132524
Description
Mind Map by harry_bygraves, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by harry_bygraves
over 11 years ago
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Temperature
control
- Thermoregulation is the process by which an animal regualtes its temperature. Animals that can maintain a
stable body temperature are sometimes called homiotherms or warm blooded. Animals with a body temperature
that is more or less the same of that of the enviroment are sometimes called poikilotherms or cold-blooded.
- A ecotherm such as a reptile has a body temperature that changes with the enviromental temperature.
However, ectotherms can use behavioural control mechanisms to regulate their internal body temperature.
- All mammals and birds are endotherms. They control their body temperature
indepedantly of the enviroment using internal physiological controls
mechanisms as well as behavioural ones. Not all the body of the mammal is
kept at a constant temperature, only the body core. The skin and tissue close
to the body surface are always cooler than the core becuase it is through
these structures that heat is exchanged with the enviroment
- Generally, endotherms can remain active over a far wider range of envirometnal
temperatures than can ecotherms. Within certain limits, endotherms are free to migrate long
distances and maintain high rates of activity in all sorts of weather. This allows them to
capture and kill prey or escape form ectothermic predators. Maintaining a body temperature
different from that of the external enviroment requires a great deal of energy for metabolism.
Consequently, although being endothermic has freed mammals and birds from fluctuations
in enviroemtnal temperatures, it has made them slaves to their stomachs. They require
much more food than ecotherms of equivalent size
- Regulation of skin temperature. The system that
regulates the skin surface temperature is more
obvious to us because we are more concious of
most of its main components; the set point,
detectors, compartor, and connective mechanism
- The set point is the preferred skin temperature, the
temperatre at which a person feels comfortable
- The set point is the preferred skin temperature, the
temperatre at which a person feels comfortable
- The detectors are thermoreceptors in the skin. Heat receptors detect
increase in the skin temperature while cold receptors detect a decrease
- The cortex oof the brain acts as a compartor. If we feel too hot or too cold, we
may decide to move to a cooler or warmer area, remove or add clothing, or take
some other voluntary action which brings our skin temperature back to its norm
- The cortex oof the brain acts as a compartor. If we feel too hot or too cold, we
may decide to move to a cooler or warmer area, remove or add clothing, or take
some other voluntary action which brings our skin temperature back to its norm
- The error signals are nerve impulses to vollunatry muscles
- Behavioural responses act as the connective mechanism
- Behavioural responses act as the connective mechanism
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