |
| blotchy, reddish-brown rash; initially on face, centrifugal progression; histo: dilated skin vessels edema, mononuclear perivascular inflamm infiltrates | Measles |
| Koplik Spots; ulcerated mucosal lesions in oral cavity near opening Stensen duct; appear w/ necrosis, neutrophilic exudates and neovascularization | Measles |
| Cough, Coryza, Conjunctivitis | Measles |
| follicular hyperplasia, randomly distributed multinucleated giant cells (Warthin-Finkelday cells) | Measles |
| peribronchial and interstitial mononuclear cell infiltration; multinucleated w/ glassy eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions | Measles Pneumonia w/ Measles Giant Cells |
| Mumps (genus, structure, transmission?) | Paramyxovirus RNA virus droplet inhalation |
| non-suppurative enlargement of parotid gland; appear doughy, enlarged, moist and reddish brown upon removal | Mumps Parotitis |
| parotid gland: interstitium is diffusely infiltrated w/ lymphocytes, macrophages, plasma cells, which compress the acini & ducts; lumen of ducts contain neutrophils and necrotic debris | Mumps Parotitis |
| Polio (genus, structure, transmission?) | Enterovirus RNA Virus oral-fecal route |
| receptor in Polio? | CD155 |
| formalin-fixed polio vaccine | Salk |
| live attenuated vaccine | Sabin |
| Pathogenesis of polio | retrograde transport along motor neuron axons --> CNS |
| poliovirus replication in motor neurons of spinal cord | Spinal Poliomyelitis |
| poliovirus replication in brain stem | Bulbar Poliomyelitis |
| flaccid paralysis w/ muscle wasting and hyporeflexia; leg deformity | Poliomyelitis |
| aggregates of chronic inflamm cells w/ multinucleated giant cells; focal microglial proliferation w/ microglial nodules | Poliomyelitis |
| Dengue (genus, transmission?) | Flavivirus Aedes aegypti |
| fever, myalgia, joint pain, headache, retro-orbital pain w/ generalized transient macular rash | Dengue Fever |
| hypoproteinemia, thrombocytopenia, prolonged bleeding time, elevated prothrombin time | Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever |
| conjunctival hemorrhage, maculopapular/scariatiniform rash; small blood vessels: endothelial swelling, perivascular edema, infiltration w/ mononuclear inflamm cells | Dengue Fever |
| large, pink to purple intranuclear inclusions "Cowdry Type A inclusions" | Herpes Simplex Virus Infection |
| fever, periorificial cold sores, intraepithelial vescles (intracellular edema and ballooning degeneration), may burst and form crusting and ulceration | Herpes Simplex Virus Infection |
| Gingivostomatitis; vesicular eruption from tongue extending to retropharynx | HSV-1 |
| swollen eryhtematous lesions of fingers and palms | Herpetic whitlow |
| vesicles on genital mucous membranes and external genitalia; vesicles may burst = crusts, ulcers | HSV-2 Genital Herpes |
| neonates: lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, necrotic foci throughout lungs, liver, adrenal glands, CNS | neonatal herpes infection |
| cornea: virus induced cytolysis of superficial epithelium | Herpes Epithelial Keratitis |
| cornea: mononuclear cell infiltrate around keratinocytes and endothelial cells; leads to neovascularization, scarring, opacities, blindness | Herpes Stromal Keratitis |
| Kaposi varicelliform eruption, eczema herpeticum, esophagitis, bronchopneumonia, hepatitis; occurs in immunosuppressed | Disseminated skin and visceral herpes infection |
| acute VZV infection | Chickenpox |
| reactivation of latent VZV infection | Shingles |
| VZV transmission | aerosols, droplet inhalation |
| macules -> vesicles; first occur on trunk, spread outwards toward head, upper and lower extremities; "dew drops on a rose petal" | Chickenpox |
| lesions occur unilaterally, usually accompanied by intense itching, burning, and pain | Herpes Zoster |
| asymptomatic or mononucleosis-like infections among healthy individuals | CMV |
| most common viral opportunistic pathogen in AIDS | CMV |
| transmission of CMV | transplacental perinatal droplet inhalation sexual contact iatrogenic transmission |
