THYROID GLAND

ANATOMY
HISTOLOGY
PARATHYROID GLAND
1. lies on the dorsal surface of the thyroid gland, releases parathyroid hormone (PTH)
DYSFUNCTION
1. HYPER
  1. GRAVE'S DISEASE
    1. TREATMENT
    2. an autoimmune disorder characterized by autoantibodies against the TSH receptor
      1. TRIAD
        thyrotoxicosis + pretibial myxedmea
        exophthalmus
2. HYPO
  1. HASHIMOTO'S THYRODITIS
    1. condition where the immune system attacks the thyroid gland consisting of an early goitrous phase and an atrophic phase
  2. in children: cretinism
  3. in adults: myxedmea
  4. TREATMENT
    1. thyroxine supplements
      1. liothyronine
      2. levothyroxine
HORMONES
1. CALCITONIN
  1. effect on tissues
2. THRYOXINE
  1. T3
    1. triiodothyronine (active form)
  2. T4
    1. tetraiodothyronine
  3. synthesis
  4. EFFECT
    1. CNS maturation, critical in perinatal period
    2. increases BMR
    3. increases growth
    4. metabolism of lipids & glucose, net catabolic effect on proteins
    5. increases heart rate & cardiac output
3. secreted under the influence of TSH

Resource summary

	Created by SaHaR OsMaN about 3 years ago