797268
Viscosity &
Non-Newtonian
Flow
- Viscosity
- Viscosity is a
measure of how
resistance a fluid
is to flow. Simply,
the thicker the
fluid, the longer it
takes to flow, and
that is how
viscosity can be
imagined.
- Is divided into two
components:
absolute viscosity
and kinematic
viscosity.
- Absolute
viscosity is the
most common
type of viscosity,
which is the
coefficient of how
good the
resistance of flow
in a fluid.
- Kinematic
viscosity is the
same as
absolute
viscosity, but is
only applied in
the presence of
gravity. It also
can be
visualized as
how fast a fluid
with certain
viscosity can
flow.
- Relationship: Kinematic
viscosity = (Absolute
viscosity)/Density of fluid
- Absolute
viscosity is the
most common
type of viscosity,
which is the
coefficient of how
good the
resistance of flow
in a fluid.
- Newtonian Fluid
- A fluid that
maintains it
viscosity even
after an
external force
is applied.
Example is
water.
- A fluid that
maintains it
viscosity even
after an
external force
is applied.
Example is
water.
- Viscosity is a
measure of how
resistance a fluid
is to flow. Simply,
the thicker the
fluid, the longer it
takes to flow, and
that is how
viscosity can be
imagined.
- Non-Newtonian Flow
- Type of
Non-Newtonian
Flow
- Pseudoplastic - viscosity decreases with increased stress.
Dilatant - viscosity increases with increased stress.
Thixotropic - viscosity decreases with stress over time.
Rheopectic - Viscosity increases with stress over time.
- Examples
- Pseudoplastic - Ketchup, Syrups.
Dilatant - Sand in water,
Concoction of cornstarch.
Thixotropic - Yogurt, gelatin gels.
Rheopectic - Printer ink.
- Pseudoplastic - Ketchup, Syrups.
Dilatant - Sand in water,
Concoction of cornstarch.
Thixotropic - Yogurt, gelatin gels.
Rheopectic - Printer ink.
- Below: Figure detailing relationship
between Non-Newtonian Fluid and
shear stress.
- Pseudoplastic - viscosity decreases with increased stress.
Dilatant - viscosity increases with increased stress.
Thixotropic - viscosity decreases with stress over time.
Rheopectic - Viscosity increases with stress over time.
- Type of
Non-Newtonian
Flow
- Application
- Measuring oil
viscosity is important
to determine how to
apply Darcy's Law,
and can be used to
determine the
permeability in oil
ifield.
- Can also be used to
determine the cost of
transportation of oil in the
well, and to determine the
production of oil.
- Measuring oil
viscosity is important
to determine how to
apply Darcy's Law,
and can be used to
determine the
permeability in oil
ifield.
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