| microcephaly w/ calcification, intrauterine growth retardation, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, anemia (viral) | congenital CMV, Cytomegalic Inclusion Disease |
| Owl's eye appearance: enlargement of infected cell, large intracellular basophilic inclusion bodies surrounded by clear halo | CMV |
| infectious mononucleosis | EBV |
| associated w/ development of: nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Burkitt's lymphoma, B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma | EBV |
| transmission of EBV? | saliva, kissing |
| benign self-limited lymphoproliferative disease; sore throat, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, atypical lymphocytes | Infectious mononucleosis |
| EBV binds to what receptor? | CD21: receptor for CD3 component of complement on B cell |
| PBS: lymphocytosis, atypical lymphocytes (CD8 T-cells, CD16 NK cells); large lymphocytes w/ abundant cytoplasm, azurophilic granules, vacuolizations, ovoid/ folded/indented nucleus; tends to be indented by surrounding RBCs | EBV infection |
| hepatomegaly, atypical lymphocytes in portal tracts & sinusoids, foci of parenchymal necrosis | EBV |
| lymphadenopathy (usually post. cervical, axillary, inguinal); expansion of paracortical areas | EBV |
| splenomegaly, expansion of white follicles and red pulp sinusoids = tense, fragile capsule; gross: solid, fleshy, hyperemic cut surface | EBV |
| enzyme: invasive potential (staph) | Coagulase |
| enzyme: spreading factor (staph) | Hyaluronidase |
| enzyme: fibrinolysis (staph) | Staphylokinase |
| enzyme: produces boils/furuncles (staph) | Lipase |
| toxin: hemolysin, dermonecrotic, lethal to platelets, acts on vascular smooth ms (staph) | a-toxin |
| toxin: sphingomyelinase (staph) | B-toxin |
| toxin: detergent-like peptide (staph) | d-toxin |
| toxin: hemolysin (staph) | y-toxin |
| lyses phagocytic cells (staph) | Leukocidin |
| cleaves desmoglein 1; keratinocytes detach (staph) | Exfoliative toxin |
| fever, shock, multisystem involvement (staph) | TSS protein, superantigen |
| acute, self-limiting food poisoning; stimulates vomiting center (staph) | Enterotoxin |
| binds to Fc portion of Ig (staph) | Protein A |
| focal suppurative inflammation of skin and subcutaneous tissue; confined locally to superficial layer; seen in moist, hairy areas (e.g. back of neck, axilla); starts in single hair follicle (organism? infection?) | Staph; Furuncle |
| deeper suppuration, spreading laterally; involves skin, subcutaneous tissue, subcutaneous fascia; burrows, errupts in multiple adjacent skin sinuses (organism? infection?) | Staph; Carbuncle |
| extensive neutrophilic infiltrate w/in alveoli; destruction of alveoli septae (organism? infection?) | Staph; Lung abscess |
| chronic suppurative infection of apocrine glands (organism? infection?) | Staph; Hidradenitis |
| sun-burn like rash all over body; fragile bullae; skin loss; seen in children w/ infections of nasopharynx and skin (organism? infection?) | Staph; Staphylococcal Scalded-Skin Syndrome/ Ritter Disease |
| M protein | Strep |
| pharyngitis, impetigo, rheumatic fever, glomerulonephritis (organism?) | Strep pyogenes |
| neonatal sepsis, meningitis (organism?) clue: strep | Strep agalactiae |
| abdominal abscess, UTI, endocarditis (organism?) clue: strep | Enterococcus faecalis, etc. |
| dental caries, endocarditis, abscesses (organism?) | Viridans strep |
| lobar pneumonia, meningitis, endocarditis (organism?) | Strep pneumoniae |
| rapidly spreading bilateral erythematous cutaneous swelling w/ well-demarcated serpiginous borders; neutrophilic infiltration, minimal tissue destruction; butterfly distribution (organism? infection?) | Strep; Erysipelas |
| epiglottic swelling, punctate abscesses of tonsillar crypts (organism? infection?) | Strep Pharyngitis |
| transmission of C. diptheriae? | aerosols skin shedding |
| thick gray coating at the back of the throat; histo: neutrophils, fibrin, necrotic debris (organism? infection?) | Diptheria |
