13213339
Descrição
FlashCards por Somto Ibeme, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Somto Ibeme
mais de 6 anos atrás
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| Questão | Responda |
| What are abiotic factors? | non-living factors of ecosystem temperature light/wind intensity concentration of CO2/O2 |
| What are biotic factors? | living factors predators competition (no. too low to breed) availability of food new pathogen |
| Definition of population: | all organisms of one species living in a habitat |
| Definition of community: | populations of different species living in a habitat |
| Definition of ecosystem: | interaction of a community of organisms (biotic) with non-living (abiotic) parts of environment |
| What do plants compete for? | water, light, space, mineral ions (nutrients) |
| What do animals compete for? | space(territory), food, water, mates |
| What are extremophiles? | microorganisms that are adapted to live in extreme conditions high pressure (deep sea vents) high temperatures (volcanic vents) high salt concentrations |
| What are structural adaptations? | features of organism's body structure thick layer of blubber (retain heat, store of energy) large surface area to volume ratio (lose heat) small ears (reduces heat losses) large feet (spread load evenly) |
| What are behavioural adaptations? | way organism behaves migration (avoid cold conditions) acting dead releasing toxins/poisons to warn others |
| What are quadrats and what are they used for? | square frame enclosing known area, how common an organism is study distribution of small organisms |
| What are transect lines and what are they used for? | study distribution of organism across an area |
| What are four main stages of water cycle? | evaporation, transpiration, condensation, precipitation |
| Description of water cycle: | water evaporates from sea/land/plants (transpiration) vapour carried upwards, cools + condenses (clouds) water falls as rain/snow/hail on land, fresh water for plants/humans drains into sea |
| What is a stable community? | population sizes roughly the same (environmental factors in balance), numbers of predators + prey rise + fall in cycles. tropical rainforests, woodlands |
| What is interdependence? | species depend on other species in order to survive (seed dispersal, shelter...) if one species removed, major change on ecosystem |
| What do food chains always start with? | producer (green plant/algae) produce own food using energy from sun |
| What is biomass? | mass of living material, energy stored in plant |
| Why is there more biomass at the lower trophic levels? | only small proportion of food converted into new tissue (the food for next trophic level), not digested |
| Calculate mean number of organisms per quadrat: | total no. of organisms/no. of quadrats |
| Carbon cycle: | combustion (burning (fossil fuels/deforestation)) photosynthesis decomposition (CO2 released in decay) respiration |
| Indicators of pollution: | mayfly larva (clean) sludgeworm (high pollution) sulfur dioxide damage lichens bushy lichen (present in clean air) crusty lichen (more tolerant) |
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