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Proto-Indo-European: *ph₂tḗr

Description

Inherited descendants of Indo-European *ph₂tḗr "father".
Julia Redmond
Mind Map by Julia Redmond, updated more than 1 year ago
Julia Redmond
Created by Julia Redmond almost 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Proto-Indo-European: *ph₂tḗr
  1. Proto-Armenian: *hatir, *hayir
    1. Old Armenian: հայր (hayr)
      1. Armenian: հեր (her)
    2. Proto-Celtic: *ɸatīr
      1. Old Welsh: -atr
        1. Old Irish: athair
          1. Irish: athair
            1. Manx: ayr
              1. Scottish Gaelic: athair
              2. Gaulish: *atir
              3. Proto-Germanic: *fadēr
                1. Old English: fæder
                  1. Middle English: fader
                    1. English: father
                      1. Scots: faither
                        1. Yola: vather
                      2. Old Frisian: fader
                        1. North Frisian
                          1. Söl'ring: Faaðer
                            1. Goesharde: fåår
                            2. Saterland Frisian: Foar
                              1. West Frisian: faar
                              2. Old Saxon: fadar
                                1. Middle Low German: vāder
                                  1. German Low German: Vader
                                    1. Plautdietsch: Voda
                                2. Old Dutch: fadar
                                  1. Middle Dutch: vāder
                                    1. Dutch: vader
                                      1. Afrikaans: vader
                                        1. Jersey Dutch: vâder
                                        2. Limburgish: vajer
                                      2. Old High German: fater
                                        1. Middle High German: vater
                                          1. Alemannic
                                            1. Zürich: Vatter
                                              1. Uri: Fatter
                                                1. Italian Walser
                                                  1. Carcoforo: fater
                                                    1. Rimella: vàtter
                                                  2. Bavarian
                                                    1. Udinese
                                                      1. Sappada: voter
                                                        1. Sauris: voter
                                                          1. Timavese: votar
                                                          2. Cimbrian
                                                            1. Luserna: vatar
                                                              1. 13 Communities: vatar
                                                                1. Sette Comuni: baatar
                                                              2. Central Franconian: Vader
                                                                1. Transylvania Saxon: Foater
                                                                2. German: Vater
                                                                  1. Vilamovian: foter
                                                                    1. Yiddish: פֿאָטער (foter)
                                                                  2. Old Norse: faðir
                                                                    1. Elfdalian: faðer
                                                                      1. Faroese: faðir
                                                                        1. Icelandic: faðir
                                                                          1. Gutnish: far
                                                                            1. Norn
                                                                              1. Orkney: fa
                                                                                1. Shetland: fy
                                                                                2. Norwegian: far
                                                                                  1. Old Danish: faþir
                                                                                    1. Danish: far
                                                                                    2. Old Swedish: faþir
                                                                                      1. Swedish: far
                                                                                      2. Scanian: faðer
                                                                                        1. Westrobothnian: far
                                                                                        2. Gothic: (fadar)
                                                                                        3. Proto-Hellenic: *patḗr
                                                                                          1. Ancient Greek: πατήρ (patḗr)
                                                                                            1. Greek: πατήρ (patír)
                                                                                            2. Mycenaean Greek: (pa-te)
                                                                                            3. Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pHtā́
                                                                                              1. Proto-Indo-Aryan: *pHtā́
                                                                                                1. Sanskrit: पितृ (pitṛ́)
                                                                                                  1. Sauraseni Prakrit: (piu)
                                                                                                    1. Hindi: पिउ (piu)
                                                                                                      1. Punjabi: ਪਿਉ (piu)
                                                                                                      2. Maharastri Prakrit: (piu)
                                                                                                    2. Proto-Iranian: *pHtā́
                                                                                                      1. Avestan: (pitar)
                                                                                                        1. Khotanese (patär-)
                                                                                                          1. Ossetian
                                                                                                            1. Digor: фидӕ (fidæ)
                                                                                                              1. Iron: фыд (fyd)
                                                                                                              2. Sogdian: (ptr-)
                                                                                                                1. Pashto: پلار‎ (plar)
                                                                                                                  1. Baluchi: پت‎ (pit)
                                                                                                                    1. Kurdish: pya
                                                                                                                      1. Old Persian: (pitā)
                                                                                                                        1. Middle Persian: (pidar)
                                                                                                                          1. Persian: پدر‎ (pedar)
                                                                                                                            1. Tajik: падар (padar)
                                                                                                                      2. Proto-Italic: *patēr
                                                                                                                        1. Aeqian: patre
                                                                                                                          1. Umbrian: (pater)
                                                                                                                            1. Oscan: (pater)
                                                                                                                              1. Faliscan: (pater)
                                                                                                                                1. Southern Picene: (pater)
                                                                                                                                  1. Latin: pater
                                                                                                                                    1. Emilian: pèder
                                                                                                                                      1. Franco-Provençal: pâre
                                                                                                                                        1. Ligurian: poæ
                                                                                                                                          1. Lombard: pader
                                                                                                                                            1. Aragonese: pai
                                                                                                                                              1. Neapolitan: pate
                                                                                                                                                1. Old French: pedre
                                                                                                                                                  1. pere
                                                                                                                                                    1. Bourguignon: peire
                                                                                                                                                      1. Middle French: pere
                                                                                                                                                        1. French: père
                                                                                                                                                        2. Norman
                                                                                                                                                          1. Contentinais‎: père
                                                                                                                                                            1. Guernésiais‎: pére
                                                                                                                                                              1. Jèrriais: péthe
                                                                                                                                                              2. Walloon: pere
                                                                                                                                                            2. Old Italian: patre
                                                                                                                                                              1. Italian: padre
                                                                                                                                                              2. Old Leonese
                                                                                                                                                                1. Asturian: pá
                                                                                                                                                                  1. Extremaduran: pairi
                                                                                                                                                                    1. Leonese: pai
                                                                                                                                                                      1. Mirandese: pai
                                                                                                                                                                      2. Old Portuguese: padre
                                                                                                                                                                        1. Galician: padre
                                                                                                                                                                          1. Portuguese: padre
                                                                                                                                                                            1. pay
                                                                                                                                                                              1. Galician: pai
                                                                                                                                                                                1. Portuguese: pai
                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Guinea-Bissau Creole: pai
                                                                                                                                                                                    1. Indo-Portuguese: pai
                                                                                                                                                                                      1. Kabuverdianu: pai
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Kristang: pai
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Sãotomense: pe
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Annobonese: pe
                                                                                                                                                                                      2. Sicilian: patri
                                                                                                                                                                                        1. Venetian: pare
                                                                                                                                                                                          1. Old Spanish: padre
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Ladino: פאדרי‎ (padre)
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Spanish: padre
                                                                                                                                                                                          2. Mysian: πατρ (patr)
                                                                                                                                                                                            1. Phrygian: πατερ (pater)
                                                                                                                                                                                              1. Proto-Tocharian: *pācer
                                                                                                                                                                                                1. Tocharian A: pācer
                                                                                                                                                                                                  1. Tocharian B: pācer
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