| Listeria: pore-forming protein to escape phagolysosome | Listeriolysin O |
| Listeria: actin polymerization | Act A |
| purulent exudates covering leptomeninges; neutrophils w/in subarachnoid space; G(+) intracellular (organism? infection?) | Listeria monocytogenes; Meningitis |
| focal abscesses which alternate w/ grayish or yellow nodules; necrotic, amorphous tissue debris in lungs, liver, spleen, lymph nodes (organism? infection?) | Listeria monocytogenes Infection in neonates & immunosuppressed |
| red papular rash over extremities; asbcesses in placenta; meconium smear: G(+) (organism? infection?) | Neonates w/ L. monocytogenes sepsis |
| ulcerations in skin; painless, pruritic papule -> vesicle, enlarges, edema w/ regional lymphadenopathy -> black eschar; massive subepidermal edema, extensive dermal necrosis w/ intense PMN infiltration (organism? infection?) | B. anthracis; Cutaneous Anthrax |
| fever, dyspnea, hypotension, death; symmetric widening of mediastinum w/ mediastenitis; numerous foci of hemorrhage; perihilar and peribronchial lymphadenopathy (organism? infection?) | B. anthracis; Inhalational Anthrax/Woolsorter's |
| opportunistic; indolent illness; fever, weight loss, coughing, may disseminate to CNS = brain abscess (organism?) | Nocardia asteroides |
| opportunistic; cellulitis, lymphocutaneous disease, actinomycetoma w/ nodule formation, can progress to chronic draining fistulae (organism?) | Nocardia brasiliensis |
| beaded, branched G(+); suppurative inflamm w/ central liquefaction, granulation tissue w/ fibrosis, no granuloma formation (organism?) | Nocardia |
| bacterial meningitis, meningococcemia (organism?) | N. meningitidis |
| males: urethritis; purulent discharge, dysuria (organism?) | N. gonorrhea |
| females: asymptomatic, cervicitis, urethritis, pelvic inflammatory disease, fibrosis -> sterility, (organism?) | N. gonorrhea |
| ophthalmia neonatorum (organism? treatment?) | N. gonorrhea; tetracycline silver nitrate |
| bilateral adrenal hemorrhage w/ hypoadrenergic stage; rapid hypotension, shock, DIC, vasculitic purpura (organism? infection?) | N. meningitidis; Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome |
| transmission of N. gonorrhea | oral, anal, vaginal, perinatal |
| Morning drop | Gonorrhea |
| Whooping cough | Bordetella pertussis |
| toxin: ADP-ribosylates and inactivates guanine nucleotide-binding proteins; paralyze cilia | Pertussis Toxin |
| focal necrosis of epithelium, PMN infiltration, peribronchial inflammation, interstitial pneumonia, mucosal erosion, mucus plugs, atelectasis, dec. oxygenation, convulsions | Whooping Cough |
| bacilli entangled with cilia (organism? infection?) | B. pertussis; Whooping Cough |
| wound and burn infection, meningitis, necrotizing pneumonia, otitis externa; nosocomial, opportunistic (organism?) | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| necrotic and hemorrhagic oval skin lesions, well-demarcated; form perivascular blue haze; thrombosis and hemorrhage may be present (organism? infection?) | P. aeruginosa; Ecthyma gangrenosum |
| Soft Chancre (organism?) | Hemophilus ducreyi |
| papule -> ulcer; painful, edges are ragged and not indurated; base: yellowish grey exudate (organism? infection?) | H. ducreyi Soft chancre |
| papule -> ulcer; painless, edges are indurated; base: friable w/ abundant granulation tissue, bleed easily (organism? infection?) | Klebsiella granulomatis; Granuloma Inguinale |
| painless ulcer w/ beefy red granulation tissue at base, indurated edges; lymphatic obstruction and lymphedema -> elephantiasis (organism? infection?) | K. granulomatis; Granuloma Inguinale |
| histo: dense inflammatory infiltrate (histiocytes, plasma cells) w/ small abscesses; small round encapsulated coccobacilli enclosed w/in cytoplasm of macrophages (organism? infection?) | K. granulomatis; Granuloma Inguinale "Donovan bodies" |
| granuloma: aggregates of epitheloid cells rimmed by lymphocytes, plasma cells and fibroblasts; caseation necrosis (organism? infection?) | M. tuberculosis; Primary TB |
