Book the Second Flashcards

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To what does Dickens compare the dark, old-fashioned Tellson’s Bank? How are they alike?	The bank is described as a small, dark, ugly, incommodious place with a resentment for change and improvement. · It is compared with England who will disinherit anyone who even tries to propose change for improvement in laws or customs that were objectionable. · Look, too, at how personification merges with dark imagery: “Tellson’s…wanted no elbow room, Tellson’s wanted no light, Tellson’s wanted no embellishment” (53). This personification represents Tellson’s as a place of death and – indeed – when we look at the evidence on p. 54, they were responsible for many deaths.
We find out more about Jerry Cruncher. Add to his characterization. How does he offer comic relief? Why does he object to his wife’s “flopping”?	Jerry was an odd-job man, occasional porter and messenger of the bank. · He was never absent from his job during business hours (unless upon an errand) (55). · He claims that his wife is praying against him, against their prosperity. He accuses her of being responsible for their bad luck in life. His paranoia regarding his wife’s prayer offers comic relief…it’s almost humorous.
What is mysterious about Jerry?	Two things: his boots are mysteriously muddy in the morning sometimes and young Jerry wonders where his father got the rust under his fingernails when there is no rust at his workplace.
We have had the “justice” systems of both England and France described. Show how the punishment awaiting the prisoner Charles Darnay is barbaric.	One spectator remarks that “he’ll be drawn on a hurdle to be half hanged, and then he’ll be taken down and sliced before his own face, and then his inside will be taken out and burnt while he looks on, and then his head will be chopped off, and he’ll be cut into quarters” (62). · The punishment is made even more barbaric by the fact that so many of the courtroom’s spectators came just because they saw the trial as a form of entertainment: “Had he stood in peril of a less horrible sentence…[he would] have lost in his fascination” (63).
Of what is Charles Darnay accused?	Accused of treason against the state. More specifically of revealing state secrets to the French king.
Why are Miss Manette and her father present in the courtroom? How has Dr. Manette changed?	They are witnesses against the accused, Charles Darnay. Dr. Manette, although still white-haired and “old-looking” recovered greatly to look like a man who was not past his prime yet.
We meet some more characters – John Barsad, Roger Cly, and a wigged gentleman who stares at the ceiling. Briefly, identify them and the roles they play	John Barsad = a “patriot” who tells lies against Darnay, saying he had a list of people who were American spies. · Roger Cly = another “patriot,” the “virtuous servant” who testifies against Darnay · The wigged gentleman is Sydney Carton who testifies in favor of Darnay (particularly in part because he bears such a strong physical resemblance to him).
Explain the “blue flies.”	The metaphor for the blood-thirsty spectators in the courtroom who await Darnay’s death penalty and buzz around spreading gossip.
How does the wigged gentleman, Mr. Carton, save the prisoner? What is his (Carton’s) attitude toward Miss Manette? What is the outcome of the “trial”?	There is a remarkable similarity between Darnay and Carton so that the witness against Darnay was not sure anymore whether it was Darnay or Carton who he was testifying against. · He has a gentle attitude toward Lucie. · Darnay was acquitted (set free), thereby also being recalled to life.
What is the shadow that sometimes falls on Dr. Manette?	His memory of the Bastille sometimes comes as a shadow over him. It is sometimes evoked by an event such as the courtroom or just comes on by itself for some inexplicable reason.
Why doesn’t Carton like Darnay?	Darnay seems to be everything that Sydney Carton want to be but is not due to his excessive drinking (handsome, smart, successful). Darnay symbolizes Carton’s unrealized possibilities. · Note the duality here: both are physically similar, but different in character.
What can Carton do that Stryver cannot?	He can “extract the essence from a heap of statements” (86-87). In other words he can distinguish relevant from irrelevant arguments.
Why is Carton called the Jackal and Stryver the Lion?	Lion = a leader · Jackal = someone who performs menial tasks for someone else, but is – in their own right – quite cunning.
What is the significance of the title “Hundreds of People?”	Literally, it refers to the numerous suitors that Miss Pross says are knocking down the door to be with Lucie. · Figuratively, it refers to the upcoming revolution in which a multitude of angry people will enter into characters’ lives.
Who visits Lucie?	Carton and Darnay
How does Dr. Manette react when Darnay (rather tactlessly) asks him if he’s visited the Tower – England’s equivalent to the Bastille?	He seems to have been lost but only for a brief second; then he quickly recovers himself, claiming that he has never been there.
Find other examples of foreshadowing in this chapter.	The echo of the footsteps · The title “Hundreds of People” · Darnay’s story about a prisoner who wrote the word DIG on the wall · The company is watching and waiting for the storm to come · Lorry saying, “Never have a night like this together again.”
