5215748
Descrição
FlashCards por Anisha Rai, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Anisha Rai
mais de 8 anos atrás
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| Questão | Responda |
| How does water leave the body? | Via the lungs when we breathe out Via the skin when we sweat Excess water is removed via the kidneys in the urine |
| How are urea and ions removed from the body? | Via the skin when we sweat Excess ions are removed via the kidneys in the urine |
| What happens to excess amino acids in the liver? | They are deaminated to form ammonia, which is converted into urea for excretion |
| What happens to poisonous substances in the liver? | They are detoxified Breakdown products excreted in the urine via the kidneys |
| What happens to old blood cells in the liver? | They are broken down and the iron is stored |
| What happens in a healthy kidney? | Blood is filtered Glucose reabsorbed Dissolved ions needed by body reabsorbed As much water as the body needs is reabsorbed Urea, excess ions and excess water released as urine |
| What happens if the water content of the blood is too low? | Pituitary gland releases a hormone called ADH into the blood Causes kidneys to reabsorb more water Results in more concentrated urine |
| What happens if the water content of the blood is too high? | Less ADH is released into the blood Less water reabsorbed in the kidneys Results in a more dilute urine |
| How may people who suffer from kidney failure be treated? | Organ transplant Kidney Dialysis |
| What does kidney dialysis do? | Restores the concentrations of dissolved substances in the blood to normal levels |
| How often does dialysis have to be carried out? | At regular intervals |
| What happens in a dialysis machine? | A persons blood flows through partially permeable membranes |
| What concentration of useful substances does dialysis fluid contain? | The same concentration as the blood of a person without kidney disease |
| What does this ensure? | That glucose and useful mineral ions are not lost Harmful substances such as urea pass out from the blood into dialysis fluid |
| What are the advantages of a kidney transplant? | Patients can lead a more normal life without having to watch what they eat or drink Cheaper for the NHS overall |
| What are the disadvantages of a kidney transplant? | Must take immune-suppressant drugs which increase the risk of infection Shortage of organ donors Kidney only lasts 8-9 years on average Any operation carries risks |
| What are the advantages of kidney dialysis? | Available to all kidney patients (no shortage) No need for immune-suppressant drugs |
| What are the disadvantages of kidney dialysis? | Patient must limit their salt and protein intake between dialysis sessions Expensive for the NHS Regular dialysis sessions – impacts on the patient’s lifestyle |
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