Rheumatic Fever

Pathogenesis
1. 1. Location
    1. Throat
    2. Skin
  2. Spread
    1. Respiratory droplets
    2. Direct contact
Epidemiology
1. Locally
2. Globally
3. Risk factors
  1. Family history
  2. Type of strep bacteria
  3. Environmental factors
Diagnosis
1. investigations
  1. CXR
  2. ECHO
  3. Lab
    1. ESR
    2. CRP
    3. ASO titer
    4. Throat culture
    5. Blood culture
  4. ECG
Prevention
1. Tertiary
  1. Reduce symptoms
    1. surgery
    2. medications
2. Secondary
  1. Preventing recurrent ARF
3. Primary
  1. Early diagnosis of strep throat
  2. Treatment with antibiotics
4. Primordial
  1. Improved housing
  2. Reduce overcrowding
Complications
1. Mitral regurgitation
  1. Causes
    1. RF
    2. Damaged cords
    3. Heart attack
    4. Valve prolapse
    5. Cardiomyopathy
    6. Trauma
  2. Complications
    1. Thrombi
    2. Endocarditis
    3. Pericarditis
    4. CHF
  3. Hemodynamic changes
2. Heart failure
3. Death
4. Atrial fibrillation
5. Stroke
6. Mitral Stenosis
  1. Causes
    1. Rheumatic fever
    2. Congenital
    3. Calcium deposits
  2. Symptoms
    1. Shortness of breath
    2. Orthopnea
    3. Fatigue
    4. Mitral facies
    5. Palpitations
    6. Hemoptysis
  3. Diagnosis
    1. Physical exam
    2. ECHO
  4. Complications
    1. HF
    2. Arrythmia
    3. Systemic embolism
    4. Pulmonary hypertension
    5. Pulmonary edema
  5. Management
    1. Valve replacement
    2. Valve replair
      1. Heart surgery
      2. Balloon valvotomy
    3. Diuretics, B-blockers, Digoxin, Ca++ channel blockers
  6. Prevention
    1. Strep throat antibiotics
7. Heart muscle damage
  1. Heart
    1. Surface anatomy
    2. Sounds
    3. Valves
      1. Auscultation positions
      2. Anatomical positions
    4. Internal feautures
8. Aortic stenosis
Signs & Symptoms
1. Fever
2. Chest pain
3. Migratory Arthiritis
4. Carditis
  1. Myocarditis
  2. Endocarditis
    1. Complications
    2. Diagnosis
  3. Pericarditis
5. Subcutaneous nodules
6. Heart murmur
  1. Systolic
  2. Diastolic
  3. Continuous
7. Sore throat
8. Erythema Marginatum
9. Sydnham chorea
10. Shortness of breath
11. Fatigue
Management
1. Lifestyle changes
  1. Prophylaxis
  2. Bed rest
  3. Avoid stress
    1. Avoid smoking
    2. Excercise
    3. Manage weight
    4. Anti-failure drugs
      1. ACE-I
      2. B-Blockers
      3. Diuretics
  4. Inform doctors, dentists, teachers, and caregivers.
2. Medications
  1. Anti-inflammatory therapy
    1. NSAIDs
  2. Antibiotic therapy
    1. Penicillin G

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Rheumatic Fever

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	Created by n k almost 7 years ago