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| Question | Answer |
| humerus | * a long bone in the upper limbs (arms) ** the top of this bone articulates with the scapula to form the shoulder joint |
| clavicles | * collar bones ** long, slim bones that form the anterior (front) part of the shoulder |
| pelvis/pelvic girdle | * made up of 3 bones (the ilium, pubis & ischium) ** provides a solid base for the weight of the body ** protects the digestive & reproductive organs |
| carpals | * 8 short bones that make up the wrist ** they fit closely together & are kept in place by ligaments |
| metacarpals | * 5 long bones in the palm of the hand (one for each digit) |
| cranium | * a box-like cavity - the top part of the skull **contains & protects the brain |
| tibia (learn with fibula) | * a long bone in the lower leg - it is the inner, thicker bone (shin) ** the upper end joins the femur to form the knees joint |
| fibula (learn with tibia) | * a long bone in the lower leg - it is the outer, thinner bone ** it does not reach the knee , but its lower end forms part of the ankle joint |
| patella | * the kneecap - large triangular bone found in the quadriceps tendon ** protects the knee joint |
| femur | * the longest & strongest bone in the body ** the top fits into the socket of the pelvis to form the hip joint & the lower end joins the tibia to form the knee joint |
| radius (learn with ulna) | * a long, curve shaped bone in the forearm ** it moves around the ulna to allow turning of the hand |
| ulna (learn with radius) | * the longer of the 2 bones in the forearm ** the ulna articulates (moves) at its lower end with the wrist |
| ribs (learn with sternum) | * long, flat bones - there are 12 pairs. The first 7 pairs/'true ribs' are joined directly to the sternum. The other 5 pairs are known as 'false ribs'. ** the main function is to aid respiration (breathing) but they also protect organs in the chest |
| sternum (learn with ribs) | * breast bone - the long, flat bone that runs down the centre of the chest ** the sternum protects the organs eg: heart, lungs. It also connects other parts of skeletal system eg: collarbone & ribs |
| scapula (plural = scapulae) | * shoulder blade - large, flat, triangular bones that form the posterior (back) part of the shoulder girdle ** the scapula allows for a range of different movements and rotations - it can move in all directions |
| tarsals | * 7 short bones in the foot & the heel - they form the ankle joint ** the calcaneus/ heel bone is the largest tarsal bone & helps to support the weight of the body |
| phalanges | * bones that make up the skeleton of the thumbs, fingers & toes ** the phalanges provide support for soft tissue in the foot |
| vertebrae | * 33 irregular bones with complex shapes in the vertebral (spinal) column ** Vertebrae are held together by powerful ligaments. The vertebral column protects the spinal cord and supports the ribcage |
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