The Monseigneur is a rich aristocrat; we hear of him no more after this chapter. What is the full significance of the hot chocolate scene associated with the Monseigneur?	This scene demonstrates how French aristocracy indulges in frivolous luxuries rather than takes care of the people of France. The ritual of drinking hot chocolate is far more important than affairs of state.
Who says “I devote you to the devil” to the Monseigneur? (no name but describe him).	“A man of about sixty, handsomely dressed, haughty in manner, and with a face like a fine mask. A face of a transparent paleness; every feature in it clearly defined…a handsome face, and a remarkable one” (109-110).
What happens to Gaspard’s child?	The Marquis’s horses run over Gaspard’s child, killing him instantly.
What is the aristocrat’s reaction to the accident?	He criticizes people for how they cannot take care of themselves or their children. He throws a golden coin as recompense for the accident, but is ultimately more concerned with his horses than the child he just killed.
Who throws the gold coin back into the carriage?	One of the peasants on the scene of the accident – Madame Defarge is there knitting.
What is the significance of the setting sun in the opening scene?	Foreshadows the death of Marquis and the death of the country he represents.
What does the grizzled mender of roads tell the carriage’s occupant?	The mender of roads tells the Marquis that a man was holding onto the bottom of the carriage.
This aristocrat is so “humane.” Explain.	The Marquis is human but not humane. The expression is ironic because of his cruelty.
Explain the allusion to mythology – the Gorgon’s head.	In Greek mythology, the Gorgon is one of three sisters with snakes for hair. They are so horrible that a beholder is turned to stone. · The opening paragraph of the chapter describes Marquis’ chateau as all made of stone.
What is Darnay’s relationship with the Marquis?	Darnay is the Marquis’ nephew
Whom does the Marquis inquire about in England?	Dr. Manette and his daughter
What happened to the Marquis at chapter’s end? What is significant about the message left behind?	He was killed by the Jacquerie (stabbed in his sleep) · The message: “Drive him fast to his tomb.” The message is the warning of the violence and bloodshed to come, but this time it won’t be caused by the aristocracy, but by the peasantry.
What are the two promises?	Darnay’s promise never to separate Lucie and her father if he ever had a chance to marry Lucie; He also promises not to reveal his identity before the marriage day. · Dr. Manette promises Lucie that if she wants to marry Darnay, he won’t stand in the way.
Why was it “dark and darker” when Lucie returned?	Literally, it was later in the evening when Lucie returned, but it was also “darker” in Dr. Manette’s mind as the shadow had fallen over him (he suspects Darnay’s identity)
Whom does Stryver intend to marry?	Lucie Manette
How does Carton react?	He continues drinking heavily but does not say anything. He obviously bottles up his feelings.
How does Mr. Lorry respond when Stryver tells him his plans to “do her a favor” and marry Lucie?	Mr. Lorry suggests that Stryver postpone his proposal till Mr. Lorry goes and asks her so that Stryver can be sure he won’t be rejected.
How does Stryver rely on “sour grapes” to get him through this blow?	He presents the situation as if everyone else is a loser but him.
Explain Dickens’s use of humor in this chapter.	Stryver’s matter-of-fact attitude and arrogantly thinking that everything depends on him. His stubbornness to accept the marriage proposal; he compares his proposal to Lucie to an easy court case.
What takes place between Miss Manette and Sydney Carton?	Sydney offers up his heart and confesses his love for Lucie. He is also aware that Lucie cannot return that love because he is not worthy of it.
What two promises are made?	Lucie will never speak with anyone about what happened between her and Carton, and to remember that he would give anything for her and the ones she loves – including his life.
Whose funeral is it?	Roger Cly, a spy.
How does the crowd react to this funeral?	Like a mob. They want to desecrate his body and destroy everything on their way. (p. 157
We have another extended metaphor. How does Jerry go “fishing”?	Jerry goes fishing in the graveyard, digging up coffins out of the ground.
Does Jerry “catch” anything? How do you know?	No. We know this by his reaction towards his wife. He beats her for praying against him; he thinks this is why his business is unsuccessful. He says, “there was no fish for breakfast” (164).
How does the “recall to life” theme show up in this chapter?	Jerry is a “resurrection man” – a grave robber – who sells dead bodies to scientists, surgeons, or medical students. This chapter is a parody of the “recall” theme.
What does the mender of roads tell Defarge and the Jacques?	He tells them the story about a tall man who was hanging on the bottom of Marquis’ carriage. The man was later arrested.
Describe the punishment the government gives Gaspard.	The soldiers arrested and chained Gaspard, dragging him up the hill. They behaved with great cruelty, beating him along the way. Later, he was seen in the prison cell.
How was Damines punished after he tried to kill Louis XV?	His right hand (while holding a knife) was burned in front of his face. The wounds on his arms, breast, and legs were poured with boiling oil, melted lead, hot resin, wax, and sulfur. Later, he was torn limb from limb by four horses.
