Began in ancient China over 5000 years ago
using dried leaves and boiling water turns the
water into brown liquid form
Tea
Culture
In JAPAN, the first
tea seeds were
brought to Japan by
the returning
Buddhist priest
Yeisei.
Spread throughout the
Chinese culture- in 800
A.D.Lu Yu wrote the first
definitive book on tea, The
Ch'a Ching
In Europe- the
Portuguese Jesuit
Father Jasper de
Cruz(1560)
personally encounter
tea and write about it
England- Afternoon tea concept
was introduced
Types of Tea
Black Tea
Green Tea
Oolong Tea
China White Tea
Herbal Tea
Tea
Composition
- Essential oil, Caffiene,Polyphenol
World
Production
Top producer- India, China, Sri Lanka
and Kenya. Black tea represent 80% of
world production
Tea Plantation in
Malaysia
Boh Plantation Sdn Bhd was establish on
23 April 1929 owns 4 garden teas which are
Boh, Sungai Palas, Fairlie and Bukit
Cheeding. Constitutes around 70% in
Malaysia
Leaves of the tea plant provide the tea of commerce.
Terminal shoots with 2 or 3 leaves are collected every week.
Green tea- heated immediately to stop any fermentation.
Black tea- rolled and fermented for several hours before
being oven and dried.
Tea
Flowers
Cultural practices-
prefers acid soil rich in
organic matter
Flowers- 4cm wide
fragrant flowers and they
are self-sterile,
pollinated by insects.
Tea life
span
Produce good tea for
50-70 years but after 50
years yield will reduce
Maturity and
Harvest
Matures in 3-5 years
and produce flush.
Each shoot consists
of few leaves and a
bud
At low altitude the growth is so rapid and
need to pick every few days to get the best
tips. At higher altitudes it takes as long as 2
weeks to grow a flush.
Tea Nursery
Nursery should be shaded
Cutting can be propagated
in soil mixtures of coarse
sand and top soil
Moist
environment
using misting or
frequent watering
Use
rooting
hormones
Morphology
1. Environment
Abundant and evenly
distributed rainfall and
sunshine
Deep, permeable,
well-drained, fertile
and acidic soil
High altitudes
2. Planting
materials
Seed
Cuttings
PLANTING,
PRUNING,
FERTILIZATION
Planting
Distance
Hedge plantings
in row 1.5m,
spaced 60cm
Planting
Method
Planting points are marked by
stakes. Holes are dug along the
stakes. fertilizer mixed with soil and
shade is not required if it have been
hardened in nursery.
Infilling
Empty point
should be replaced
Used the strong
plant to compete
Should be done
after pruning
Pruning
Bringing
into bearing
Formation
pruning
Pegging
Maintenance
Skiffing
Tipping
Fertilizer Practice
Cameron Highlands-
NPKMg 18:11:5:2 at
153-270kg N/ha per
year, split into 2
application
Lowlands- same
mixture at rates
180-396kg N/ha per
year
PEST AND
DISEASE
Pest
Tea thrips
Scirtothrips
bispinosus
Leaf surface uneven
and curled
control
yellow sticky
traps
verticillium lecanii
@ 1.5kg/ha
Tea mosquito
bug
suck of sap
Helopeltis antonii
reddish brown
spots
Red spider
mites
chemical control
Endosulfan 35 EC,
quinalphos 25 EC
DISEASE
Grey Blight and
die back
shoots
control
carbendazim,
mancozeb,
thiophanate
Pestalotia thea
Attack mature leaves,
young shoots and bare
stalks leaves