| gray white parenchymal focus + hilar lymph nodes w/ caseation (what is this called?) | Ghon complex |
| radiologically detectable calcification when Ghon complex undergoes fibrosis | Ranke Complex |
| foamy macrophages containing mycobacterium | TB in immunosuppressed |
| anapical lesion w/ cavitation (organism? infection?) | M. tuberculosis; Secondary TB |
| organs resistant to TB? | heart, striated muscles, thyroid, pancreas |
| TB bacilli enter venous blood; minute yellow-white foci in lung | Miliary Pulmonary Disease |
| serous pleural effusions, tuberculous empyema, obliterative fibrous pleuritis, hemoptysis | Progressive Pulmonary TB |
| lining of airways become studded w/ granulomas; spread through lymphatic channels or from expectorated infectious material | Endobronchial, Endotracheal, Laryngeal TB |
| TB bacilli enter systemic arterial system (what organs are most commonly affected?) | Systemic Miliary TB; meninges, kidneys, adrenals, spleen, liver, bone marrow, fallopian tubes |
| TB in vertebrae | Pott's Disease |
| most common form of extrapulmonary TB; usually involves cervical lymph node in children | Scrofula/Lymphadenitis |
| ingestion of contaminated/unpasteurized milk, swallow expectorated material; granulomas may lead to ulceration of ileum | Intestinal TB |
| low grade fever, night sweats, mucoid to purulent sputum, hemoptysis, pleuritic pain | TB |
| presumptive diagnosis for TB | AFB stain |
| Gold Standard for TB diagnosis | Culture |
| abundant acid-fast bacilli w/in macrophages; no granuloma; (-) PPD | MAC |
| focal areas of skin pallor and anesthesia; dry, scaly lesions; paucibacillary, strong T-cell immunity (organism? infection?) | M. leprae; Tuberculoid Leprosy |
| granuloma w/ surrounding epitheloid cells, giant cells, mononuclear inflammatory cells; no or scanty AFB; non-necrotizing (organism? infection?) | M. leprae; Tuberculoid Leprosy |
| nodular lesions found bilaterally; numerous, eventually coalesce; results in marked folding of skin, forehead, eyebrows, ear lobes, nose (organism? infection?) | M. leprae; Lepromatous leprosy, Leonine facies |
| Lepra cells | lipid-laden macrophages |
| Globi in Leprosy | leprae cells filled w/ acid-fast bacilli |
| red snappers w/in macrophages (organism? infection?) | M. leprae; Lepromatous Leprosy |
| hard chancre: painless, shallow, indurated ulcer (organism? infection?) | Treponema pallidum; Syphilis |
| ulceration, chronic inflammation, vasculitis, obliterative end-arteritis (organism? infection?) | Treponema pallidum; Syphilis |
| erythematous plaque, ulcerates to form a clean-based shallow ulcer w/ indurated margins = button-like (organism? infection?) | Treponema pallidum; Primary Syphilis |
| concentric endothelial and fibroblastic proliferative thickening; fibrosis of tunica intima resulting in lumen obliteration, intimal fibrosis (organism? infection?) | T. pallidum; obliterative end-arteritis |
| rash at palms and soles; may be maculopapular, pustular, or scaly; may be follicular, anular, pustular, or scaling (organism? infection?) | Treponema pallidum; Secondary Syphilis |
| mucocutaneous changes: broad-based elevated plaques in moist areas of skin (organism? infection?) | T. pallidum Secondary Syphilis, Condylomata latum |
| rash, condylomata latum, lymphadenopathy (organism? infection?) | T. pallidum Secondary Syphilis |
| syphilitic aortitis, neurosyphilis, gummas (organism? infection?) | T. pallidum; Tertiary Syphilis |
| progressive dilatation of aortic root and arch; end-arteritis of vaso-vasorum; aortic regurgitation and insufficiency -> aneurysm (organism? infection?) | T. pallidum; Tertiary Syphilis, Syphilitic Aortitis |
| meningiovascular disease, tabes dorsalis, general paresis (organism? infection?) | T. pallidum; Tertiary Syphilis, Symptomatic Neurosyphilis |
| pleocytosis, elevated protein levels, dec. glucose (organism? infection?) | T. pallidum; Tertiary Syphilis, Asymptomatic Neurosyphilis |