Describe the death of Gaspard.	He was hanged and cut with a knife; his body was left hanging above the fountain, dripping blood, and thus poisoning the water.
What is the register and what has just been put in it?	Madame’s knitting is a secret register. The mender of roads is going to be sacrificed for the sake of the revolution.
Why is John Barsad coming to the wine shop?	He wants to find out about the revolutionary work done in St. Antoine. He says he’s there to convey sympathy and support for Gaspard.
Madame shows some concern for her husband. How so? Should Dickens have put in this detail? Explain.	She accuses him of being impatient about the upcoming revolution. In doing so, her own bloodlust is revealed, which is an important part of her character.
What news does Barsad tell the Defarges?	Lucie Manette and Charles Darnay are going to marry.
What is Monsieur’s reaction?	His hand trembles, and at first, he could not believe it. He hopes that, if this is true, that Destiny will keep Darnay away from France during the revolution.
What is Madame’s reaction?	he acts coldly as usual and enters their names in her register. Defarge is much more sympathetic than his wife. (Note the foreshadowing and portrayal of Madame Defarge on 187 and 188.)
Who is Lucie’s bridesmaid? Who else attends?	Miss Pross = bridesmaid. Mr. Lorry also attends.
What does Charles Darnay tell Dr. Manette?	His real identity. He is from France, the Evremond family.
What is Dr. Manette’s reaction?	He reacted in another lapse of shoemaking and not knowing his surroundings.
What is significant about the chapter’s title, “Nine Days”?	His lapse lasted nine days.
Mr. Lorry tells another “story.” Why?	He needs to know how he should proceed – in a strictly businesslike manner – with treating Dr. Manette – both in the present and in the future.
What do Mr. Lorry and Miss Pross do at chapter’s end? Significance?	They destroy all his shoemaking tools, burning them. On the one hand, they take away a valuable source of comfort; on the other hand, they take away the last remnants of his time in jail.
Sydney Carton once again comes to the Manettes’ with an open heart, but this time he speaks with Darnay, asking him permission to visit the family from time to time. Compare Darnay’s attitude towards him with Lucie’s attitude in the similar situation	Darnay’s attitude, while ultimately impartial, is also uncaring. He speaks the surface-level truth about Carton, that he is careless and reckless. In contrast, Lucie shows compassion and generosity, reminding her husband that Carton is “weak in his misery”
What happened to Lucie’s son?	He died.
How do Lucie’s children react to Carton?	They are strangely drawn to him, and express sympathy for him. He is the first stranger to whom little Lucie held out her arms, and one of the last people Lucie’s son mentions before he dies.
How does Mr. Lorry know that something is “cooking” in France?	Because all of the Tellson’s Bank customers in Paris are bringing their business over to the London branch…and there’s a lot of gossip and rumors that go along with that. Darnay says that it’s not a good sign.
The footsteps that Lucie imagines in the tranquility of her home in Soho are juxtaposed to the footsteps of the revolutionaries in St. Antoine. What important historical event is described here and what is Dickens’s attitude towards the revolutionaries?	The storming of the Bastille is described rather accurately. Dickens portrays the revolutionaries as the mob that has two goals – to kill mercilessly and to destroy everything.
Defarge is looking for something in Dr. Manette’s cell. Does he find it?	No. Nothing of note is found in the cell. Almost all items are burned.
Who killed the governor of the Bastille and how?	Madame Defarge killed him by standing with one foot on his chest and chopping off his head.
To what natural phenomenon does Dickens compare the revolution?	The rising of the sea.
Joseph-Francois Foulon was an actual historical figure, a rich aristocrat who, at the beginning of the revolution, organized his own mock funeral to save himself from the rage of peasantry. His actual death is based on the accurate historical facts. Explain what happened	The peasants got hold of him and hanged him. It took them three attempts to finally hang him. Then the mob filled his mouth with grass because he was notorious for his remark that people should eat grass if they are hungry.
What important theme is evident in this chapter and how? (Chpt. 22)	The theme of resurrection is evident in Foulon’s mock trial and his “recall to life” by the revolutionaries.
What are the effects of the revolution?	“Far and wide lay a ruined country, yielding nothing but desolation. Every green leaf, every blade of grass and blade of grain, was as shriveled and poor as the miserable people. Everything was bowed own, dejected, oppressed, and broken. Habitations, fences, domesticated animals, men, women, children, and the soil that bore them – all worn out” (229).
What happened to the Marquis’s chateau?	It was burnt – vanished in flames.
Who is Gabelle?	A tax collector who worked all his life for the Evremondes.
How much time passed since the revolution started?	Three years
Why does Charles Darnay decide to go to Paris? What do you think about this decision?	He receives a pleading letter from Gabelle who has been imprisoned for his service to the Marquis (Darnay’s uncle).

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