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| Question | Answer |
| How are chromosomes arranged in body cells? | In body cells, chromosomes are found in pairs. |
| What is mitosis? | Asexual cell division where two identical cells are formed. |
| What is cell differentiation and how does it differ in animals and plants? | Most types of animal cell differentiate at an early stage of development. Many plant cells can differentiate throughout their life. |
| What is meiosis? | The two-stage process of cell division which reduces the chromosomes number of the daughter cells. It is involved in making the gametes for sexual reproduction. |
| How does sexual reproduction give rise to variation? | Sexual reproduction gives rise to variety because genetic information from two parents is combined. |
| What is special about stem cells? | Embryonic cells and adult cells can be made to differentiate into many different types of cells. |
| How can we use stem cells to cure people? | Stem cells have the potential to treat previously incurable conditions. We may be able to grow nerve cells or whole new organs for people who need them. |
| What is DNA? | Deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material which is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information. |
| How are specific proteins made in the body? | A gene is a small section of DNA that codes for a particular combination of amino acids, which make a specific protein. |
| How is sex determined in humans? | In human body cells the sex chromosomes determine whether you are female (XX) or male (XY). |
| Can you construct a genetic diagram? | Yes |
| Can you construct a genetic diagram to make predictions about the likelihood of inheriting a genetic disorder? | Yes |
| Polydactyly | A genetic condition inherited through a dominant allele which results in extra fingers and toes. |
| Cystic fibrosis | A genetic disease that affects the lungs, digestive and reproductive systems. It is inherited through a recessive allele. |
| Are there any problems related to embryo screening? | There are number of economic, social and ethical issues surrounding the screening of embryos. |
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