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Flashcards by Ellie Watts, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by yusanr98
over 10 years ago
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Copied by Ellie Watts
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Nucleus | Controls all the activities of the cell. It contains the genes on the chromosomes. They carry instructions for making new cells or new organisms. |
| Cytoplasm | A liquid gel in which most of the chemical reactions needed for life take place. |
| Cell membrane | Controls the passage of substances into and out of the cell. |
| Mitochondria | Structures in the cytoplasm where oxygen is used and most of the energy is released during respiration. |
| Ribosomes | Where protein synthesis takes place. All the proteins needed in the cell are made here. |
| Cell Wall | Made of cellulose that strengthens the cell and gives it support. |
| Chloroplasts | Are found in all the green parts of the plant. They are green because they contain the green substance chlorophyll. |
| Chlorophyll | The green pigment contained in the chloroplasts. |
| Permanent Vacuole | A space in the cytoplasm filled with cell sap. This is important for keeping the cells rigid to support the plant. |
| Are Human cells the same as other animal cells? | Most human cells are like most other animal cells and contain a nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria and ribosomes. |
| How do plant and algal cells differ from animal cells? | Plant and algal cells contain all the structures seen in animal cells as well as a cell wall. Many plant cells also contain chloroplasts and a permanent vacuole filled with sap. |
| What are bacterial cells like? | A bacterial cells consists of cytoplasm and a membrane surrounded by a cell wall. The genes are not in a distinct nucleus. |
| How are yeast cells different form bacterial, plant and animal cells? | Yeast cells are single-celled organisms; furthermore the yeast cells are not living organisms. |
| Specialised Cells | Cells that carry out a particular function. |
| Examples of specialised cells | Fat Cells, Cone cells, root hair cells and sperm cells |
| Diffusion | The net movement of particles of a gas or a solute from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. |
| What affects the rate of diffusion? | The greater the difference in concentration, the faster the rate of diffusion. |
| What is a Tissue? | A tissue is a group of cells with similar structure and function. |
| What is an organ? | Organs are made of tissues. One organ may contain several types of tissue. |
| What are group systems? | Organ systems are groups of organs that perform a particular function. |
| What organs form the digestive system? | The stomach and the small intestine. |
| What are plant organs? | Plant organs include stems, roots and leaves. |
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