| nodular lesions or destructive ulcerative lesions; white gray and rubbery; centers of coagulated necrotic material and margins composed of palisading macrophages and fibroblasts (organism? infection?) | T. pallidum; Tertiary Syphilis, Gumma |
| gummas: scarring in liver (organism? infection?) | T. pallidum; Tertiary Syphilis, Hepar lobatum |
| before 2y/o: nasal discharge and congestion, bullous or desquamating rash, osteochondritis, periostitis, saddle nose deformity, anterior bowing/ saber shin, liver and lung fibrosis (organism? infection?) | T. pallidum; Congenital Syphilis, Early/Infantile Syphilis |
| after 2y/o: interstitial keratitis, Hutchinson teeth, 8th nerve deafness (organism? infection?) | T. pallidum; Congenital Syphilis, Late/Childhood/Tardive Syphilis |
| Lyme disease (organism? vector?) | Borrelia burgdorferi; Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) |
| arteritis w/ onion-skin lesion | Lyme arthritis |
| villous hypertrophy, lining cell hyperplasia, abundant lymphocytes and plasma cells in subsynovium; onion-skinned arteritis | Early Stage Lyme Disease |
| extensive erosion of cartilage; painful, swollen joints; usually large joints e.g. knee | Late Stage Lyme Disease |
| erythema chronicum migrans: bull's eye (infection? stage?) | Stage 1 Lyme Diseae |
| skin lesions, migrating muscle & joint pains; CNS: meningoencephalitis, cranial neuritis; Cardio: heart block, pericarditis, myocarditis; migratory arthritis (infection? stage?) | Stage 2 Lyme Disease |
| destructive chronic arthritis, acrodermatitis atrophicans, neuropathy, encephalitis (infection? stage?) | Stage 3 Lyme Disease |
| foul smelling, thin exudate, bullae may rupture, gas bubbles, bluish black and soft to friable semi-fluid muscles; extensive myonecrosis, hemolysis, vascular thrombosis (organism? infection?) | C. perfringes; cellulitis/gas gangrene |
| most common bacterial STI in the US, leading cause of infertility, leading cause of blindness | Chlamydial infection |
| infectious form of Chlamydia | Elementary body |
| metabolically active form of Chlamydia | Reticulate body |
| chronic keratoconjunctivitis; progress to scarring and blindness (organism? serotype? infection?) | Chlamydia A, B, C; trachoma |
| urogenital infections, inclusion conjunctivitis (organism? serotype?) | Chlamydia D to K; |
| suppurative inguinal lymphadenitis; stellate abscesses surrounded by epitheloid cells; ulcer can pass away unnoticed; extensive scarring leading to fistula and strictures (organism? serotype? infection?) | Lymphogranuloma venereum Chlamydia trachomatis L1, L2, L3 |
| linear fibrotic depression parallel to inguinal ligament bordered above and below by enlarged and matted lymph nodes covered by erythematous skin (what is this called? infection?) | Groove sign; Lymphogranuloma venereum |
| Q fever (organism? transmission?) | Coxiella burnetti; aerosols, fomites |
| petechiae/purpura initially occurring on ankles and wrist, eventually becoming generalized (infection? vector?) | Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever; tick bite |
| appears as eschar, initially found on the site of the bite, usually on trunk, spreading to extremities (infection? vector?) | Scub Typhus; mite bite |
| tropism to infect endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscles = vascular leakage and thrombosis; can lead to hypovolemic shock, pulmonary edema, peripheral edema, renal failure, coma | Rickettsia |
| infective stage of malaria | Sporozoites |
| stage responsible for clinical manifestations in malaria | Merozoites |
| splenomegaly; blood vessels plugged w/ parasitized RBC; poor perfusion, hypoxia, ischemia, infarction; surrounded by small focal inflammatory reactions (Dürck granulomas) | Malaria |
| spleen: fibrotic & brittle w/ thick capsule and fibrous trabeculae; gray-black (hemozoin) | Malaria |
| hepatomegaly w/ hemozoin pigment; kidney: large, congested, dusting of pigment in glomeruli, hemoglobin casts | Malaria |
| RBC rosettes, stick along endothelial lining = hemorrhages, vascular stasis, clogging of lumen = hypoxia, ischemia, infarction | Malignant Cerebral Malaria |
