Procurement and Tendering

1. PROCUREMENT - obtaining goods and services in line with clients requirements (time, cost and quality) and their attitude to risk.
1. 1.1 Procurement Strategy
  1. Main factors: time, cost, quality and risk
2. 1..2 Procurement Routes
  1. 1.2.1 Traditional Lump Sum/Fixed Price
    1. Provisional Sums / CDPS
    2. Fixed Price Contracts
      1. JCT Forms of Contract
      2. NEC Suite of Contracts
    3. Benefits/Considerations
    4. Remeasurement contract
  2. 1.2.5 Management Contracting
    1. Management contractor programmes, packages and obtains tenders for the works
    2. Employer pays a fixed management fee to contractor to manage building of a project
    3. Liability - risk of cost and programme lies with the employer
  3. 1.2.2 Design and Build
    1. Employer's consultants develop employers requirements into a brief outling scheme design e.g. building function, area required, services performance criteria, basic finishes information
      1. Single contractor appointed to deliver employers requirements, own design team
        Possible to novate clients consultants to complete design
    2. Contractor responsible for delivering to cost, time and quality
      1. Little flexibility for changes
        May have heavy cost and time implications
    3. 2 variants to process: a) develop and construct b) package deal
  4. 1.2.4 Construction Management
    1. Individual package contracts held with employer not contractor
  5. 1.2.3 PFI
    1. Public sector procurement of projects financed by private sector
    2. Process: Phase 1 Strategic Appraisal, Phase 2 Procurement and Phase 3 Operation
3. 1.3 Other procurement options
  1. Measured term
  2. Target cost/GMP
  3. Cost plus
2. TENDERING - the bidding process to obtain a price and how a contractor is appointed.
1. 2.1 Main types of tendering procedures
  1. Single-stage tendering
    1. RIBA Stage 4
  2. Two-stage tendering
    1. First stage - early contractor involvement during design process
      1. RIBA Stage 2 or 3
  3. Negotiated tender
    1. Single contractor
  4. JCT Tendering Practice Note 2012 - best practice guidance
2. 2.2 Practical Applications of Tendering
  1. 2.1 Pre-tender estimate (PTE)
    1. 1. Can the client afford the proposed development 2. Basis of comparison with tender returns
    2. NRM 1
  2. 2.2 Work Plans
    1. RIBA
    2. GRIP
    3. APM
  3. 2.3 Contractor Selection
    1. Open tendering
    2. Selective tendering
    3. Single contractor selection
  4. 2.4 OJEU
  5. 2.5 Tender period
    1. complexity, size, time of year, market conditions
    2. Extensions - float in programme
  6. 2.6 Tender documents
    1. Depending on contract type
    2. Invitiation to tender letter, form of tender, contract conditions, instruction to tenderers documents, project information, design information, pricing document and appendices
    3. Project specific factors/abnormals
    4. Issuing tenders
      1. Traditional issue
      2. E-tendering
        RICS E-tendering guidance note
  7. 2.7 During the tender process
    1. Queries, addenda, mid-tender interviews, withdrawals
  8. 2.8 Receiving tenders
    1. Tender opening, tender reviews
      1. Checking for errors, raising tender queries and conflicts in information and equalisation/normalisation process
  9. 2.9 Post tender
    1. Post tender interviews
    2. Further items to review
    3. Post tender estimate
    4. Tender report and notifying tenderers
3. 2.3 Practical considerations - Level 3

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