Chris and Manuel - Girls' and Boys'Education - A Mind Map

Annotations:

• Use the Note Area to cite sources of information you found. Click the upper right corner of the box to make the note pad appear, then type.

1. Level 2: Sources Before 2010. In the bubbles below, record the main idea of each of the five articles we read for the discussion posts. Use dates in APA style.
   1. The main idea of How Schools Shortchange Girls (Wesley College 1992) article is that there is not enough attention paid to girls when it comes to discussing educational issues.
   2. Boys Are Struggling (Whitmire 2004) the main idea of this article is that girls are doing better in school than boys

      Annotations:

      • Note the citation here - it is APA style.  The author's last name and the date of the article/book.  Then at the end, you would have a list of references in APA style that would include the name of the article/book - like what most of you did for your biography project.
      1. Perhaps this is due to activities at home where girls are more focused on reading and boys on physical activity.
   3. The Problem with Gender-Based Education (Mead 2008) The main Idea of this article is that there was a belief that boys and girls learned differently but in reality the differences in learning between them are minimal.
   4. The Truth About Boys and Girls (Mead 2006) The main idea of this article is that the educational gap of boys is exaggerated by experts who want educational reforms in the education system.
   5. The main idea of the article Landscapes of Learning; Sexism in Schools (Greene 1978) is that many teachers are not aware of how they impose gender roles on their students and the consequences this has on the students' educational development
2. Level 2: Sources After 2010. Choose 5 of the 8 new articles I provided, or search the web for others. Any combination is also fine. In the bubbles below, record the main idea of each.
   1. Adams(2013) More women than men attend college by the choice they make on which high school to attend.
      1. Gender and ethnicity were two prominent factors in deciding which high school students enrolled
   2. Mead(2013) Girls are pulling ahead of boys in elite schools in New York, but at the same time boys significantly outnumber girls.
   3. Robelen(2013) The global reading gap for boys is three times as large as the math gap for girls.
   4. Heitin(2013) Boys favored over girls in science classes.
   5. Segal(2013) Boys have higher scores on the SAT, especially in the math section of the test.
      1. Despite girls doing better overall in the classroom, there are some speculations of why they score lower on the SAT.
         1. It could be that the SAT is not an accurate predictor of mathematical ability.
         2. Perhaps the belief that boys are better at math than girls is true due to social construct.
         3. It could be that the gender gap results are from the construction of the SAT itself that rewards risk taking.
3. Level 1: At least three connections go in bubbles on this level. What have you found to remain the same throughout both time periods (before 2010 and after 2010) concerning girls' and boys' ed? Write these connections in boxes/bubbles on this level.

   Annotations:

   • Here is where you show evidence of your thinking. Connect the pieces about boys and girls' education that you have found to be the same in sources before 2010 (which we read for the discussions) and in sources you found dated after 2010.
   1. In general, girls are doing better than boys and going off to college

      Annotations:

      • Adams 2013 USA Today 2004
   2. Boys and girls learn differently.

      Annotations:

      • Robelen 2013 Mead 2008
   3. There is still sexism in schools. In science classes, boys are favored over girls

      Annotations:

      • Greene 1978 Heitin 2014
4. Level 3: What differences in the updated information did you find? Compare articles dated after 2010 to those dated before 2010. Record at least three.
   1. Mead (2006) Says that even though girls are outperforming boys more and more this doesn't mean boys are doing worse and worse. Robelyn (2013) Boys an average still outperform girls in math but fall severely behind in reading skills
   2. Mead(2008) Gender-based education doesn't have enough evidence to be supported. Adams(2013) higher female enrollment in college may be due to gender bias when selecting high schools
   3. USA Today (2004) says Boys are struggling in all areas. Heitin (2014) Says that boys do well in science courses because of proper role models and examples of successful males in science.
   4. Level 4: Look at sources dated after 2010 that your group found for this week's discussion posts. On this level, show at least two likenesses (to the right) and two differences(to the left) you found as you studied these and ANY other works we have studied in the course. Cite your findings.
      1. Gender Bias in Education by Amanda Chapman (www.edchange.org/multicultural/papers/genderbias.html) is an article about the disconnect between academic achievement by female students versus the attention male students recieve from teachers in math and science classes. This article resonates with Heiten(2014), Mead(2013), and Robelen(2013)
         1. The Mead article explores the reasons girls may opt out of better schools due to unfair bias or competitiveness..
         2. Heiten(2014) This article investigates the reasons why female students on average feel more stress and anxiety in science classes could be due to male gender bias.
         3. Robelen(2013) In this article we are shown how on a global scale female students tend to be better at reading than male students and how male students show more aptitude for mathematics. We also learn about the gaps in these subjects and where these gaps exist on the grading scale)
      2. This article (http://businessinsider.com/why-boys-are-better-at-taking-exams-2013-8) differs from Whitmire (2004) because it says that boys actually do better than girls when taking exams becasue they are better at taking risks. Females are risk-adverse and tend to take longer to think about an answer)
         1. The article Bridging the Male Education Gap (DiPrete and Buchman 2013)(http://articles.latimes.com/2013/jun/11/opinion/la-oe-diprete-male-education-gap-20130611) is different from Mead (2006) becasue it states that there really is a significant gap between boys and firls in education in both high school and college completion.
            1. Men are less likely to enroll in college.
            2. Even after enrolling, men are less likely to get a degree or certificate.
      3. Gender Bias in Teaching by Kathryn Scantlebury (2009) explores the reasons we have these misconceptions of boys being naturally better at math and science than girls. She explains multiple factors that effect bias in teaching starting with bias in teachers, in pedagogy, the lasting effects of gender bias and how we can reduce gender bias. This has overlaps with Mead, Heiten, Robelen, and Adams.
         1. Mead studies how even though girls are treated different they still achieve many things. Mead gives some insight into what the misconceptions are and provides insight so that we can reduce bias.
         2. Robelen explores why girls react different to math and science and also explores how to reduce stress for girls in classrooms.
      4. Level 5: What conclusion(s) have you drawn about girls and boys' education as a result of synthesizing all you have read for this assignment?
         1. Girls react negatively to math and science because of many factors which can be easily remedied in the classroom but harder to change in the minds of people.

            Annotations:

            • http://www.hereiswhereifound.com.  A notation needs to be on each of your bubbles in this area - support what you believe!  For example, you could refer to something in "Savage Inequalities", in which case you would write: (Kozol, 1991)
         2. Testing needs to be reevaluated to better represent gender equality
            1. SAT should not reward guessing through elimination as much as it does.
            2. Testing should show mastery of a subject and it should reflect performance in the classroom.
         3. Gender bias could explain why girls are beginning to outperform boys in most areas because they feel like they need to do better than boys to stay equal and boys may be falling behing due to coddling.
         4. Math and reading are used as the standards for viewing gender bias but math bias is changing to being led by female students but reading is still a major issue for male students.