| Dürck granulomas, degeneration of neurons, focal ischemic softening, scant inflammatory infiltrates | Malignant Cerebral Malaria |
| heart: nonspecific focal hypoxic lesion; progressive anemia, circulatory stasis; lungs: pulmonary edema or shock w/ DIC | Malaria |
| Babesiosis (organism? transmission? reservoir?) | Babesia microti, Babesia divergens; deer tick, blood transfusion; reservoir: white-footed mouse |
| fever, hemolytic anemia; no hemozoin; shock, hypoxia, jaundice, hepatic necrosis, acute renal tubular necrosis, ARDS, erythrophagocytosis, visceral hemorrhages | Babesiosis |
| Maltese cross | Babesiosis |
| Leishmaniasis (transmission? infective stage?) | sandfly; promastigote |
| promastigote: forms dense glycocalyx activates C3b deposition and MAC insertion | lipophosphoglycan |
| promotes adhesion of promastigotes to macrophages; zinc-dependent proteinase | Gp63 |
| amastigote: phagolysosome: pH 4.5 | proton-transporting ATP-ase |
| weight loss, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, pancytopenia, fever, myalgia; immune-complex mediated mesangioproliferative glomerulnephritis; hyperpigmentation of skin = black skin "Kala-azar" (organism? infection?) | L. donovani, infantum, chagasi Visceral Leishmaniasis |
| ulcers on exposed skin; tropical sore: starts as itching indurated papule -> shallow expanding ulcer w/ heaped up borders; heals by involution; purple edematous plaque w/ central necrotic crust (organism? infection?) | L. major, mexicana, braziliensis Cutaneous Leishmaniasis |
| espundia; moist lesion in nasal septa, anus or vulva; disfiguring (organism? infection?) | L. braziliensis Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis |
| begins as single skin nodules, continues spreading; aggregates of foamy macrophages stuffed w/ leishmania | Diffuse Cutaneous Leishmaniasis |
| African Typanosomiasis/ African Sleeping Sickness (organism? transmission? infective stage?) | T. gambiense, T. rhodesiense; Tsetse fly; trypomastigotes |
| intermittent fever, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, progressive brain dysfunction/ sleeping sickness, cachexia, death; large, red, rubbery chancre; concentrate in capillary loops, Mott cells | African Typanosomiasis/ African Sleeping Sickness |
| American Typanosomiasis/ Chagas disease (organism? transmission?) | T. cruzi; kissing bugs (Triatoma) |
| chagoma: transient, erythematous nodule | Chagas disease |
| high parasitemia, fever, progressive cardiac dilation & failure; intracellular pseudocysts; focal myocardial cell necrosis; four-chamber cardiac dilation | Acute Chagas Disease/ Acute Myocarditis |
| striking inflammatory infiltration of myocardium; heart is dilated, rounded w/ inc. size & weight; mural thrombi; scattered myocardial cell necrosis esp. towards apex of left ventricle = dilation and thinning; dilated cardiomyopathy, arrythmias, megacolon, esophageal dilation | Chronic Chagas Disease |
| mainly in duodenal crypt; penetrate skin, invade lungs, trachea, swallowed, inhabit small intestine, asexual reproduction; autoinfection | Strongyloides stercoralis |
| transmission of cystercosis | ingestion of undercooked pork, food/water |
| white to opalescent lesion in brain | Cysticercus cellulosae |
| Taenia solium | pork tapeworm |
| Taenia saginata | beef tapeworm (doesn't encyst) |
| humans are accidental hosts; ingestion of contaminated food | Hydatid disease; Echinococcus granulosus |
| outer non-nuclear later; inner nucleated layer w/ brood capsules containing protoscolice | Hydatid cyst |
| hydatid disease: invasion of? | Liver, lungs, bones |
| Trichinosis (organism? transmission?) | Trchinella spiralis; ingestion of undercooked meat (pigs, boars, horses) |
| patchy interstitial myocarditis; lungs: focal edema, hemorrhage; skeletal ms: coiled larva, membrane bound vacuoles w/in nurse cells, loss of striations, formation of collagenous capsule, angiogenesis; CNS: focal gliosis | Trichinosis |
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