Flashcards
Geology Lab Flashcards #2
Flashcards do conjunto (33)
- 1Surficial GeologyThe study of geologic deposits around and on the surface of the earth
- 2LandformsThings that make up the surface of the landscape (rivers, valleys, cliffs, dunes, etc.)
- 3BedrockThe underlying rock that lies below soil or other unconsolidated deposits
- 4Unconsolidated SedimentsLoose sediment that has not been cemented and takes the form of sand and gravel instead of sandstone or conglomerate rocks
- 5StereoscopesA tool that geologists use to make 2D images appear 3D in order to assess landforms
- 6Glacial DepositsSediment that is deposited because of a glacier disturbing the section on top of land mass or the sides or bottom of rocky areas
- 7SoilsThe result of surface weathering or underlying deposits of rock
- 8AlluviumUnconsolidated clastic that is deposited by moving waterways (streams, rivers, etc.)
- 9UltramaficVery dark rocks consisting of mainly olivine with some pyroxene
- 10MaficContain olivine, pyroxene, plagioclase and sometimes amphibole
- 11IntermediateContain plagioclase, hornblende, quartz, and sometimes pyroxene, biotite, and K-feldspar
- 12FelsicContain plagioclase, K-feldspar, quartz, amphibole and biotite
- 13IntrusiveHas a phaneritic texture
- 14ExtrusiveHas an aphanitic texture
- 15Name ModifierApplies when a rock is porphyritic or vesicular instead of intrusive or extrusive
- 16Quartz ArenitesRocks containing 90% or more quartz
- 17Feldspathic ArenitesRocks containing less than 90% quartz but more/= than 50% alkali feldspar
- 18Lithic ArenitesRocks containing less than 90% quartz but more/= than 50% lithic grains
- 19Depositional StructuresForm as a result of physical processes that act upon sediment. Can include planar bedding, ripple marks, cross bedding or graded bedding
- 20Planar BeddingWhen there are linear and horizontal settling of grains that results from a low energy flow
- 21Ripple MarksRepeating waves that can be cross laminae, asymmetrical or symmetrical
- 22Cross BeddingLarge scale ripple cross lamina that can occur due to wind or water and show the direction of the stress
- 23Graded BeddingWhere a layer will display a gradual change in grain or particle size
- 24Stress and StrainAre responsible for most of the textural changes in metamorphic rocks
- 25FoliationWhen a metamorphic rock has a layered appearance due to parts of the original rock being aligned into horizontal planes
- 26Regional DeformationHow foliation occurs and is a large scale even such as mountain building
- 27Index MineralsMark the increasingly higher grades of metamorphism in the order: chlorite, biotite, garnet, kyanite
- 28PorphyroblastsWhen metamorphic minerals appear as large crystals in a finer-grained matrix
- 29OoidsApproximately spherical grains that appear in different limestones
- 30Classification of LimestonesMud supported Limestones:
Mudstone
Wackestone
Grain supported Limestones:
Packstone
Grainstone
Original components are bound:
Coral boundstone
Stromatolite Boundstone - 31Foliated Metamorphic RocksMudstone or shale:
slate
phyllite
schist
Mudstone or Igneous felsic rock:
gneiss - 32Non-Foliated Metamorphic RocksSandstone—Quartzite
Conglomerate—metaconglomerate
Limestone or Dolostone—Marble
Basalt or Gabbro—Amphibolite - 33Mount YamnuskaThe surficial geology lab which was a ridge that had oceanic crust that was thrust-faulted on top of the younger sedimentary crust
Informações
- Descrição
- Everything after the first lab midterm for the lab terminology
- Criado por
- Natasha Gidluck
- Visualizações
- 11
- Avaliação